{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T03:57:01Z","timestamp":1788494221439,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"46","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":208,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F.4-2\/2006 (BSR)\/EN\/18-19\/0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F.4-2\/2006 (BSR)\/EN\/18-19\/0005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F.No.194-2\/2016(IC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F.No.194-2\/2016(IC)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001412","name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["09\/135(0764)\/2017-EMR-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["09\/135(0764)\/2017-EMR-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IFA-12-CH41"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IFA-12-CH41"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RSC Adv."],"abstract":"<jats:p>2,4-Dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) is a nitro aromatic compound used as a raw material for trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive synthesis along with several other industrial applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d0ra02826f","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T10:44:58Z","timestamp":1595846698000},"page":"27764-27774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["A flower-like ZnO\u2013Ag\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    O nanocomposite for label and mediator free direct sensing of dinitrotoluene"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Urmila","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Bhanjana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7177-3252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jost","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, S\u00f8nderborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8786-9379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yogendra Kumar","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, S\u00f8nderborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8985-3186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gurpreet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0501-6071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ganga Ram","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India"},{"name":"Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Facility (SAIF)\/CIL, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4206-1541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajeet","family":"Kaushik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Science, Arts & Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland-33805, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"reference":[{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit1\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.00006-10","volume":"74","author":"Ju","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit2\/1","volume-title":"Drinking Water Health Advisory for 2,4-Dinitrotoluene and 2,6-Dinitrotoluene","year":"2019","unstructured":"Drinking Water Health Advisory for 2,4-Dinitrotoluene and 2,6-Dinitrotoluene ,  https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/production\/files\/201409\/documents\/drinking_water_health_advisory_for_24_and_26_dinitrotoluene.pdf , accessed September,  2019"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit3\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13088","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.5b02840","volume":"119","author":"Olson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit4\/1","volume-title":"Technical Fact Sheet \u2013 Dinitrotoluene (DNT)","year":"2019","unstructured":"Technical Fact Sheet \u2013 Dinitrotoluene (DNT) ,  United States Environmental Protection Agency ,  https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/production\/files\/201710\/documents\/emerging_contaminant_dinitrotoleune_dnt.pdf , accessed September,  2019"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit5\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8383","DOI":"10.1021\/ac501973x","volume":"86","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit6\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18543","DOI":"10.1039\/c8ta01861h","volume":"6","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit7\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7177","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-015-6607-0","volume":"99","author":"Yagur-Kroll","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit8\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16459","DOI":"10.1039\/c7nr05057g","volume":"9","author":"Ben-Jaber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit9\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2017.10.098","volume":"248","author":"Bansal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mol. Liq."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit10\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44525-4","volume":"9","author":"Bhanjana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit11\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"021301-1","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5123479","volume":"7","author":"Malik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Rev."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit12\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/jmattod.2017.11.003","volume":"21","author":"Mishra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit13\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16021","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.8b02041","volume":"6","author":"Rajkumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit14\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2012.06.054","volume":"171\u2013172","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit15\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2017.02.029","volume":"94","author":"Lim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit16\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1039\/c7gc03877a","volume":"20","author":"Kaur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit17\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8205","DOI":"10.1039\/c4ra15045g","volume":"5","author":"Bansal","year":"2015","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit18\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2019.111455","volume":"292","author":"Bhanjana","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mol. Liq."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit19\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/asiamat.2010.137","volume":"3","author":"Solanki","year":"2011","journal-title":"NPG Asia Mater."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit20\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-018-2840-4","volume":"185","author":"Ghazizadeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microchim. Acta"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit21\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30631","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b08901","volume":"10","author":"Chauhan","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit22\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2017.02.088","volume":"43","author":"Al-Hadeethi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit23\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143901","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3111429","volume":"94","author":"Solanki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit24\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2008.04.010","volume":"616","author":"Khan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit25\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2009.08.038","volume":"28","author":"Ali","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit26\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2013.11.005","volume":"192","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit27\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7272","DOI":"10.1039\/c4ta00464g","volume":"2","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit28\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2015.11.007","volume":"154","author":"Kadam","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., B"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit29\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1039\/c2cy20253k","volume":"3","author":"Toh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Catal. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit30\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33276","volume":"6","author":"Yew","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit31\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4731","DOI":"10.1021\/am301108a","volume":"4","author":"Fierke","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit32\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2015.09.062","volume":"180","author":"Dutta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit33\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1039\/c2an36351h","volume":"138","author":"Caygills","year":"2013","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit34\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s12034-015-1145-z","volume":"39","author":"Fan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit35\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2011.10.018","volume":"67","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit36\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.materresbull.2008.01.021","volume":"43","author":"Ahsanulhaq","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Bull."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit37\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276x-8-536","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit38\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2017.09.073","volume":"510","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit39\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2015.01.039","volume":"137","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit40\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276x-8-516","volume":"8","author":"Bagabas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit41\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsamd.201702.002","volume":"2","author":"Raji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit42\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s11671-007-9064-6","volume":"2","author":"Gong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit43\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1007\/s10971-012-2818-3","volume":"63","author":"Chauhan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit44\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21741\/9781945291517","volume-title":"Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Materials","author":"Saravanan","year":"2018","unstructured":"R.Saravanan ,  Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Materials ,  Materials Research Forum LLC ,  2018 ,  10.21741\/9781945291517"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit45\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2015.03.136","volume":"640","author":"Hosseini","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit46\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2014.01.041","volume":"58","author":"Yuan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit47\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1021\/ac051826s","volume":"78","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit48\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2016.04.050","volume":"203","author":"Pan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit49\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proche.2015.12.109","volume":"17","author":"Wyantuti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia Chem."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit50\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60210a007","volume":"36","author":"Nicholson","year":"1964","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit51\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-0728(85)80049-8","volume":"188","author":"Takeuchi","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Electroanal. Chem."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit52\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5186.79345","volume":"2","author":"Shrivastava","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chron. Young Sci."},{"key":"D0RA02826F\/cit53\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2012.10.068","volume":"88","author":"Mbah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"}],"container-title":["RSC Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2020\/RA\/D0RA02826F","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T05:26:53Z","timestamp":1782970013000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/ra\/article\/10\/46\/27764-27774\/701494"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"46","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d0ra02826f","relation":{},"ISSN":["2046-2069"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-2069","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}