{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:41:08Z","timestamp":1791607268379,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561680000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":543,"URL":"http:\/\/rsc.li\/journals-terms-of-use#chorus"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000165","name":"Division of Chemistry","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1531562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1531562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000165","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000165","name":"Division of Chemistry","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1610807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1610807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000165","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts"],"abstract":"<p>Herbicides in the 2,4-D family were investigated for their direct photolysis under sunlight in organic solvents and on simulated leaf surfaces.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1039\/c8em00186c","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]],"date-time":"2018-06-28T07:36:39Z","timestamp":1530171399000},"page":"1123-1135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Emerging investigator series: sunlight photolysis of 2,4-D herbicides in systems simulating leaf surfaces"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil"},{"name":"Structural and Environmental Engineering"},{"name":"University at Buffalo"},{"name":"The State University of New York"},{"name":"Buffalo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0472-7747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John D.","family":"Sivey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry"},{"name":"Towson University"},{"name":"Towson"},{"name":"USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8468-5611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil"},{"name":"Structural and Environmental Engineering"},{"name":"University at Buffalo"},{"name":"The State University of New York"},{"name":"Buffalo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"reference":[{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit1)\/*[position()=1]","first-page":"1","volume":"182","author":"Katagi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit2)\/*[position()=1]","first-page":"628","volume":"16","author":"Remucal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit3)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Environmental Organic Chemistry","author":"Schwarzenbach","year":"2003","unstructured":"R. P. Schwarzenbach  ,  P. M.Gschwend  and  D. M.Imboden ,  Environmental Organic Chemistry ,  Wiley ,  Hoboken, N.J. , 2nd edn,  2003"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit4)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6735","DOI":"10.1021\/es3030808","volume":"47","author":"Zeng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit5)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1021\/es025902+","volume":"37","author":"Lam","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit6)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1021\/jf803282f","volume":"57","author":"Eyheraguibel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit7)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2008.07.003","volume":"54","author":"Koch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit8)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1021\/es034916s","volume":"38","author":"Choi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit9)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.09.009","volume":"57","author":"Dolinova","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit10)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5753","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4020(01)96063-6","volume":"42","author":"Ramamurthy","year":"1986","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit11)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(90)90170-X","volume":"21","author":"Schwack","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit12)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.2780400405","volume":"40","author":"Schwack","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pest Manage. Sci."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit13)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1021\/jf00081a060","volume":"36","author":"Schwack","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit14)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(99)90553-2","volume":"41","author":"Breithaupt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit15)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2015.04.007","volume":"9","author":"Sandin-Espana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arabian J. Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit16)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1021\/i300013a002","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit17)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1126\/science.841331","volume":"195","author":"Crosby","year":"1977","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit18)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1584\/jpestics.10.91","volume":"10","author":"Sato","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Pestic. Sci."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit19)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8023","DOI":"10.1021\/jf801251u","volume":"56","author":"Schippers","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit20)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1021\/jf052113d","volume":"54","author":"Fukushima","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit21)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4798","DOI":"10.1021\/es026448c","volume":"37","author":"Da Silva","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit22)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3681","DOI":"10.1021\/jf970102h","volume":"45","author":"Cabras","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit23)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(97)00349-4","volume":"36","author":"Schuler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit24)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1080\/02652030600627248","volume":"23","author":"Riccio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Food Addit. Contam."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit25)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(96)00328-1","volume":"33","author":"Schynowski","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit26)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2989","DOI":"10.1021\/es052266h","volume":"40","author":"Ter Halle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit27)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1021\/jf60206a017","volume":"24","author":"Plimmer","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit28)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1071\/EN08073","volume":"5","author":"Lavieille","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit29)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2017.202","volume":"76","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit30)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9624","DOI":"10.1021\/jf901996d","volume":"57","author":"Lavieille","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit31)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage","author":"Grube","year":"2011","unstructured":"A. Grube  ,  D.Donaldson ,  T.Kiely  and  L.Wu ,  Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage ,  US EPA ,  Washington, DC ,  2011"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit32)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"D. Edwards, Reregistration Eligibility Decision for 2,4-D,  https:\/\/archive.epa.gov\/pesticides\/reregistration\/web\/pdf\/24d_red.pdf , (accessed April 04, 2018)"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit33)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.4296\/cwrj2501081","volume":"25","author":"McMartin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Canadian Water Resources Journal"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit34)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Phenoxyalkanoic