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In this study, 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely control, model, dexamethasone and bergenin groups, with 10 rats in each group. Except for the control group, rats from the other three groups were exposed to tobacco smoke for 1 h d\u22121 for 28 days. During the modeling, dexamethasone (0.2 mg kg\u22121) and bergenin (87 mg kg\u22121) were administered orally to dexamethasone or bergenin rats 3 h after exposure every day. On the other hand, control and model rats were intragastrically administered water. According to the results of morphometric analysis of the airway epithelium and the count of white blood cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), dexamethasone and bergenin could suppress the infiltration of inflammatory cells, inhibit the secretion of mucus, and reduce white blood cells in BALF. Serum samples from the rats' orbits were collected every week. The metabolic profiles of sera were analyzed by multivariate statistical analyses, including PCA, PLS-DA and OPLS-DA models, and 18 metabolites were identified. The dynamic fluctuations of these biomarkers in sera from different groups were detected. The results suggested that the anti-inflammatory mechanism of dexamethasone may be associated with BCAA metabolism and glycolysis while bergenin could change BCAA metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and glycolysis to treat chronic bronchitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p\/>","DOI":"10.1039\/c6mb00041j","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,6]],"date-time":"2016-04-06T05:36:11Z","timestamp":1459920971000},"page":"1938-1947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Comparative effects of dexamethasone and bergenin on chronic bronchitis and their anti-inflammatory mechanisms based on NMR metabolomics"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine a , No. 6, WangJing ZhongHuan South Street Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100102 China \u00a0 wxyph.d@163.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuangshuang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine a , No. 6, WangJing ZhongHuan South Street Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100102 China \u00a0 wxyph.d@163.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine a , No. 6, WangJing ZhongHuan South Street Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100102 China \u00a0 wxyph.d@163.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine a , No. 6, WangJing ZhongHuan South Street Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100102 China \u00a0 wxyph.d@163.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaorui","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine a , No. 6, WangJing ZhongHuan South Street Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100102 China \u00a0 wxyph.d@163.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University b , Beijing 100048, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongfeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine c , No. 11 North 3rd Ring East Road Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100029 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baosheng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Scientific Experiment, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine d , No. 11 North 3rd Ring East Road Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100029 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueyong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine a , No. 6, WangJing ZhongHuan South Street Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100102 China \u00a0 wxyph.d@163.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010815192697500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61766-8","volume":"380","author":"Lim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026010815192697500_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200007273430407","volume":"343","author":"Barnes","year":"2000","journal-title":"N. 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