{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T15:26:13Z","timestamp":1790522773357,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Faraday Discuss."],"abstract":"<p>\n                    The analysis of the individual composition of hydrocarbon (VOC) mixtures enables us to transform observed VOC-concentrations into their respective total VOC-reactivity\n                    <italic>versus<\/italic>\n                    OH radicals (\n                    <italic>R<\/italic>\n                    <sub>VOC<\/sub>\n                    = \u03a3(\n                    <italic>k<\/italic>\n                    <sub>OH+VOCi<\/sub>\n                    \u00d7 [VOC\n                    <sub>i<\/sub>\n                    ])). This is particularly useful because local ozone production essentially depends on this single parameter rather than on the details of the underlying hydrocarbon mixture (Klemp\n                    <italic>et al.<\/italic>\n                    ,\n                    <italic>Schriften des Forschungszentrums J\u00fclich<\/italic>\n                    ,\n                    <italic>Energy &amp; Environment<\/italic>\n                    , 2012,\n                    <bold>21<\/bold>\n                    ). The VOC composition also enables us to pin down the major emission source of hydrocarbons in urban areas to be petrol cars with temporarily reduced catalyst efficiency (the so-called cold-start situation) whereas the source of nitrogen oxides (NO\n                    <sub>x<\/sub>\n                    = NO + NO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    ) is expected to be nowadays dominated by diesel cars. The observations in the vicinity of main roads in German cities show a decrease in the ratio of OH reactivities of VOC and NO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    (\n                    <italic>R<\/italic>\n                    <sub>VOC<\/sub>\n                    \/\n                    <italic>R<\/italic>\n                    <sub>NO2<\/sub>\n                    ) by a factor of 7.5 over the time period 1994\u20132014. This is larger than the expected decrease of a factor of 2.9 taking estimated trends of VOC and NO\n                    <sub>x<\/sub>\n                    traffic emissions in Germany (Umweltbundesamt Deutschland,\n                    <italic>National Trend Tables for the German Atmospheric Emission Reporting<\/italic>\n                    , 2015), during this time period. The observed reduction in the\n                    <italic>R<\/italic>\n                    <sub>VOC<\/sub>\n                    \/\n                    <italic>R<\/italic>\n                    <sub>NO2<\/sub>\n                    ratio leads to a drastic decrease in local ozone production driven by the reduction in hydrocarbons. The analysis reveals that the overall reduction of ozone production benefits from the low decrease of NO\n                    <sub>x<\/sub>\n                    emissions from road traffic which is a consequence of the eventual absence of catalytic converters for nitrogen oxide removal in diesel cars up to now.\n                  <\/p>","DOI":"10.1039\/c5fd00180c","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]],"date-time":"2015-12-09T13:22:41Z","timestamp":1449667361000},"page":"407-437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Twenty years of ambient observations of nitrogen oxides and specified hydrocarbons in air masses dominated by traffic emissions in Germany"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Ehlers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Institute IEK-8:Troposphere"},{"name":"52428 J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieter","family":"Klemp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Institute IEK-8:Troposphere"},{"name":"52428 J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz","family":"Rohrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Institute IEK-8:Troposphere"},{"name":"52428 J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Djuro","family":"Mihelcic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Institute IEK-8:Troposphere"},{"name":"52428 J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Wegener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Institute IEK-8:Troposphere"},{"name":"52428 J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Kiendler-Scharr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Institute IEK-8:Troposphere"},{"name":"52428 J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Wahner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Institute IEK-8:Troposphere"},{"name":"52428 J\u00fclich"},{"name":"Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"reference":[{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit1)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ea.07.050179.002303","volume":"7","author":"Crutzen","year":"1979","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit2)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2013.08.003","volume":"80","author":"Derwent","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit3)\/*[position()=1]","first-page":"000029","volume":"2","author":"Cooper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Elementa"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit4)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Luftqualit\u00e4t 2014, Vorl\u00e4ufige Auswertung","author":"Dauert","year":"January 2015","unstructured":"U.