{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T12:23:31Z","timestamp":1787574211515,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":160,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,6,24]],"date-time":"2027-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1813795200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":539,"URL":"http:\/\/rsc.li\/journals-terms-of-use"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013091","name":"Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. AA24263028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. AA24263028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013091","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82572670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82572670"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LMRZ26H200001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LMRZ26H200001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Analyst"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Applications for sample dispersion and digital PCR detection on wettable substrates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d6an00456c","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T23:23:21Z","timestamp":1782257001000},"page":"4878-4901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Developing digital PCR technologies based on wettable substrates"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"151","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8684-4243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huimin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Major New Drugs Innovation and Development, Targeting Theranostics Research Center of Guangxi Higher Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China"},{"name":"Zhejiang-Finland Joint Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Metabolism and Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingli","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Major New Drugs Innovation and Development, Targeting Theranostics Research Center of Guangxi Higher Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China"},{"name":"Zhejiang-Finland Joint Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Metabolism and Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7187-6286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feika","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang-Finland Joint Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Metabolism and Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongxiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Major New Drugs Innovation and Development, Targeting Theranostics Research Center of Guangxi Higher Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit1\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2023.05.022","volume":"33","author":"Gubu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. \u2013 Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit2\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2024.08.004","volume":"31","author":"Behrouzi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit3\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44461-y","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit4\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-025-00795-x","volume":"25","author":"Bruhm","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit5\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20240008","DOI":"10.1002\/SMMD.20240008","volume":"3","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Smart Med."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit6\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2022.114255","volume":"209","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit7\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2019.05.081","volume":"296","author":"Breveglieri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit8\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2024.118583","volume":"398","author":"Artner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit9\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-019-0218-x","volume":"16","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit10\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1080\/07388551.2021.1983757","volume":"42","author":"Fu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Biotechnol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit11\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02346-1","volume":"399","author":"Peeling","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit12\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23265-y","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit13\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.132","volume":"184","author":"Lei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit14\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116922","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2024.116922","volume":"270","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit15\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.13306","volume":"121","author":"Abouelnaga","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit16\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.164574","volume":"892","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit17\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-023-03004-2","volume":"137","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Legal Med."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit18\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3390\/bios6030041","volume":"6","author":"Bruijns","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit19\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2911733","volume":"243","author":"Smith","year":"1989","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit20\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.6.10.986","volume":"6","author":"Heid","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit21\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9236","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.16.9236","volume":"96","author":"Vogelstein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit22\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.3390\/bios13080821","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit23\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1039\/C1LC20582J","volume":"12","author":"Baret","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit24\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3821","DOI":"10.1039\/C6AN00164E","volume":"141","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit25\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3921","DOI":"10.1039\/D5LC00055F","volume":"25","author":"Trouchet","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit26\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120535","volume":"578","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit27\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1134\/S0026893323050059","volume":"57","author":"Kopylova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Biol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit28\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s40291-021-00562-2","volume":"26","author":"Olmedillas-L\u00f3pez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Diagn. Ther."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit29\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1039\/D2LC00814A","volume":"23","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit30\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2303398","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202303398","volume":"19","author":"Yin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit31\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2025.113919","volume":"214","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit32\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15969","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.4c00919","volume":"40","author":"Akuoko","year":"2024","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit33\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1039\/D0MH01293A","volume":"8","author":"Chi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Horiz."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit34\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100126","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202100126","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit35\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1098\/rstl.1805.0005","volume":"95","author":"Young","year":"1805","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit36\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7613","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201602350","volume":"28","author":"Neto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit37\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5217","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201502115","volume":"27","author":"Popova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit38\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16815","DOI":"10.1039\/D3RA01817B","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit39\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1986.051.01.032","volume":"51","author":"Mullis","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit40\/1","first-page":"157","volume":"7","author":"Nazir","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit41\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2999980","volume":"230","author":"Saiki","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit42\/1","first-page":"0","author":"Novakovic","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit43\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5872","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115872","volume":"22","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit44\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4922(02)02331-0","volume":"18","author":"Bell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit45\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7276","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.16.7276","volume":"88","author":"Holland","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit46\/1","first-page":"444","