{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T21:58:34Z","timestamp":1782943114798,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":89,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003151","name":"Nature et technologies","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003151","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nanoscale"],"abstract":"<jats:p>By using an innovative light-detecting semiconductor nanowire structure, we demonstrate a viable path for single physical artificial neurons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d6nr00513f","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T11:01:34Z","timestamp":1774954894000},"page":"9618-9625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nanowire photodetectors: path to single physical artificial neurons"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yunqiu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, 3480 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0E9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milad","family":"Fathabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, 3480 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0E9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Fazel","family":"Vafadar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, 3480 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0E9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0277-040X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Songrui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, 3480 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0E9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit1\/1","first-page":"1","volume":"25","author":"Krizhevsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit2\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","volume":"521","author":"LeCun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit3\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1126\/science.129.3354.962","volume":"129","author":"Harmon","year":"1958","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit4\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1109\/2.485891","volume":"29","author":"Jain","year":"1996","journal-title":"IEEE Comput."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit5\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0377-4","volume-title":"Interdisciplinary computing in java programming","author":"Wang","year":"2003","unstructured":"S.-C.Wang ,  Interdisciplinary computing in java programming ,  Springer ,  Boston, MA ,  2003"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit6\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1386","volume":"26","author":"Krogh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit7\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2727 e2723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.07.002","volume":"109","author":"Beniaguev","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit8\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.09.005","volume":"107","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit9\/1","first-page":"382","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Electron."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit10\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-023-01010-1","volume":"6","author":"Le Gallo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Electron."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit11\/1","volume-title":"Neurosciences","author":"Purves","year":"2009","unstructured":"D.Purves ,  et al. ,  Neurosciences ,  De Boeck Sup\u00e9rieur ,  2009"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit12\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3054","volume":"10","author":"Ohno","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit13\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13796","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.3c00527","volume":"123","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit14\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-022-00803-0","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Electron."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit15\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-022-00859-y","volume":"5","author":"Sarkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Electron."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit16\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01391-6","volume":"18","author":"Syed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit17\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28350","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5c00535","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit18\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1973.sp010273","volume":"232","author":"Bliss","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit19\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3406","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-08-03406.1993","volume":"13","author":"Zipser","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit20\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/9158","volume":"2","author":"Magee","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit21\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabq3101","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abq3101","volume":"8","author":"Seung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit22\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01379-2","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit23\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354002","DOI":"10.1088\/0022-3727\/43\/35\/354002","volume":"43","author":"Narukawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit24\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-374-5","volume-title":"Visual transduction and non-visual light perception","author":"Tombran-Tink","year":"2008","unstructured":"J.Tombran-Tink  and  C. J.Barnstable ,  Visual transduction and non-visual light perception ,  Springer Science & Business Media ,  2008"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit25\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7233192","volume":"212","author":"Fuster","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit26\/1","first-page":"3","volume":"144","author":"Reese","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit27\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadp5229","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adp5229","volume":"10","author":"Deng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit28\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)01050-4","volume":"36","author":"Baccus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit29\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14290","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c13186","volume":"18","author":"Vafadar","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit30\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16045","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.2c04117","volume":"5","author":"Vafadar","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit31\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500157","DOI":"10.1002\/pssa.202500157","volume":"23","author":"Vafadar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phys. Status Solidi A"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit32\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-023-02568-y","volume":"37","author":"Williams","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit33\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oftal.2016.11.019","volume":"92","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Mart\u00edn-Moro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit34\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-091718-014926","volume":"5","author":"Baden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit35\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pquantelec.2015.11.001","volume":"44","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog. Quantum Electron."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit36\/1","first-page":"1","volume":"116","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semicond. Semimetals"},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit37\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L797","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.34.L797","volume":"34","author":"Nakamura","year":"1995","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit38\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2302372","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.202302372","volume":"12","author":"Fathabadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit39\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101104","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5091517","volume":"114","author":"Hai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit40\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2014.308","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit41\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3825","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4825","volume":"5","author":"Kibria","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit42\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5509","DOI":"10.1021\/nl4030819","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit43\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245313","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.85.245313","volume":"85","author":"Zhao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit44\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"nwae306","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwae306","volume":"12","author":"Veeramuthu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Natl. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"D6NR00513F\/cit45\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4988","DOI":"10.1021\/acsphotonics.5c00820","volume":"12","author":"Pandey","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Photonics"}],"container-title":["Nanoscale"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2026\/NR\/D6NR00513F","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T21:27:41Z","timestamp":1782941261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/nr\/article\/18\/18\/9618-9625\/1244174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d6nr00513f","relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-3364","2040-3372"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-3364","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-3372","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}