{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T14:44:41Z","timestamp":1792593881653,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"46","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":279,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008127","name":"Universiti Malaysia Sarawak","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UNI\/F02\/VC-HIRG\/85516\/P12-01\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UNI\/F02\/VC-HIRG\/85516\/P12-01\/2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008127","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RSC Adv."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hybrid polymeric membranes are often evaluated in terms of flux, rejection, and antifouling performance, whereas their adsorption kinetics and equilibrium behaviour are commonly treated as secondary considerations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d6ra06520a","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T09:42:45Z","timestamp":1791452565000},"page":"60778-60799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Kinetic modelling and equilibrium behaviour of methylene blue adsorption in sequentially modified PVDF\/NC\/TiO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    \/carbon based hybrid membranes"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Anthonette","family":"James","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7151-0687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Rezaur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ervina binti","family":"Junaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calvin","family":"Jose Jol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9678-1759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murtala","family":"Namakka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit1\/1","author":"United Nations Environment Programme","unstructured":"United Nations Environment Programme ,  https:\/\/www.unep.org\/technical-highlight\/sustainable-fashion-take-centre-stage-zero-waste-day , accessed 9 July 2026"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit3\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rineng.2022.100678","volume":"16","author":"Oladoye","year":"2022","journal-title":"Results Eng."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit4\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2024.114749","volume":"12","author":"Acarer-Arat","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit5\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceja.2025.100991","volume":"25","author":"Al-Shaeli","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J. Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit6\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5166","DOI":"10.1007\/s10904-026-04176-1","volume":"36","author":"Namakka","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit7\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30411","DOI":"10.1039\/D4RA03507K","volume":"14","author":"Namakka","year":"2024","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit8\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-026-04776-3","volume":"21","author":"Rahman","year":"2026","journal-title":"Discover Nano"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit9\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2023.121383","volume":"323","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit10\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45880","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c13402","volume":"14","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit11\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9354","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.3c00400","volume":"62","author":"Zikalala","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit12\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-23879-6.00011-7","volume-title":"Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes in Water Treatment and Desalination","author":"Namakka","year":"2025","unstructured":"M.Namakka ,  Md. R.Rahman ,  N. bt M.Sa'don ,  M. K.Bin Bakri  and  A. Z.Sueraya ,  Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes in Water Treatment and Desalination ,  2025 ,  pp. 423\u2013446"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit13\/1","first-page":"100900","volume":"20","author":"Namakka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Nanotechnol., Monit. Manage."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit14\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2026.120205","volume":"631","author":"Raghav","year":"2026","journal-title":"Desalination"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit15\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaenm.3c00696","volume":"2","author":"Chavda","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Eng. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"D6RA06520A\/cit16\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.202506402","volume":"11","author":"Prajapati","year":"2026","journal-title":"ChemistrySelect"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit17\/1","first-page":"102654","volume":"29","author":"Rana","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Chem.: X"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit18\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-33643-0.00002-8","volume-title":"Smart Biocomposite Materials","author":"James","year":"2026","unstructured":"A. A.James ,  Md. R.Rahman ,  A. Z.Sueraya  and  M. K.Bin Bakri , in  Smart Biocomposite Materials , ed.  M. R. Rahman  and  M. K. Bakri ,  Elsevier , 1st edn,  2026 ,  pp. 101\u2013147"},{"issue":"6","key":"D6RA06520A\/cit19\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1177\/08927057231205451","volume":"36","author":"James","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit20\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2024.125973","volume":"413","author":"James","year":"2024","journal-title":"J.\nMol. Liq."},{"issue":"46","key":"D6RA06520A\/cit21\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202403521","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.202403521","volume":"9","author":"Shaik","year":"2024","journal-title":"ChemistrySelect"},{"issue":"6","key":"D6RA06520A\/cit22\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202301139","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202301139","volume":"17","author":"Tanos","year":"2024","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit23\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s43939-024-00097-3","volume":"4","author":"Sekwele","year":"2024","journal-title":"Discover Mater."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit24\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13876","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c00283","volume":"8","author":"Samoei","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit25\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.136012","volume":"307","author":"Hassan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit26\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31471","DOI":"10.1039\/D5RA04672F","volume":"15","author":"James","year":"2025","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit27\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.3390\/w13091327","volume":"13","author":"AlSawaftah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit28\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/BS.APMP.2025.12.001","volume-title":"Advances in Chemical Pollution, Environmental Management and Protection","author":"Ismail","year":"2026","unstructured":"U.Ismail ,  M.Namakka  and  M. R.Rahman ,  Introduction to recent development and future opportunities of graphene chemistry ,  Advances in Chemical Pollution, Environmental Management and Protection ,  2026 ,  10.1016\/BS.APMP.2025.12.001"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit29\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/BS.APMP.2026.02.010","volume-title":"Advances in Chemical Pollution, Environmental Management and Protection","author":"Namakka","year":"2026","unstructured":"M.Namakka ,  M. R.Rahman ,  A.Muhammad  and  S. M.Shuwa ,  Surface chemistry of graphene and its non-covalent interactions ,  Advances in Chemical Pollution, Environmental Management and Protection ,  2026 ,  10.1016\/BS.APMP.2026.02.010"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit30\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.3390\/nano15110782","volume":"15","author":"Baratta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit31\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57648","DOI":"10.1002\/app.57648","volume":"142","author":"Rahman","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit32\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2024.125973","volume":"413","author":"James","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mol. Liq."