volume":"13","author":"Sykes","year":"1992","journal-title":"BioTechniques"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit47\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2016.09.082","volume":"90","author":"Cao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit48\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.046","volume":"8","author":"Mazutis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit49\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5827","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-015-8773-4","volume":"407","author":"Trypsteen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit50\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2633","volume":"10","author":"Hindson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit51\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12491","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00428","volume":"115","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit52\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63e","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.12.e63","volume":"28","author":"Notomi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit53\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e204","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040204","volume":"4","author":"Piepenburg","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit54\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2389","DOI":"10.1039\/D3LC00025G","volume":"23","author":"Choi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit55\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117741","volume":"288","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit56\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3225","DOI":"10.1039\/C4LC00248B","volume":"14","author":"Witters","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit57\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2022.114344","volume":"211","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit58\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"094502","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.99.094502","volume":"99","author":"Utada","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit59\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1039\/C7LC00006E","volume":"17","author":"Geng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit60\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8604","DOI":"10.1021\/ac202028g","volume":"83","author":"Hindson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit61\/1","unstructured":"QX200 droplet digital PCR system | bio-rad,  https:\/\/www.bio-rad.com\/zh-cn\/life-science\/digital-pcr\/qx200-droplet-digital-pcr-system , accessed December 2, 2025"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit62\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0103-140","volume":"9","author":"Stears","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit63\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20230031","DOI":"10.1002\/SMMD.20230031","volume":"2","author":"Yi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Med."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit64\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9833-3_16","volume-title":"Quantitative Real-time PCR","volume":"2065","author":"Laig","year":"2020","unstructured":"M.Laig ,  C.Fekete  and  N.Majumdar , in  Quantitative Real-time PCR , ed.  R. Biassoni  and  A. Raso ,  Springer New York ,  New York, NY ,  2020 , vol.  2065 , pp.  209\u2013231"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit65\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2023.115798","volume":"244","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit66\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9833-3_15","volume-title":"Quantitative real-time PCR","volume":"2065","author":"Broccanello","year":"2020","unstructured":"C.Broccanello ,  L.Gerace  and  P.Stevanato , in  Quantitative real-time PCR , ed.  R. Biassoni  and  A. Raso ,  Springer New York ,  New York, NY ,  2020 , vol.  2065 , pp.  199\u2013208"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit67\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904469","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201904469","volume":"16","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit68\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2022.340513","volume":"1233","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit69\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3490","DOI":"10.1039\/D4LC00265B","volume":"24","author":"Kasputis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit70\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3086","DOI":"10.1039\/D1LC00361E","volume":"21","author":"Lyu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit71\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1080\/10408347.2022.2042669","volume":"52","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit72\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1039\/C9LC01143A","volume":"20","author":"Yin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit73\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2024.343543","volume":"1337","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit74\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12176","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201200460","volume":"51","author":"Joensson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit75\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1039\/b715524g","volume":"8","author":"Teh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit76\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2021.04.025","volume":"201","author":"Long","year":"2022","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit77\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2010.06.036","volume":"350","author":"Holt","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit78\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23338","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-02535-1","volume":"11","author":"Jalili","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit79\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4182","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26846","volume":"93","author":"Kojabad","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit80\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12020058","volume":"12","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit81\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2018.08.056","volume":"1041","author":"Tripodi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit82\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2023.115489","volume":"237","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit83\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3153","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CS00915E","volume":"48","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit84\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1021\/ie50320a024","volume":"28","author":"Wenzel","year":"1936","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit85\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1039\/tf9444000546","volume":"40","author":"Cassie","year":"1944","journal-title":"Trans. Faraday Soc."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit86\/1","author":"Barthlott","unstructured":"W.Barthlott  and  C.Neinhuis"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit87\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22636","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NR05870B","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit88\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2024.103355","volume":"335","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit89\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12910","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c05267","volume":"16","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit90\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201204120","volume":"25","author":"Ueda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit91\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8101","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TB01382J","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit92\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200290020","volume":"14","author":"Feng","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit93\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1038\/432036a","volume":"432","author":"Gao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit94\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1039\/B612667G","volume":"3","author":"Zheng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit95\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17189","volume":"532","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit96\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200801782","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit97\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/35102112","volume":"414","author":"Farooqi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit98\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701403","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201701403","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit99\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1039\/c000037j","volume":"135","author":"Lien","year":"2010","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit100\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4124","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.8b05828","volume":"91","author":"Emslie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit101\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1039\/C0LC00394H","volume":"11","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit102\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2026.140500","volume":"414","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit103\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.109630","volume":"27","author":"Rai","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit104\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b09073","volume":"141","author":"Yen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit105\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6541","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.8b00115","volume":"90","author":"Vynck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit106\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022\/9895418","DOI":"10.34133\/2022\/9895418","volume":"2022","author":"Yong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ultrafast Sci."