{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:04:58Z","timestamp":1791475498875,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":255,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing globally; however, effective preventive and therapeutic strategies are currently limited. Roxadustat is being clinically used to treat renal anemia in CKD patients to reduce anemia-related complications and improve patients' life quality. Exosomes are small vesicles carrying important information that contribute to cell-to-cell communication and are present in various body fluids. However, little is known about the role of serum exosomes and their association with CKD after roxadustat treatment. Next-generation sequencing approaches have revealed that exosomes are enriched in noncoding RNAs and thus exhibit great potential as sensitive nucleic acid biomarkers in various human diseases. In this study, we aimed to identify the changed mRNAs\u2013lncRNAs after roxadustat treatment as novel biomarkers for assessing the efficiency of the treatment. Through our study using RNA-seq data, we identified 957 mRNAs (626 upregulated and 331 downregulated after roxadustat treatment) and 914 lncRNAs (444 upregulated and 470 downregulated) derived from exosomes that were significantly changed, which was highly correlated to lipid metabolism. Our analysis through whole transcriptome profiling of exosome RNAs encompasses an identified differentially expressed mRNA\u2013lncRNA regulatory axis in a larger patient cohort for the validation of suitable biomarkers for assessing CKD after roxadustat treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p\/>","DOI":"10.1039\/d4mo00025k","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T10:19:22Z","timestamp":1742206762000},"page":"240-249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Transcriptome profiling of serum exosomes by RNA-Seq reveals lipid metabolic changes as a potential biomarker for evaluation of roxadustat treatment of chronic kidney diseases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ru","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) b , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital) a , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China \u00a0 echobbg@163.com \u00a0 xin.zhou2@qq.com \u00a0 +0755-25533018"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YaXuan","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) b , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital) a , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China \u00a0 echobbg@163.com \u00a0 xin.zhou2@qq.com \u00a0 +0755-25533018"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hualin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) b , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital) a , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China \u00a0 echobbg@163.com \u00a0 xin.zhou2@qq.com \u00a0 +0755-25533018"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) b , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital) a , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China \u00a0 echobbg@163.com \u00a0 xin.zhou2@qq.com \u00a0 +0755-25533018"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LiXia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) b , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital) a , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China \u00a0 echobbg@163.com \u00a0 xin.zhou2@qq.com \u00a0 +0755-25533018"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinzhou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) b , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital) a , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China \u00a0 echobbg@163.com \u00a0 xin.zhou2@qq.com \u00a0 +0755-25533018"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9282-9956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baochun","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) b , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People\u2019s Hospital) a , Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China \u00a0 echobbg@163.com \u00a0 xin.zhou2@qq.com \u00a0 +0755-25533018"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9888","key":"2026010813061779900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60687-X","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease: global dimension and perspectives","volume":"382","author":"Jha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026010813061779900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(96)90130-4","article-title":"The impact of anemia on cardiomyopathy, morbidity, and and mortality in end-stage renal disease","volume":"28","author":"Foley","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"2026010813061779900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h2258","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h2258","article-title":"Management of anaemia in chronic kidney disease: summary of updated NICE guidance","volume":"350","author":"Padhi","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026010813061779900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-020-00658-w","article-title":"Effect of Kidney Function and Dialysis on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Roxadustat, an Oral Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor","volume":"46","author":"Groenendaal-van de Meent","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"2026010813061779900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21197153","article-title":"A Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Stabilizer Improves Hematopoiesis and Iron Metabolism Early after Administration to Treat Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients","volume":"21","author":"Ogawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026010813061779900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105020","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of HIF prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor vs epoetin and darbepoetin for anemia in chronic kidney disease patients not undergoing dialysis: A network meta-analysis","volume":"159","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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Pharmacokinet."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026010813061779900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1080\/14737167.2020.1747436","article-title":"The efficacy and economic evaluation of roxadustat treatment for anemia in patients with kidney disea se not receiving dialysis","volume":"20","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Pharmacoeconomics Outcomes Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026010813061779900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.1c00217","article-title":"Potential Use of Exosomes as Diagnostic Biomarkers and in Targeted Drug Delivery: Progress in Clinical and Preclinical Applications","volume":"7","author":"Huda","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026010813061779900_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524019666190429144310","article-title":"Exosome: An Emerging Source of Biomarkers for Human Diseases","volume":"19","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Med."},{"key":"2026010813061779900_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41389-022-00431-5","article-title":"Exosomes and cancer-Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic vehicle","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oncogenesis"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026010813061779900_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.04.031","article-title":"Non-coding RNA in the wiring and remodeling of neural circuits","volume":"111","author":"Soutschek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026010813061779900_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2015.03.001","article-title":"RNA-RNA interactions in gene regulation: the coding and noncoding players","volume":"40","author":"Guil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. 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