herbicides: Volume I, Chemistry, Analysis and environmental pollution","author":"Hee","year":"1981","unstructured":"Q. Hee  ,  Phenoxyalkanoic herbicides: Volume I, Chemistry, Analysis and environmental pollution ,  CRC Press, Inc. ,  Boca Raton, FL ,  1981"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit35)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"Decision Guidance Documents 2,4,5-T and its salts and esters  http:\/\/www.pic.int\/Portals\/5\/DGDs\/DGD_2,4,5-T_EN.pdf , (accessed June 11, 2018)"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit36)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"I. Southern Agricultural Ins. and F. Palmetto, 2,4-D Amine Weed Killer Selective Broadleaf Weed Control,  http:\/\/www.rrsi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/24-D_Amine_Weed_Killer_LABEL1.pdf , (accessed July 01, 2017)"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit37)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1021\/es60139a010","volume":"12","author":"Zepp","year":"1978","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit38)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochem.2009.11.013","volume":"209","author":"Galbavy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., A"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit39)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1029\/2004JD005552","volume":"110","author":"Phillips","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit40)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1749391","volume":"2","author":"Leighton","year":"1934","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit41)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1021\/j100442a007","volume":"84","author":"George","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit42)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(00)00423-4","volume":"24","author":"Allen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit43)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1021\/es60111a001","volume":"9","author":"Zepp","year":"1975","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit44)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01701219","volume":"44","author":"Hung","year":"1990","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit45)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1039\/c3pp50241d","volume":"12","author":"Chastain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol. Sci."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit46)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1080\/10406638.2014.892887","volume":"34","author":"Librando","year":"2014","journal-title":"Polycyclic Aromat. Compd."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit47)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochem.2015.05.004","volume":"309","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., A"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit48)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-015-0304-2","volume":"16","author":"Ahmad","year":"2015","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit49)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1007\/s11738-017-2471-0","volume":"39","author":"Choudhury","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Plant."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit50)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7653","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.7b02622","volume":"65","author":"Sleiman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit51)\/*[position()=1]","first-page":"891","volume":"19","author":"McConville","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit52)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1021\/jf60136a016","volume":"12","author":"Aly","year":"1964","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit53)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2660","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b04842","volume":"51","author":"Aregahegn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit54)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1021\/jf60148a012","volume":"14","author":"Crosby","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit55)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1021\/jf60221a011","volume":"27","author":"Hee","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit56)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"CSID:31290797,  http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.31290797.html , (accessed April 05, 2018)"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit57)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"CSID:1443,  http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.1443.html , (accessed April 05, 2018)"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit58)\/*[position()=1]","unstructured":"CSID:26055484,  http:\/\/www.chemspider.com\/Chemical-Structure.26055484.html , (accessed April 05, 2018)"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit59)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1021\/jf60190a051","volume":"21","author":"Crosby","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit60)\/*[position()=1]","first-page":"227","volume":"53","author":"Choudhury","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit61)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2009.06.054","volume":"76","author":"Xie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit62)\/*[position()=1]","volume-title":"Advanced Organic Chemistry","author":"Lewis","year":"2016","unstructured":"D. E. Lewis  ,  Advanced Organic Chemistry ,  Oxford University Press ,  2016"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit63)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420007282","volume-title":"Comprehensive Handbook of Chemical Bond Energies","author":"Luo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Y.-R. Luo  ,  Comprehensive Handbook of Chemical Bond Energies ,  CRC press ,  2007"},{"key":"C8EM00186C-(cit64)\/*[position()=1]","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8128","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b02682","volume":"50","author":"Zeng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."}],"container-title":["Environmental Science: Processes &amp; Impacts"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2018\/EM\/C8EM00186C","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2018\/EM\/C8EM00186C","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T22:05:26Z","timestamp":1782943526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/em\/article\/20\/8\/1123-1135\/604133"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c8em00186c","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-7887","2050-7895"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-7887","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-7895","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"assertion":[{"value":"This document is Similarity Check deposited","name":"similarity_check","explanation":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.crossref.org\/services\/similarity-check\/"},"group":{"name":"similarity_check","label":"SIMILARITY CHECK"}},{"value":"Supplementary Information","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C8EM00186C","name":"related_data","group":{"name":"related_data","label":"RELATED DATA"}},{"value":"John D. Sivey (ORCID)","URL":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0472-7747","name":"identifier","group":{"name":"author_identifiers","label":"IDENTIFIERS"}},{"value":"Ning Dai (ORCID)","URL":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8468-5611","name":"identifier","group":{"name":"author_identifiers","label":"IDENTIFIERS"}},{"value":"Ning Dai (ResearcherID)","URL":"http:\/\/www.researcherid.com\/rid\/N-7200-2015","name":"identifier","group":{"name":"author_identifiers","label":"IDENTIFIERS"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":2,"name":"peer_review_method","group":{"name":"peer_review_method","label":"PEER REVIEW METHOD"}},{"value":"Received 23 April 2018; Accepted 28 June 2018;  Accepted Manuscript published 28 June 2018;  Advance Article published 5 July 2018;  Version of Record published 16 August 2018","order":1,"name":"history","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"PUBLICATION HISTORY"}}]}}