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit107\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125008","volume":"394","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit108\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12741","volume":"27","author":"Duncan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Implants Res."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit109\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7104","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15207104","volume":"15","author":"Fuchs-Godec","year":"2022","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit110\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings12060737","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Coatings"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit111\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2020.108237","volume":"199","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Composites, Part B"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit112\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6272","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c07570","volume":"98","author":"Feng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit113\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4125","DOI":"10.1039\/c3sm27514k","volume":"9","author":"Araki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit114\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2020.102141","volume":"278","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit115\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11576","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c18335","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit116\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6960","DOI":"10.1039\/D1AN01373D","volume":"146","author":"Mao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit117\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-025-00482-5","volume":"12","author":"Choi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nano Converg."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit118\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2017.08.026","volume":"99","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit119\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1039\/C6LC01305H","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit120\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1116\/1.2167077","volume":"24","author":"Bhushan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit121\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0424","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit122\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2025.103471","volume":"340","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit123\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6b03687","volume":"89","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit124\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2017.11.109","volume":"258","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit125\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2017.10.039","volume":"101","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit126\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.6b00370","volume":"50","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit127\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3564","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.1c00603","volume":"6","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit128\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2019.03.064","volume":"546","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit129\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5184","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cs35501b","volume":"42","author":"Tian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit130\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12020220","volume":"12","author":"Monne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit131\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39144","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b11552","volume":"10","author":"Chi","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit132\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.3390\/polym10111209","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit133\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3116","DOI":"10.1039\/D0AN00220H","volume":"145","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit134\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2024.116167","volume":"253","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit135\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3098","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c16862","volume":"13","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit136\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c05082","volume":"7","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit137\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10418","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b15415","volume":"9","author":"Decrop","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit138\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2849","volume":"11","author":"Marx","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit139\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6434","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0497149","volume":"76","author":"Matsubara","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit140\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2018.08.030","volume":"120","author":"Gou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit141\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2004.07.002","volume":"20","author":"Matsubara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit142\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17705","DOI":"10.1021\/ja2060116","volume":"133","author":"Shen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit143\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.3390\/mi16040407","volume":"16","author":"Xian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit144\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7167","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23137167","volume":"23","author":"Ho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit145\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4661","DOI":"10.1039\/D1LC00663K","volume":"21","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit146\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9551","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09551","volume":"5","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit147\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2301250","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202301250","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit148\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7576","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0709394","volume":"79","author":"Fan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit149\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2015.02.006","volume":"43","author":"Stahl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Hematol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit150\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34109","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0006374","volume":"14","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomicrofluidics"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit151\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"acssensors.5c03345","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.5c03345","author":"Kim","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit152\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2021.122589","volume":"233","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit153\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00542-025-05850-z","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microsyst. Technol."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit154\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17010235","volume":"17","author":"Nistal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit155\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4527","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1921281117","volume":"117","author":"Bian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit156\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10020278","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit157\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38832","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c07665","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit158\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.148465","volume":"481","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit159\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1039\/D2AN01631A","volume":"148","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"D6AN00456C\/cit160\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2025.07.033","volume":"27","author":"Reveles-Espinoza","year":"2025","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."}],"container-title":["The Analyst"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/AN\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1039\/D6AN00456C\/0\/D6AN00456C.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T11:36:58Z","timestamp":1787571418000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/AN\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1039\/D6AN00456C"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":160,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d6an00456c","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2654","1364-5528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2654","type":"print"},{"value":"1364-5528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}