{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:55:10Z","timestamp":1790780110771,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"37","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":189,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Soft Matter"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cholesterol content, vesicle curvature and phospholipid saturation jointly regulate cholesterol redistribution, membrane packing and bilayer structure in nanoscale vesicles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d6sm00361c","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T06:04:39Z","timestamp":1783577079000},"page":"6238-6249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A coarse-grained molecular dynamics study of nanoscale phospholipid-cholesterol vesicles: curvature effects on cholesterol distribution and vesicle structure"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5173-2888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhibo","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH building, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7099-3402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M.","family":"Seddon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH building, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9496-4887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Bresme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH building, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit1\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1039\/f29767201525","volume":"72","author":"Israelachvili","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit2\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/349475a0","volume":"349","author":"Lipowsky","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit3\/1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/389627","volume-title":"bioRxiv","author":"Pinot","year":"2018","unstructured":"M.Pinot ,  S.Vanni ,  E.Ambroggio ,  D.Guet ,  B.Goud  and  J.-B.Manneville ,  Feedback between membrane tension, lipid shape and curvature in the formation of packing defects ,  bioRxiv ,  2018 , preprint 10.1101\/389627"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit4\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04396","volume":"438","author":"McMahon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit5\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00511-9","volume":"24","author":"Kozlov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit6\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201604003","volume":"214","author":"Jarsch","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit7\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.132","volume":"19","author":"Kaksonen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit8\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202206038","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202206038","volume":"222","author":"Mund","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit9\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.114454","volume":"128","author":"McMahon","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit10\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00746-8","volume":"25","author":"Gopaldass","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit11\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.125","volume":"19","author":"Van Niel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit12\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00460-3","volume":"23","author":"Van Niel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit13\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-024-01055-0","volume":"31","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit14\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-025-04330-5","volume":"16","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit15\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12520","volume":"94","author":"Miron","year":"2024","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit16\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12404","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12404","volume":"13","author":"Welsh","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit17\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-1973-11-1209","volume":"28","author":"Helfrich","year":"1973","journal-title":"Z. Naturforsch., C:J. Biosci."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit18\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2006.08.004","volume":"144","author":"Marsh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lipids"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit19\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2014.03.003","volume":"208","author":"Dimova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit20\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4457","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.71.11.4457","volume":"71","author":"Sheetz","year":"1974","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit21\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00257107","volume":"17","author":"Svetina","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur. Biophys. J."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit22\/1","first-page":"403","volume-title":"Handbook of Biological Physics","author":"Seifert","year":"1995","unstructured":"U.Seifert  and  R.Lipowsky ,  Handbook of Biological Physics ,  Elsevier ,  1995 , vol. 1,  pp. 403 \u2013 463"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit23\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2025.02.034","volume":"188","author":"Doktorova","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit24\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8038","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43892-x","volume":"14","author":"P\u00f6hnl","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit25\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10877","DOI":"10.1039\/c3sm51829a","volume":"9","author":"Kollmitzer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit26\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1039\/D4FD00184B","volume":"259","author":"Lipowsky","year":"2025","journal-title":"Faraday Discuss."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit27\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbi.2024.102832","volume":"87","author":"Deserno","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit28\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2025.06.026","volume":"125","author":"Yamada","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit29\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(85)90521-8","volume":"812","author":"Hope","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Biomembr."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit30\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes11110860","volume":"11","author":"Boban","year":"2021","journal-title":"Membranes"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit31\/1","first-page":"2931","volume":"233","author":"Uzun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J.:Spec. Top."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit32\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1039\/D4FD00196F","volume":"259","author":"Varma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Faraday Discuss."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit33\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3303","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2009.261","volume":"28","author":"Bhatia","year":"2009","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit34\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1039\/C3SM52522H","volume":"10","author":"Black","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit35\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600631","volume":"24","author":"Roux","year":"2005","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit36\/1","first-page":"56086","author":"Pr\u00e9vost","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Visualized Exp."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit37\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.137279","volume":"690","author":"Wennerstr\u00f6m","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit38\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6929","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SM00351E","volume":"19","author":"Zamaletdinov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit39\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13060926","volume":"13","author":"Lipowsky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit40\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-021-01098-3","volume":"18","author":"Souza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit41\/1","first-page":"237","volume-title":"Methods in Enzymology","author":"Ozturk","year":"2024","unstructured":"T. N.Ozturk ,  M.K\u00f6nig ,  T. S.Carpenter ,  K. B.Pedersen ,  T. A.Wassenaar ,  H. I.Ing\u00f3lfsson  and  S. J.Marrink ,  Methods in Enzymology ,  Elsevier ,  2024 , ch. 7, vol. 701,  pp. 237\u2013285"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit42\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.5c00755","volume":"11","author":"Pedersen","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Cent. Sci."