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Commun."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In this work, catalytic, electrocatalytic, and photocatalytic CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    reduction processes, as the three most commonly studied transformative CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    utilization routes, are evaluated and compared for their future commercialization potential.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d6cc04226k","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:30:21Z","timestamp":1790843421000},"page":"21079-21108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transforming CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    : comparative analysis of catalytic, photocatalytic, and electrocatalytic conversion processes"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5735-3729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beyza","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University, Bebek, Istanbul, 34342, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0967-1188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P\u0131nar","family":"\u00d6zdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University, Bebek, Istanbul, 34342, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1282-718X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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