\n            Dauert\n          , S.Feigenspan, A.Minkos and M.Langner, Luftqualit\u00e4t 2014, Vorl\u00e4ufige Auswertung, Umweltbundesamt, Deutschland, Dessau-Ro\u00dflau, January 2015, pp. 11\u201312"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit5)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Information \u00fcber Abgase des Kraftfahrzeugverkehrs","year":"2003","unstructured":"Information \u00fcber Abgase des Kraftfahrzeugverkehrs, ed. P. Rabl, Bayrisches Landesamt f\u00fcr Umweltschutz, Augsburg, Germany, 2003"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit6)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Thermodynamik der Verbrennungskraftmaschine: Der Fahrzeugantrieb","author":"Pischinger","year":"2009","unstructured":"R.\n            Pischinger\n          , M.Kell and T.Sams, Thermodynamik der Verbrennungskraftmaschine: Der Fahrzeugantrieb, Springer, Wien, Austia, New York, USA, 3rd edn, 2009"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit7)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Energy & Environment","volume":"vol. 21","author":"Klemp","year":"2012","unstructured":"D.\n            Klemp\n          , D.Mihelcic and B.Mittermaier, Messung und Bewertung von Verkehrsemissionen, Schriften des Forschungszentrums J\u00fclich, Energy & Environment, J\u00fclich, Germany, 1st edn, 2012, vol. 21"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit8)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Abgas-Emissionsfaktoren von PKW in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland - Abgasemissionen von Fahrzeugen der Baujahre 1986 bis 1990 (Forschungsbericht 10405152 und 10405509 im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes)","author":"Hassel","year":"1994","unstructured":"D.\n            Hassel\n          , P.Jost, F.-J.Weber, F.Dursbeck, K.-S.Sonnborn and D.Plettau, Abgas-Emissionsfaktoren von PKW in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland - Abgasemissionen von Fahrzeugen der Baujahre 1986 bis 1990 (Forschungsbericht 10405152 und 10405509 im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes), Erich Schmid Verlag, Berlin, Germany, 1994"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit9)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"EC Commission Regulations No 91\/441\/EWG, 91\/441\/EWG, 94\/12\/EG, 98\/69\/EG, 98\/69\/EG, EG 715\/2007 with EG 692\/2008 and EG 459\/2012 implementing and amending Regulations of the European Parliament and of the Council on type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles, European Commission, Brussels, Belgium, 1991\u20132012"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit10)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"Gesetz zur st\u00e4rkeren Ber\u00fccksichtigung der Schadstoffemissionen bei der Besteuerung von Personenkraftwagen (Kraftfahrzeug\u00e4nderungsgesetz 1997-KraftSt\u00c4ndG 1997), Deutscher Bundestag, Bonn, Germany, 18 April 1997"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit11)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.09.063","volume":"45","author":"Carslaw","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit12)\/*[position()=1]","author":"Rexeis","unstructured":"M.\n            Rexeis\n          , S.Hausberger, J.K\u00fchlwein and R.Luz, Update of emission factors for Euro 5 and Euro 6 vehicles for the HBEFA version 3.2. TUG report I-31\/2013\/Rex EM-I 2011\/20\/679, TU Graz, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria, 2013"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit13)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"Fahrzeugzulassungen: Bestand an Kraftfahrzeugen nach Umwelt-Merkmalen; Statistische Mitteilungen des Kraftfahrt-Bundesamtes FZ 13, Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt, Flensburg, Germany, 2015"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit14)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6028(85)90415-7","volume":"155","author":"Lesley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Surf. Sci."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit15)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"Aktualisierung \u201cDaten- und Rechenmodell: Energieverbrauch und Schadstoff-emissionen des motorisierten Verkehrs in Deutschland 1960-2030\u201d (TREMOD, Version 5.3) f\u00fcr die Emissionsberichtserstattung 2013, ed. W. Kn\u00f6rr, ifeu - Institut f\u00fcr Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany, 2012"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit16)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Emission Factors from the Model PHEM for the HBEFA Version 3, Report Nr. I-20\/2009 Haus-Em 33\/08\/679 from 07.12.2009","author":"Hausberger","year":"2009","unstructured":"S.\n            Hausberger\n          , M.Rexeis, M.Zallinger and R.Luz, Emission Factors from the Model PHEM for the HBEFA Version 3, Report Nr. I-20\/2009 Haus-Em 33\/08\/679 from 07.12.2009, TU Graz, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria, 2009"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit17)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"ERMES: European Research Group on Mobile Emission Sources, Information Paper\u201cDiesel light duty vehicle NOxemission factors\u201d, ERMES 2015-10-09, INFRAS, Bern, Switzerland, 2015"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit18)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"National Trend Tables for the German Atmospheric Emission Reporting, ANNEX 1: National sector emissions: Main pollutants, particulate matter, heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants","year":"27 April 2015","unstructured":"National Trend Tables for the German Atmospheric Emission Reporting, ANNEX 1: National sector emissions: Main pollutants, particulate matter, heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants, Excel spreadsheets DE_2015_Table_I_1990.xls - DE_2015_Table_I_2013.xls, ed. P. Gniffke, Umweltbundesamt, Deutschland, Dessau, 27 April 2015"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit19)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"Umweltbundesamt, Entwicklung der Luftqualit\u00e4t in Deutschland, Umweltbundesamt Deutschland, Fachgebiet II 4.2, \u201cBeurteilung der Luftqualit\u00e4t\u201d, Dessau-Ro\u00dflau, October 2009, pp. 5\u20137"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit20)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Verkehrsemissionsmodellierung - Modellvergleich und alternative Szenarien","author":"Kugler","year":"2013","unstructured":"U.