{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T17:36:04Z","timestamp":1786556164952,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"31","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":209,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["358944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["358944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Reactive oxygen species generated during inflammation can oxidize viral envelope lipids, with outcomes ranging from modulated infectivity to viral inactivation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d6cp01113f","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T09:06:53Z","timestamp":1785316013000},"page":"19290-19306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of viral membrane oxidation on SARS-CoV-2 spike protein transmembrane anchoring stability"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1954-2048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Ghasemitarei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MSP Group, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15600, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Gyurs\u00e1nszky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MSP Group, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15600, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikko","family":"Karttunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland"},{"name":"European Laboratory for Learning and Intelligent Systems (ELLIS) Institute Finland, Maarintie 8, 02150 Espoo, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3210-3181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tapio","family":"Ala-Nissila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MSP Group, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15600, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences and Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical Modelling, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit1\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3423","volume":"13","author":"Nathan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit2\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5589089","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5589089","volume":"2022","author":"Wieczfinska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longevity"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit3\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605908","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.605908","volume":"11","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit4\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058813","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1058813","volume":"2022","author":"Avila-Nava","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longevity"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit5\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2018.07.012","volume":"1861","author":"Schumann-Gillett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Biomembr."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit6\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13091371","volume":"13","author":"Ghasemitarei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit7\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1039\/C5SC02311D","volume":"7","author":"Van der Paal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit8\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6140","DOI":"10.1021\/la100657a","volume":"26","author":"Beranova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit9\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.1c00104","volume":"61","author":"Oliveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chem. Inf. Model."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit10\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.33696\/Signaling.6.132","volume":"6","author":"Korbelik","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Cell Signalling"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit11\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5944","DOI":"10.1021\/cr200084z","volume":"111","author":"Yin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit12\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003297","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003297","volume":"9","author":"Vigant","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit13\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.1c00853","volume":"62","author":"Ghasemitarei","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Chem. Inf. Model."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit14\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.127742","volume":"421","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit15\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0040325","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00403-25","volume":"91","author":"Amodeo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit16\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1080\/02786820600796590","volume":"40","author":"Tseng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci. Technol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit17\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00713-0","volume":"20","author":"Lamers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit18\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3000715","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000715","volume":"18","author":"Snijder","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit19\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15020280","volume":"15","author":"Burkova","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit20\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.138","volume":"19","author":"Harayama","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit21\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40046-x","volume":"14","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit22\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2851","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-020-02511-0","volume":"412","author":"Furse","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit23\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.0c01056","volume":"6","author":"Casalino","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Cent. Sci."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit24\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18310","DOI":"10.1039\/D3CP01692G","volume":"25","author":"Bagheri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit25\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9175","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c12543","volume":"147","author":"Xie","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit26\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4157(00)00016-2","volume":"1469","author":"Nagle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit27\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201305094","volume":"202","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit28\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00490-x","volume":"23","author":"Posor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit29\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4157(79)90012-1","volume":"559","author":"Cullis","year":"1979","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Rev. Biomembr."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit30\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4225","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.107.112565","volume":"93","author":"Wong-Ekkabut","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit31\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4884","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.5b02405","volume":"6","author":"Boonnoy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit32\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8490","DOI":"10.1021\/jp4040612","volume":"117","author":"Jarerattanachat","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit33\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5699","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CP08051K","volume":"19","author":"Boonnoy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Chem.\nChem. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit34\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cplett.2010.01.010","volume":"486","author":"Cwiklik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit35\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2016.03.031","volume":"1858","author":"Siani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit36\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2013.11.4457","volume":"106","author":"Mertins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit37\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2009.06.023","volume":"97","author":"Riske","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit38\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1039\/C4SM01478B","volume":"11","author":"Runas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit39\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2018.12.017","volume":"1861","author":"Tsubone","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Biomembr."