{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T02:57:31Z","timestamp":1788577051060,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707523200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":405,"URL":"http:\/\/rsc.li\/journals-terms-of-use"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009192","name":"Alberta Innovates","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CASBE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CASBE"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009192","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["506072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["506072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Alliance Grant (ALLRP 555165-20)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Alliance Grant (ALLRP 555165-20)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PGSD-534859-2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PGSD-534859-2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nanoscale"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The continuous spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has highlighted the need for simple and reliable diagnostic technologies for point-of-care (POC) virus detection applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d2nr06485e","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T10:41:54Z","timestamp":1676025714000},"page":"5476-5485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Point-of-care (POC) SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection using functionalized aerosol jet-printed organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs)"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6033-174X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheldon","family":"Parr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6263-2511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seongdae","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6888-9502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manisha","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"reference":[{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit1\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.5910","volume":"323","author":"Hartley","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit2\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21358-2","volume":"12","author":"Nouvellet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit3\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2020.112455","volume":"166","author":"Ji","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit4\/1","first-page":"1843","volume":"323","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"issue":"6","key":"D2NR06485E\/cit5\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00512","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00512-20","volume":"58","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit6\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2020.112454","volume":"165","author":"Ravi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit7\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5135","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c02823","volume":"14","author":"Seo","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit8\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2021.113206","volume":"183","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit9\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2021.123197","volume":"240","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit10\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10321","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c22589","volume":"13","author":"Shao","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit11\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2021.107982","volume":"143","author":"Zamzami","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioelectrochemistry"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit12\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.1c00727","author":"Ditte","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"11","key":"D2NR06485E\/cit13\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3121","DOI":"10.3390\/s20113121","volume":"20","author":"Mavrikou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit14\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12050347","volume":"12","author":"Farrow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit15\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.05.098","volume":"99","author":"Porte","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit16\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.24.059204","author":"Mahari","year":"2020","unstructured":"S.Mahari ,  A.Roberts ,  D.Shahdeo  and  S.Gandhi ,  bioRxiv ,  2020 ,  10.1101\/2020.04.24.059204"},{"issue":"2","key":"D2NR06485E\/cit17\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.3390\/s21020390","volume":"21","author":"Mojsoska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit18\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2020.09.027","volume":"3","author":"Torrente-Rodriguez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Matter"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit19\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-021-04762-9","volume":"188","author":"Rahmati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mikrochim. Acta"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit20\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.0c04719","volume":"93","author":"Eissa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit21\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2019.01.120","volume":"286","author":"Majak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit22\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25834","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b07668","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit23\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1021\/am100154e","volume":"2","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit24\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201002117","volume":"21","author":"Tang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit25\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TB02951C","volume":"9","author":"Majak","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit26\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15890","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33565-x","volume":"8","author":"Currano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit27\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52118","DOI":"10.1039\/C7RA09832D","volume":"7","author":"Tao","year":"2017","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit28\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"034002","DOI":"10.1088\/2058-8585\/aad0cb","volume":"3","author":"Macchia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Flexible Printed Electron."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit29\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2015.07.064","volume":"74","author":"Kavosi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit30\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18470","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b01987","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit31\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2019.111561","volume":"143","author":"Wustoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit32\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5400","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TB01697F","volume":"6","author":"Gentili","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit33\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2868","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NR08453K","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit34\/1","author":"Demuru","year":"2019","unstructured":"S.Demuru ,  A.Marette ,  W.Kooli ,  P.Junier  and  D.Briand , presented in part at the 2019 20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems &amp; Eurosensors XXXIII (TRANSDUCERS &amp; EUROSENSORS XXXIII),  2019"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit35\/1","first-page":"68","author":"Macchia","year":"2017","unstructured":"E.Macchia ,  M.Ghittorelli ,  F.Torricelli  and  L.Torsi , Organic electrochemical transistor immuno-sensor operating at the femto-molar limit of detection, presented in part at the 2017 7th IEEE International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interfaces (IWASI),  Vieste ,  Italy ,  2017 ,  pp. 68\u201372"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit36\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-021-00734-9","volume":"5","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit37\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabg8387","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abg8387","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit38\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165502","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4966651","volume":"120","author":"Afonso","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit39\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orgel.2011.11.010","volume":"13","author":"Basiric\u00f2","year":"2012","journal-title":"Org. Electron."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit40\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33637","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33637","volume":"6","author":"Gualandi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit41\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14071","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b02698","volume":"8","author":"Hutter","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit42\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orgel.2019.06.012","volume":"73","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Org. Electron."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit43\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13335","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70365-8","volume":"10","author":"Bertana","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit44\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"014005","DOI":"10.1088\/2058-8585\/ab61c4","volume":"5","author":"Tarabella","year":"2020","journal-title":"Flexible Printed Electron."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit45\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7445","DOI":"10.1039\/D1MA00479D","volume":"2","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Adv."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit46\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1706757","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201706757","volume":"30","author":"Doris","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit47\/1","unstructured":"AlbertaHealthServices, Public Health Laboratory (ProvLab),  https:\/\/www.albertahealthservices.ca\/lab\/Page14605.aspx"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit48\/1","volume-title":"Bioconjugate techniques","author":"Hermanson","year":"2013","unstructured":"G. T.Hermanson ,  Bioconjugate techniques ,  Academic press ,  2013"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit49\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12701","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49185-y","volume":"9","author":"Stevenson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit50\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7270.2007.00320.x","volume":"39","author":"Kong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit51\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.06.067","volume":"81","author":"Walsh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit52\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa345","volume":"71","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit53\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19057-5","volume":"11","author":"Fajnzylber","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit54\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30113-4","volume":"20","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit55\/1","volume-title":"Features, evaluation, and treatment of coronavirus (COVID-19)","author":"Cascella","year":"2022","unstructured":"M.Cascella ,  M.Rajnik ,  A.Aleem ,  S. C.Dulebohn  and  R.Di Napoli ,  Features, evaluation, and treatment of coronavirus (COVID-19) , Statpearls [internet],  2022 ,  https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK554776\/"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit56\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12100890","volume":"12","author":"Cherusseri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit57\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xinn.2022.100303","volume":"3","author":"Kaushik","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Innovation"},{"key":"D2NR06485E\/cit58\/1","year":"2022","unstructured":"Antibodies-online.com, SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 antibody RBD,  https:\/\/www.antibodies-online.com\/antibody\/6952547\/anti-SARS-CoV-2+Spike+S1+RBD+antibody\/ ,  2022"}],"container-title":["Nanoscale"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2023\/NR\/D2NR06485E","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T04:36:07Z","timestamp":1782966967000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/nr\/article\/15\/11\/5476-5485\/777786"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d2nr06485e","relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-3364","2040-3372"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-3364","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-3372","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}