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The gradual complexation of the ligand shell with potassium ions was further monitored by zeta potential measurements. Potassium dependent insertion of nanoparticles into the phospholipid bilayer membrane of vesicles in aqueous dispersion has been demonstrated by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). Nanoparticle-dependent potassium ion transport across the vesicle membrane has been established by monitoring the membrane potential with fluorescence spectroscopy using a potential sensitive dye.\n                  <\/p>","DOI":"10.1039\/c6fd00037a","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]],"date-time":"2016-04-13T05:34:45Z","timestamp":1460525685000},"page":"495-510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Design of artificial membrane transporters from gold nanoparticles with controllable hydrophobicity"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Marcin P.","family":"Grzelczak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liverpool"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry"},{"name":"Liverpool"},{"name":"UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander P.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liverpool"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry"},{"name":"Liverpool"},{"name":"UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domagoj","family":"Belic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liverpool"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry"},{"name":"Liverpool"},{"name":"UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan F.","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liverpool"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry"},{"name":"Liverpool"},{"name":"UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casper","family":"Kunstmann-Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liverpool"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry"},{"name":"Liverpool"},{"name":"UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Brust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liverpool"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry"},{"name":"Liverpool"},{"name":"UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"C6FD00037A-(cit1)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4769","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.082065899","volume":"99","author":"Whitesides","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. 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