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit33\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7617","DOI":"10.1039\/D4MA00716F","volume":"5","author":"Rahman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit34\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31471","DOI":"10.1039\/D5RA04672F","volume":"15","author":"James","year":"2025","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit35\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2019.05.002","volume":"32","author":"Kudus","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. King Saud Univ., Sci."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit36\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7617","DOI":"10.1039\/D4MA00716F","volume":"5","author":"Rahman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit37\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.24200\/amecj.v8.i02.1012","volume":"8","author":"Jaber Ibrahim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Methods Environ. Chem. J."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit38\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28031081","volume":"28","author":"Haleem","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit39\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.51244\/IJRSI.2025.120500019","volume":"12","author":"Sangoremi","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit40\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16949","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-68105-3","volume":"14","author":"Zahakifar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit41\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2025.135987","volume":"383","author":"Rocky","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit42\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.3390\/w15061231","volume":"15","author":"Tran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit43\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cherd.2022.04.002","volume":"181","author":"Sivaranjanee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Res. Des."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit44\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inoche.2023.111298","volume":"157","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Commun."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit45\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cscee.2022.100239","volume":"6","author":"Jahan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Case Stud. Chem. Environ. Eng."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit46\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.122156","volume":"390","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit47\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2023.109559","volume":"11","author":"Abdul Rahman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit48\/1","first-page":"100265","volume":"10","author":"Abdul Rahman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater. Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit49\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nxmate.2026.101938","volume":"11","author":"Sen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Next Mater."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit50\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12121268","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Membranes"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit51\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24708","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c04988","volume":"14","author":"Yue","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit52\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.137005","volume":"282","author":"Ndeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit53\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.3390\/separations12080189","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Separations"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit54\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330810","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2024.1330810","volume":"12","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit55\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79091","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-27691-x","volume":"30","author":"Elfiky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit56\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2023.121416","volume":"376","author":"Vareda","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mol. Liq."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit57\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2879","DOI":"10.3390\/su15042879","volume":"15","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit58\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes11070508","volume":"11","author":"Lim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Membranes"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit59\/1","first-page":"129","volume":"19","author":"Baharudin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Microsc."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit60\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.35812\/CelluloseChemTechnol.2024.58.97","volume":"58","author":"Ykhlef","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cellul. Chem. Technol."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit61\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12030287","volume":"12","author":"Jaffar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Membranes"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit62\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bamboo.2025.100134","volume":"11","author":"Kuok","year":"2025","journal-title":"Advances in Bamboo Science"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit63\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jciso.2024.100123","volume":"16","author":"Trisnawati","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCIS Open"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit64\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.120421","volume":"302","author":"Lou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit65\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.3390\/gels11090721","volume":"11","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit66\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e15128","volume":"9","author":"Vitek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit67\/1","first-page":"100309","volume":"5","author":"Boruah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym. Technol. Appl."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit68\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.2c00611","volume":"123","author":"Solhi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit69\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/pol.20230558","volume":"62","author":"Pitcher","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit70\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231404","DOI":"10.3389\/fmats.2023.1231404","volume":"10","author":"Sanchez-Salvador","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Mater."