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit43\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3151","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.2c00099","volume":"18","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Chem. Theory Comput."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit44\/1","volume-title":"A Practical Guide to Recent Advances in Multiscale Modeling and Simulation of Biomolecules","year":"2023","unstructured":"A Practical Guide to Recent Advances in Multiscale Modeling and Simulation of Biomolecules , ed.  Y. Wang  and  R. Zhou ,  AIP Publishing LLCMelville ,  New York ,  2023"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit45\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7160","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.4c02310","volume":"128","author":"Domanska","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit46\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbi.2024.102831","volume":"87","author":"Beiter","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit47\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2022.05.002","volume":"121","author":"Cino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit48\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14635","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.5c06531","volume":"42","author":"Deng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit49\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0263-7855(96)00018-5","volume":"14","author":"Humphrey","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mol. Graphics"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit50\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3137","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.4c02277","volume":"65","author":"Brasnett","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Chem. Inf. Model."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit51\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20945","volume":"29","author":"Jo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit52\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4486","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.5b00513","volume":"11","author":"Qi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Chem. Theory Comput."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit53\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.5b00935","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chem. Theory Comput."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit54\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2354","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.24895","volume":"38","author":"Hsu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit55\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.softx.2015.06.001","volume":"1\u20132","author":"Abraham","year":"2015","journal-title":"SoftwareX"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit56\/1","volume-title":"GROMACS 2024.1 Source code","author":"Abraham","year":"2024","unstructured":"M.Abraham ,  A.Alekseenko ,  V.Basov ,  C.Bergh ,  E.Briand ,  A.Brown ,  M.Doijade ,  G.Fiorin ,  S.Fleischmann ,  S.Gorelov ,  G.Gouaillardet ,  A.Gray ,  M. E.Irrgang ,  F.Jalalypour ,  J.Jordan ,  C.Kutzner ,  J. A.Lemkul ,  M.Lundborg ,  P.Merz ,  V.Miletic ,  D.Morozov ,  J.Nabet ,  S.Pall ,  A.Pasquadibisceglie ,  M.Pellegrino ,  H.Santuz ,  R.Schulz ,  T.Shugaeva ,  A.Shvetsov ,  A.Villa ,  S.Wingbermuehle ,  B.Hess  and  E.Lindahl ,  GROMACS 2024.1 Source code ,  2024 ,  https:\/\/zenodo.org\/doi\/10.5281\/zenodo.10721181"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit57\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2614(94)00397-1","volume":"222","author":"Beutler","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit58\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2013.06.003","volume":"184","author":"P\u00e1ll","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comput. Phys. Commun."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit59\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"014101","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2408420","volume":"126","author":"Bussi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit60\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114107","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0020514","volume":"153","author":"Bernetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit61\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5451","DOI":"10.1063\/1.469273","volume":"102","author":"Tironi","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit62\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7182","DOI":"10.1063\/1.328693","volume":"52","author":"Parrinello","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit63\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2319","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21787","volume":"32","author":"Michaud-Agrawal","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit64\/1","first-page":"98","volume-title":"MDAnalysis: A Python Package for the Rapid Analysis of Molecular Dynamics Simulations","author":"Gowers","year":"2016","unstructured":"R.Gowers ,  M.Linke ,  J.Barnoud ,  T.Reddy ,  M.Melo ,  S.Seyler ,  J.Doma\u0144ski ,  D.Dotson ,  S.Buchoux ,  I.Kenney  and  O.Beckstein ,  MDAnalysis: A Python Package for the Rapid Analysis of Molecular Dynamics Simulations ,  2016 ,  pp. 98\u2013105"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit65\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2011.37","volume":"13","author":"Van Der Walt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comput. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit66\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0686-2","volume":"17","author":"Virtanen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit67\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7387","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.3c00547","volume":"19","author":"Borges-Ara\u00fajo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Chem. Theory Comput."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit68\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.3934\/biophy.2023027","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"AIMS Biophys."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit69\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1039\/C5SM02769A","volume":"12","author":"Ahmadpoor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit70\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eml.2021.101174","volume":"43","author":"Chng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Extreme Mech. Lett."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit71\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6098","DOI":"10.1039\/D1SM00459J","volume":"17","author":"Keller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit72\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12714","DOI":"10.1021\/ja903529f","volume":"131","author":"Bennett","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit73\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5925","DOI":"10.1039\/D0SM00546K","volume":"16","author":"Carter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit74\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25562","DOI":"10.1021\/jp064931u","volume":"110","author":"Aittoniemi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit75\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00353a017","volume":"25","author":"Murari","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"D6SM00361C\/cit76\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1039\/C8SM01937A","volume":"15","author":"Ermilova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soft Matter"}],"container-title":["Soft Matter"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/SM\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1039\/D6SM00361C\/0\/D6SM00361C.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:00:54Z","timestamp":1790776854000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/SM\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1039\/D6SM00361C"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"37","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d6sm00361c","relation":{},"ISSN":["1744-683X","1744-6848"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1744-683X","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-6848","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}