{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T11:30:08Z","timestamp":1772969408799,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/rsc.li\/journals-terms-of-use"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004597","name":"University of Kalyani","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004597","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Candida albicans, an opportunistic and systemic infection causing fungus, causes skin, nail, and mucosal layer lesions in healthy individuals and hospital borne catheter-related and nosocomial infections. This particular fungus exists in two distinct stages in its life cycle: yeast and hyphae. In this study, 20 signaling pathways associated with 177 proteins from C. albicans were identified to construct a PPI network. The core part of the network consisted of 165 proteins. Network topology analyses revealed that the formed PPI network is biologically robust and scale-free, with significant interactions between proteins through 19\u2009252 shortest pathways. In this network, the top 10 hub proteins (RAS1, CDC42, HOG1, CPH1, STE11, EFG1, CEK1, HSP90, TEC1 and CST20) were identified using network analysis, which seem to be the most important proteins involved in different pathways for the development of pathogenesis and virulence. Modular analysis of the network resulted in top six sub-networks, three of which shared eight hub proteins. Ontology and functional enrichment analyses revealed that the majority of the proteins were associated with regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II, plasma membrane and nucleic acid binding in biological processes, and cellular components and molecular functions, respectively. Enrichment analysis indicated that the proteins were mostly involved in oxidative phosphorylation and purine metabolism signaling pathways. We determined the complex web of signaling pathway involving proteins via PPI network analysis to unravel and decipher protein interactions within C. albicans to understand the complex pathogenesis processes for targeted therapeutic interferences using novel bioinformatics strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p\/>","DOI":"10.1039\/d5mo00042d","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T03:03:31Z","timestamp":1746068611000},"page":"315-333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["PPI network identifies interacting pathogenic signaling pathways in\n                    <i>Candida albicans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7790-5973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepanjan","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani a , Kalyani 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India \u00a0 sahatanima@yahoo.co.in \u00a0 sahatanima@klyuniv.ac.in"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1988-8014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjib","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani a , Kalyani 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India \u00a0 sahatanima@yahoo.co.in \u00a0 sahatanima@klyuniv.ac.in"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paromita Saha","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani a , Kalyani 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India \u00a0 sahatanima@yahoo.co.in \u00a0 sahatanima@klyuniv.ac.in"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2273-1117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanushree","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani a , Kalyani 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India \u00a0 sahatanima@yahoo.co.in \u00a0 sahatanima@klyuniv.ac.in"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3632-2932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhasree","family":"Samanta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani a , Kalyani 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India \u00a0 sahatanima@yahoo.co.in \u00a0 sahatanima@klyuniv.ac.in"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1448-2517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amalesh","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani a , Kalyani 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India \u00a0 sahatanima@yahoo.co.in \u00a0 sahatanima@klyuniv.ac.in"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Katwa College b , Katwa, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal 713130, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0464-8771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Achintya Mohan","family":"Goswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Krishnagar Govt. College c , Krishnagar, Nadia, West Bengal 741101, India \u00a0 achintya02@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9529-160X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanima","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani a , Kalyani 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India \u00a0 sahatanima@yahoo.co.in \u00a0 sahatanima@klyuniv.ac.in"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2026012914044339000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e01916","article-title":"Network analysis of hyphae forming proteins in Candida albicans identifies important proteins responsible for pathovirulence in the organism","volume":"5","author":"Das","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026012914044339000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.41.042007.170146","article-title":"Genetics of Candida albicans, a Diploid Human Fungal Pathogen","volume":"41","author":"Noble","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. 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