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit71\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1007\/s10965-023-03828-x","volume":"30","author":"Bora","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Polym. Res."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit72\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2023.125285","volume":"330","author":"Gavabari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit73\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.045","volume":"204","author":"Holilah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit74\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1007\/s42114-026-01742-6","volume":"9","author":"Bohra","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit75\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2024.01.106","volume":"184","author":"Obayomi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit76\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3390\/pr14010013","volume":"14","author":"Kleut","year":"2025","journal-title":"Processes"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit77\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3989","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15193989","volume":"15","author":"Taweekarn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit78\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4329","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17174329","volume":"17","author":"Ren","year":"2024","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit79\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3789","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-023-05245-5","volume":"21","author":"Bhuyan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit80\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22573","DOI":"10.1007\/s13399-023-04397-1","volume":"14","author":"Hamidi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomass Convers. Biorefin."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit81\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cartre.2025.100507","volume":"20","author":"Al-Asadi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Carbon Trends"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit82\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2025.113855","volume":"400","author":"Bulavova","year":"2026","journal-title":"Microporous Mesoporous Mater."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit83\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11900","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39241-z","volume":"13","author":"Mohammadzadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit84\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3390\/polym18020233","volume":"18","author":"Shi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit85\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18432","DOI":"10.1039\/D4RA02962C","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit86\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2021.105776","volume":"9","author":"Erusappan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit87\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2023.10.217","volume":"51","author":"Tian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"issue":"47","key":"D6RA06520A\/cit88\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56257","DOI":"10.1002\/app.56257","volume":"141","author":"Sueraya","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"issue":"43","key":"D6RA06520A\/cit89\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57648","DOI":"10.1002\/app.57648","volume":"142","author":"Rahman","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit90\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2022.104387","volume":"16","author":"Aziz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arabian J. Chem."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit91\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2023.118387","volume":"421","author":"Exley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Powder Technol."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit92\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtchem.2026.103631","volume":"54","author":"Hu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mater. Today Chem."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit93\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7199","DOI":"10.1039\/D4MA00380B","volume":"5","author":"Dilamian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit94\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.3390\/separations12110322","volume":"12","author":"Bautista","year":"2025","journal-title":"Separations"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit95\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72446","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-27207-7","volume":"30","author":"Mohamat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit96\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19610","DOI":"10.1039\/D5RA02616D","volume":"15","author":"Deng","year":"2025","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"issue":"2","key":"D6RA06520A\/cit97\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9600018","DOI":"10.26599\/ECS.2025.9600018","volume":"1","author":"Rianjanu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environmental Chemistry and Safety"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit98\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.1c00142","volume":"37","author":"Bullen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit99\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7385541","author":"Ederer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adsorpt. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit100\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1007\/s10934-022-01347-6","volume":"30","author":"Eltaweil","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Porous Mater."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit101\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27852","DOI":"10.1039\/D4RA04147J","volume":"14","author":"Islam","year":"2024","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit102\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.125690","volume":"415","author":"Kong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit103\/1","first-page":"983","volume":"3","author":"Zubair","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Adv."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit104\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7516","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-026-12300-2","volume":"61","author":"Arias","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit105\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2824","DOI":"10.3390\/app15052824","volume":"15","author":"Tubon-Usca","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit106\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2025.131901","volume":"350","author":"Cesaro","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"D6RA06520A\/cit107\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s44316-025-00044-z","volume":"2","author":"Sulbaran-Rangel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Sustain. Mater."}],"container-title":["RSC Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/RA\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1039\/D6RA06520A\/0\/D6RA06520A.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T14:27:46Z","timestamp":1792592866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/RA\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1039\/D6RA06520A"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"46","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d6ra06520a","relation":{},"ISSN":["2046-2069"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-2069","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}