{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T08:40:39Z","timestamp":1789548039955,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":129,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":64,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019491","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China \u2013 State Grid Corporation Joint Fund for Smart Grid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52272222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52272222"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010029","name":"Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["tsqn201909114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010029","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010029","name":"Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["tsqn201909123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010029","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chem. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study shows that by precisely regulating local physicochemical conditions, spatial confinement, and external field assistance, the synthesis of nanomaterials is transformed from macroscopic mixing to microscopic precise control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d5sc08395h","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T14:36:33Z","timestamp":1772807793000},"page":"6261-6282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Microenvironment regulation in nanomaterial synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shuyi","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanduo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxia","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hangkai","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongdong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5517-4486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingqi","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3217-692X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianping","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7275-4846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit1\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1038\/198883b0","volume":"198","author":"Grubb","year":"1963","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit2\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2048-8","volume":"579","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit3\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1038\/451528a","volume":"451","author":"Crocker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit4\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17125","DOI":"10.1038\/nenergy.2017.125","volume":"2","author":"Kittner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Energy"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit5\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16023","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.23","volume":"1","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit6\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19763","volume":"539","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit7\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2106715","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202106715","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit8\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006939","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202006939","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit9\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CS00352J","volume":"52","author":"Pei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit10\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2020.100686","volume":"114","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit11\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-023-01600-6","volume":"22","author":"Domr\u00f6se","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit12\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06602-7","volume":"622","author":"Chlouba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit13\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4614","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CS00537C","volume":"46","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit14\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2023.101187","volume":"139","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit15\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esci.2022.07.003","volume":"2","author":"Ryan","year":"2022","journal-title":"eScience"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit16\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19313","volume":"537","author":"Darling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit17\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03355-z","volume":"591","author":"Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit18\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2021.05.017","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit19\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2277","volume":"7","author":"Xia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit20\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadw1922","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adw1922","volume":"387","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit21\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17412","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201909241","volume":"58","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit22\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36274-w","volume":"14","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit23\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2303502","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202303502","volume":"36","author":"Yimam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit24\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2419349","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202419349","volume":"37","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit25\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10983","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00731","volume":"116","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit26\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-023-01179-2","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano-Micro Lett."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit27\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8349","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-52609-7","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit28\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208995","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202208995","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit29\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11348","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.4c00276","volume":"124","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit30\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aam5852","volume":"356","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit31\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1899-3","volume":"577","author":"Oh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit32\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2275-z","volume":"581","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit33\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202211216","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202211216","volume":"61","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit34\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203320","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202203320","volume":"34","author":"Qu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit35\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adf9082","volume":"380","author":"Muravev","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit36\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06689-y","volume":"623","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit37\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-025-01395-6","volume":"8","author":"Geng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Catal."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit38\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5437","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19277-9","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit39\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404278","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202404278","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit40\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2502741","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202502741","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit41\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08685-w","volume":"640","author":"Lian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit42\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5822","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41397-1","volume":"14","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit43\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2301383","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202301383","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit44\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15965","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c02823","volume":"146","author":"Dindo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit45\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-025-02168-z","volume":"24","author":"Nie","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit46\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esci.2025.100398","volume":"5","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"eScience"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit47\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e07559","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202507559","volume":"37","author":"Teixeira do Nascimento","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit48\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09102-y","volume":"643","author":"Xiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit49\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3988","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201310977","volume":"53","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit50\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201409878","volume":"54","author":"Pal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit51\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9026","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201602878","volume":"55","author":"Baddour","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit52\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9976","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201712568","volume":"57","author":"Pieber","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit53\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202422953","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202422953","volume":"64","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit54\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2022.121431","volume":"312","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Catal., B"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit55\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2025.104562","volume":"82","author":"Energy Storage Mater.Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Energy Storage Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit56\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300946","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202300946","volume":"13","author":"Lv","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit57\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE90005G","volume":"17","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit58\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202422183","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202422183","volume":"64","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit59\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202202330","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202202330","volume":"61","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit60\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202503108","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202503108","volume":"64","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit61\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202318360","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202318360","volume":"63","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit62\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202423799","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202423799","volume":"64","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit63\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5793","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00362D","volume":"44","author":"Stark","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit64\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2022.214794","volume":"473","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit65\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904496","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201904496","volume":"31","author":"Qu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit66\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005268","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202005268","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit67\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21935","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202009180","volume":"59","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit68\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16309","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202009518","volume":"60","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit69\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22651","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c09726","volume":"144","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit70\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5871","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201600740","volume":"28","author":"Bui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit71\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adu3803","volume":"389","author":"Qin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit72\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esci.2025.100453","volume":"6","author":"Cheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"eScience"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit73\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-024-01654-w","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit74\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abd6749","volume":"370","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit75\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6024","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26290-z","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit76\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9640","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c17756","volume":"147","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit77\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2310591","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202310591","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit78\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2412551","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202412551","volume":"35","author":"Dou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit79\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1126\/science.ado7088","volume":"386","author":"Ondry","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit80\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9198","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c13568","volume":"147","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit81\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba8311","volume":"369","author":"Kamysbayev","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit82\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202414516","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202414516","volume":"64","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit83\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-56222-0","volume":"16","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit84\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202421554","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202421554","volume":"64","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit85\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abm2731","volume":"378","author":"Idrus-Saidi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit86\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao4249","volume":"358","author":"Zavabeti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit87\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01540-x","volume":"19","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit88\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2402747","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202402747","volume":"36","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit89\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa2951","volume":"348","author":"Hendricks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit90\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902964","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201902964","volume":"32","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit91\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404900","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202404900","volume":"36","author":"Duan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit92\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e06068","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202506068","volume":"37","author":"Tian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit93\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415882","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202415882","volume":"37","author":"Heck","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit94\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202410411","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202410411","volume":"63","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit95\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203171","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202203171","volume":"32","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit96\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201710888","volume":"57","author":"Benzigar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit97\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202314523","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202314523","volume":"62","author":"Wan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit98\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3896","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48160-0","volume":"15","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit99\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3235","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE06199C","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit100\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adl0920","volume":"384","author":"Shao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit101\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903750","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201903750","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit102\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14143","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202514143","volume":"36","author":"Zhong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit103\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14585","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c01415","volume":"147","author":"Lv","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit104\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2408285","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202408285","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit105\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2506905","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202506905","volume":"43","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit106\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500183","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202500183","volume":"37","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit107\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2402372","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202402372","volume":"14","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit108\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4018","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24322-2","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit109\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500360","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202500360","volume":"15","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit110\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202318338","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202318338","volume":"63","author":"Wen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit111\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esci.2025.100408","volume":"5","author":"Ahn","year":"2025","journal-title":"eScience"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit112\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2502205","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202502205","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit113\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2305375","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202305375","volume":"36","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit114\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8670","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE01093K","volume":"17","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit115\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707515","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201707515","volume":"30","author":"Wan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit116\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204166","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202204166","volume":"32","author":"Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit117\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2023.123579","volume":"343","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Catal., B"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit118\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202412821","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202412821","volume":"63","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit119\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13887","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201605909","volume":"55","author":"Tong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit120\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2414438","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202414438","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit121\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19884","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202007911","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit122\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208220","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202208220","volume":"35","author":"Kl\u00f8ve","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit123\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203168","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202203168","volume":"34","author":"Vargo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit124\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14541","volume":"521","author":"Ghahramani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit125\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa8415","volume":"349","author":"Jordan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit126\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-023-01251-x","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano-Micro Lett."},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit127\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadl5482","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adl5482","volume":"389","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit128\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24617","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c09147","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D5SC08395H\/cit129\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-020-00799-8","volume":"16","author":"Mitchell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."}],"container-title":["Chemical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2026\/SC\/D5SC08395H","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T18:21:49Z","timestamp":1782930109000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/sc\/article\/17\/13\/6261-6282\/1243712"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":129,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d5sc08395h","relation":{},"ISSN":["2041-6520","2041-6539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2041-6520","type":"print"},{"value":"2041-6539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}