\n            Kugler\n          , J.Theloke and W.J\u00f6r\u00df, Verkehrsemissionsmodellierung - Modellvergleich und alternative Szenarien, Umweltbundesamt, Dessau-Ro\u00dflau, Germany, 2013"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit21)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2007.04.056","volume":"41","author":"Niedojadlo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit22)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Messungen der Immissionskonzentrationen verschiedener Ozonvorl\u00e4ufersubstanzen in Ballungsgebieten und an Autobahnen - Charakterisierung der Emissionsverh\u00e4ltnisse des Stra\u00dfenverkehrs unter verschiedenen Verkehrssituationen durch Messungen in Quelln\u00e4he","author":"Schmitz","year":"1997","unstructured":"T.\n            Schmitz\n          , D.Klemp and D.Kley, Messungen der Immissionskonzentrationen verschiedener Ozonvorl\u00e4ufersubstanzen in Ballungsgebieten und an Autobahnen - Charakterisierung der Emissionsverh\u00e4ltnisse des Stra\u00dfenverkehrs unter verschiedenen Verkehrssituationen durch Messungen in Quelln\u00e4he, Berichte des Forschungszentrums J\u00fclich, J\u00fcl-3457, J\u00fclich, Germany, 1997"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit23)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Energy & Environment","volume":"vol. 84","author":"Urban","year":"2010","unstructured":"S.\n            Urban\n          , Charakterisierung der Quellverteilung von Feinstaub und Stickoxiden in l\u00e4ndlichem und st\u00e4dtischem Gebiet, Schriften des Forschungszentrums J\u00fclich, Energy & Environment, J\u00fclich, Germany, 2010, vol. 84"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit24)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Untersuchungen von Verkehrsabgasemissionen insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Ozonbildung, Abschlussbericht","author":"Kern","year":"1997","unstructured":"T.\n            Kern\n          , N.Metz and D.Kley, Untersuchungen von Verkehrsabgasemissionen insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Ozonbildung, Abschlussbericht, Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich, J\u00fclich, Germany, 1997"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit25)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Experimentelle Bestimmung von st\u00e4dtischen Emissionen anhand von Konzentrationsmessungen im Lee einer Stadt","author":"Mannschreck","year":"2001","unstructured":"K.\n            Mannschreck\n          , Experimentelle Bestimmung von st\u00e4dtischen Emissionen anhand von Konzentrationsmessungen im Lee einer Stadt, Berichte des Forschungszentrums J\u00fclich, J\u00fcl-3846, J\u00fclich, Germany, 2001"},{"issue":"1","key":"C5FD00180C-(cit26)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(02)00210-8","volume":"36","author":"Klemp","year":"2002","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit27)\/*[position()=1]","author":"Mittermaier","unstructured":"B.\n            Mittermaier\n           and D.Klemp, EGU General Assembly 2004, Nice, France, 25 April 2004\u201330 April 2004"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit28)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Energy & Environment","volume":"vol. 229","author":"Ehlers","year":"2014","unstructured":"C.\n            Ehlers\n          , Mobile Messungen - Messung und Bewertung von Verkehrsemissionen, Schriften des Forschungszentrums J\u00fclich, Energy & Environment, J\u00fclich, Germany, 2014, vol. 229"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit29)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00085105","volume":"27","author":"Barker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit30)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4639","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(00)00303-4","volume":"34","author":"Schmitz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit31)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Gefahrstoffe, Reinhaltung der Luft","volume":"vol. 64","author":"Mittermaier","year":"2004","unstructured":"B.\n            Mittermaier\n           and D.Klemp, Gefahrstoffe, Reinhaltung der Luft, 2004, vol. 64, pp. 487\u2013494"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit32)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00051078","volume":"2","author":"Drummond","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Chem."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit33)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00494492","volume":"317","author":"Volz","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fresenius' Z. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit34)\/*[position()=1]","first-page":"17","volume":"97","author":"Ehhalt","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. Edinburgh, Sect. B: Biol. Sci."