{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:03:48Z","timestamp":1791345828101,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":46,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004504","name":"Lietuvos Mokslo Taryba","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S-LLT-25-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S-LLT-25-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004504","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["113B7021J4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113B7021J4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nanoscale Adv."],"abstract":"<jats:p>OLEDs are widely used in displays and lighting, yet host material design for TADF systems remains limited. Here, a carbazole\u2013benzocarbazole derivative, BCCOX, is developed as an efficient host for green TADF OLEDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d5na01189b","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T13:20:53Z","timestamp":1771248053000},"page":"1992-2002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Carbazole\u2013benzocarbazole fragments having derivative as very efficient host material for TADF based OLEDs"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8429-297X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sushanta","family":"Lenka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Guangfu Rd, East District, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daiva","family":"Tavgeniene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Plentas 19, LT50254 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsuan-Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Guangfu Rd, East District, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3135-1535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayachandran","family":"Jayakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Guangfu Rd, East District, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5063-5720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dovydas","family":"Blazevicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Plentas 19, LT50254 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gintare","family":"Krucaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Plentas 19, LT50254 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Lin","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Guangfu Rd, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3346-7585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saulius","family":"Grigalevicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Plentas 19, LT50254 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9413-0206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jwo-Huei","family":"Jou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Guangfu Rd, East District, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit1\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1039\/C9QM00716D","volume":"4","author":"Zou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Front."},{"key":"D5NA01189B\/cit2\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119189978","volume-title":"Organic Light-Emitting Transistors: Towards the Next Generation Display Technology","author":"Muccini","year":"2016","unstructured":"M.Muccini  and  S.Toffanin ,  Organic Light-Emitting Transistors: Towards the Next Generation Display Technology ,  John Wiley & Sons ,  2016"},{"key":"D5NA01189B\/cit3\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.138881","volume":"451","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit4\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/15980316.2019.1688694","volume":"21","author":"Jeong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Inf. Disp."},{"issue":"7","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit5\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2720","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaelm.4c01959","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Electron. Mater."},{"issue":"21","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit6\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800831","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.201800831","volume":"6","author":"Xiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"issue":"20","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit7\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9047","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2019.2925638","volume":"19","author":"Chong","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit8\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3390\/nano15030199","volume":"15","author":"Lenka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"issue":"5","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit9\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1109\/TED.2017.2647964","volume":"64","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Electron Devices"},{"issue":"7","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit10\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1557\/JMR.2004.0275","volume":"19","author":"Sheats","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Mater. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit11\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1039\/D2QM01241C","volume":"7","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Front."},{"issue":"9","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit12\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.8b00174","volume":"51","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit13\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2018.20","volume":"3","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit14\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800570","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.201800570","volume":"40","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Macromol. Rapid Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit15\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901150","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.201901150","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"key":"D5NA01189B\/cit16\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.127591","volume":"420","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"6","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit17\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201609459","volume":"56","author":"Cui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"issue":"9","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit18\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200902236","volume":"20","author":"Ma","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"D5NA01189B\/cit19\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orgel.2018.04.034","volume":"59","author":"Ahn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Org. Electron."},{"key":"D5NA01189B\/cit20\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlumin.2018.03.003","volume":"199","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Lumin."},{"issue":"21","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit21\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6545","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202100036","volume":"27","author":"Wright","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem.\u2013Eur. J."},{"issue":"34","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit22\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8622","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TC02156A","volume":"5","author":"Wex","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"key":"D5NA01189B\/cit23\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.synthmet.2025.117971","volume":"16","author":"Lenka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Synth. Met."},{"issue":"21","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit24\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0032-3861(02)00466-4","volume":"43","author":"Grigalevicius","year":"2002","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"issue":"1","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit25\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-6030(03)00346-0","volume":"162","author":"Balionyte","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., A"},{"issue":"7","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit26\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29071672","volume":"29","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit27\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochem.2005.03.002","volume":"174","author":"Blazys","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., A"},{"issue":"9","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit28\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1002\/pi.2443","volume":"57","author":"Stanionyte","year":"2008","journal-title":"Polym. Int."},{"issue":"18","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit29\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6188","DOI":"10.1039\/c2ra22770c","volume":"3","author":"Turak","year":"2013","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"issue":"25","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit30\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807275","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201807275","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"11","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit31\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2009.12.099","volume":"256","author":"Pan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit32\/1","first-page":"032002","volume":"4","author":"Shinar","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Photonics"},{"issue":"5","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit33\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2012.02.021","volume":"16","author":"Kalyani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev."},{"issue":"11","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit34\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4892","DOI":"10.3390\/ma3114892","volume":"3","author":"Klein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Materials"},{"issue":"3","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit35\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/eem2.12218","volume":"4","author":"Shao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Mater."},{"issue":"44","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit36\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7236","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201501090","volume":"27","author":"Nikolaenko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"24","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit37\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6054","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TC01659J","volume":"5","author":"Lo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"issue":"4","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit38\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1039\/D2TC04820E","volume":"11","author":"Nagar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"issue":"7086","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit39\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04645","volume":"440","author":"Sun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit40\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"031410","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0093704","volume":"9","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Rev."},{"key":"D5NA01189B\/cit41\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2023.111931","volume":"222","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dyes Pigm."},{"issue":"7","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit42\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.2c03914","volume":"14","author":"Lei","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit43\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2104073","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202104073","volume":"18","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"25","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit44\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9888","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201916729","volume":"59","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"issue":"19","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit45\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200904056","volume":"22","author":"Yuan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit46\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TC03449F","volume":"12","author":"Rana","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"issue":"21","key":"D5NA01189B\/cit47\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13219","DOI":"10.1039\/D5NR00588D","volume":"17","author":"Behera","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nanoscale"}],"container-title":["Nanoscale Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2026\/NA\/D5NA01189B","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T18:23:25Z","timestamp":1783448605000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/na\/article\/8\/6\/1992-2002\/898356"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d5na01189b","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D5NA01189B\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D5NA01189B\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D5NA01189B\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D5NA01189B\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D5NA01189B\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D5NA01189B\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D5NA01189B\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2516-0230"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2516-0230","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}