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit40\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11166","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241311166","volume":"24","author":"Yordanova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit41\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6798","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.1c03238","volume":"38","author":"Elbaradei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit42\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c10132","volume":"146","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit43\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9991(77)90121-8","volume":"23","author":"Torrie","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Comput. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit44\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7128","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.0c04553","volume":"124","author":"Woo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit45\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8543","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c02394","volume":"143","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit46\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D370","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr703","volume":"40","author":"Lomize","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit47\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20945","volume":"29","author":"Jo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit48\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3586","DOI":"10.1021\/jp973084f","volume":"102","author":"MacKerell","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit49\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1063\/1.445869","volume":"79","author":"Jorgensen","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit50\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0263-7855(96)00018-5","volume":"14","author":"Humphrey","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mol. Graphics"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit51\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.softx.2015.06.001","volume":"1\u20132","author":"Abraham","year":"2015","journal-title":"SoftwareX"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit52\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7830","DOI":"10.1021\/jp101759q","volume":"114","author":"Klauda","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit53\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbi.2024.102813","volume":"86","author":"Brown","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit54\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8577","DOI":"10.1063\/1.470117","volume":"103","author":"Essmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit55\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1021\/ct700200b","volume":"4","author":"Hess","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Chem. Theory Comput."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit56\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3684","DOI":"10.1063\/1.448118","volume":"81","author":"Berendsen","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit57\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1063\/1.447334","volume":"81","author":"Nos\u00e9","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit58\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.31.1695","volume":"31","author":"Hoover","year":"1985","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A:At., Mol., Opt. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit59\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/00268970110089108","volume":"100","author":"Nos\u00e9","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit60\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7182","DOI":"10.1063\/1.328693","volume":"52","author":"Parrinello","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit61\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.540130812","volume":"13","author":"Kumar","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit62\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4655(95)00053-I","volume":"91","author":"Roux","year":"1995","journal-title":"Comput. Phys. Commun."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit63\/1","first-page":"932","volume":"1","author":"K\u00e4stner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.:Comput. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit64\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033583500002948","volume":"10","author":"Seelig","year":"1977","journal-title":"Q. Rev. Biophys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit65\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw563","volume":"33","author":"Buchoux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit66\/1","first-page":"71","volume":"4","author":"Chipot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.:Comput. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit67\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1021\/ct3008292","volume":"9","author":"Krivov","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Chem. Theory Comput."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit68\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126601","DOI":"10.1088\/0034-4885\/71\/12\/126601","volume":"71","author":"Laio","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rep. Prog. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit69\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12562","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.202427399","volume":"99","author":"Laio","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit70\/1","first-page":"826","volume":"1","author":"Barducci","year":"2011","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.:Comput. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit71\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21305","volume":"30","author":"Bonomi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit72\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1038\/s42254-020-0153-0","volume":"2","author":"Bussi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit73\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpc.2024.107190","volume":"307","author":"Ito","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biophys. Chem."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit74\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmgm.2021.108000","volume":"108","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mol. Graphics Modell."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit75\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6462","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.2c00395","volume":"62","author":"Kurki","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Chem. Inf. Model."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit76\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4775","DOI":"10.1039\/D4CP04802D","volume":"27","author":"Catte","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit77\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1080\/0968768031000104944","volume":"20","author":"Rawat","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Membr. Biol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit78\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796855","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.796855","volume":"12","author":"Palacios-R\u00e1palo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit79\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.4.2038","volume":"274","author":"Scheiffele","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit80\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3417","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14163417","volume":"14","author":"Bakillah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"D6CP01113F\/cit81\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biophys.36.040306.132643","volume":"36","author":"Andersen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct."}],"container-title":["Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/CP\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1039\/D6CP01113F\/0\/D6CP01113F.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T16:48:35Z","timestamp":1786553315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/CP\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1039\/D6CP01113F"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"31","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d6cp01113f","relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-9076","1463-9084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1463-9076","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-9084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}