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit35)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2647","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-1686(90)90144-C","volume":"24","author":"Atkinson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit36)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1193030","volume":"330","author":"Mollner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit37)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-3-161-2003","volume":"3","author":"Saunders","year":"2003","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit38)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Art und Menge von stofflichen Emissionen aus dem Verkehrsbereich","author":"Wiedmann","year":"2000","unstructured":"T.\n            Wiedmann\n          , J.Kersten and K.Ballschmiter, Art und Menge von stofflichen Emissionen aus dem Verkehrsbereich, Akademie f\u00fcr Technikfolgenabsch\u00e4tzung in Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Stuttgart, Germany, 2000"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit39)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9983","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-15-9983-2015","volume":"15","author":"Dunmore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit40)\/*[position()=1]","author":"Steinemann","unstructured":"U.\n            Steinemann\n           and F.Zumsteg, Verkehrs- und Schadstoffmessungen 2008 im Gubristtunnel (Traffic and trace gas pollutant measurements 2008 in the Gubrist tunnel); report US 89-16-13, OSTLUFT durch Amt f\u00fcr Abfall, Wasser, Energie und Luft des Kantons Z\u00fcrich (AWEL), Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland, updated 25 May 2010"},{"key":"C5FD00180C-(cit41)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12871","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-14-12871-2014","volume":"14","author":"Ammoura","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."}],"container-title":["Faraday Discussions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2016\/FD\/C5FD00180C","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T05:06:44Z","timestamp":1782882404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/fd\/article\/479527"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":41,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c5fd00180c","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-6640","1364-5498"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-6640","type":"print"},{"value":"1364-5498","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"assertion":[{"value":"This document is Similarity Check deposited","name":"similarity_check","explanation":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.crossref.org\/services\/similarity-check\/"},"group":{"name":"similarity_check","label":"SIMILARITY CHECK"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","name":"related_article","label":"CrossRef DOI Link to Discussion:","group":{"name":"associated_articles","label":"ASSOCIATED ARTICLES"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","name":"related_article","label":"CrossRef DOI Link to Discussion:","group":{"name":"associated_articles","label":"ASSOCIATED ARTICLES"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","name":"related_article","label":"CrossRef DOI Link to Discussion:","group":{"name":"associated_articles","label":"ASSOCIATED ARTICLES"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","name":"related_article","label":"CrossRef DOI Link to Discussion:","group":{"name":"associated_articles","label":"ASSOCIATED ARTICLES"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","name":"related_article","label":"CrossRef DOI Link to Discussion:","group":{"name":"associated_articles","label":"ASSOCIATED ARTICLES"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","name":"related_article","label":"CrossRef DOI Link to Discussion:","group":{"name":"associated_articles","label":"ASSOCIATED ARTICLES"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","name":"related_article","label":"CrossRef DOI Link to Discussion:","group":{"name":"associated_articles","label":"ASSOCIATED ARTICLES"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","name":"related_article","label":"CrossRef DOI Link to Discussion:","group":{"name":"associated_articles","label":"ASSOCIATED ARTICLES"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6FD90021F","name":"related_article","label":"CrossRef DOI Link to Discussion:","group":{"name":"associated_articles","label":"ASSOCIATED ARTICLES"}},{"value":"The Royal Society of Chemistry has an exclusive publication licence for this journal","name":"copyright_licence","group":{"name":"copyright_licensing","label":"COPYRIGHT AND LICENSING"}},{"value":"This article is freely available. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence (CC BY 3.0)","URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/","name":"copyright_licence","label":"OPEN ACCESS","group":{"name":"copyright_licensing","label":"COPYRIGHT AND LICENSING"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":2,"name":"peer_review_method","group":{"name":"peer_review_method","label":"PEER REVIEW METHOD"}},{"value":"Received 18 November 2015; Accepted 9 December 2015;  Accepted Manuscript published 9 December 2015;  Advance Article published 27 April 2016;  Version of Record published 18 July 2016","order":1,"name":"history","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"PUBLICATION HISTORY"}}]}}