{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T13:48:44Z","timestamp":1782222524690,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,6,4]],"date-time":"2027-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1812067200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":519,"URL":"http:\/\/rsc.li\/journals-terms-of-use"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Mater. Chem. B"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Genetic engineering reprograms bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) into modular bionanoplatforms. Surface, cargo, and membrane engineering empower these engineered OMVs for cancer immunotherapy, vaccines, targeted delivery, and diagnostics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/d6tb00650g","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T09:51:18Z","timestamp":1780566678000},"page":"7400-7411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetically engineered outer membrane vesicles as next-generation bionanomaterials for therapeutic and diagnostic applications"],"prefix":"10.1039","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xuyu","family":"Bian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215000 Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenhang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Taicang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Taicang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Suzhou, 215000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0917-9919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yumin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Biomaterial and Immunoengineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit1\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5920","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.1c00680","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit2\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114321","volume":"186","author":"Long","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Delivery Rev."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit3\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10515","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10515","volume":"7","author":"Roier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit4\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000382","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000382","volume":"5","author":"Bomberger","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit5\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00729-8","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit6\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103923","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202103923","volume":"33","author":"Hua","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit7\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206433","volume":"388","author":"Castilla","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit8\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1901229","volume":"382","author":"Ladhani","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit9\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.04.082","volume":"28","author":"van de Waterbeemd","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit10\/1","first-page":"1","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit11\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21780","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1905112116","volume":"116","author":"Irene","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit12\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36101-2","volume":"14","author":"Weyant","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit13\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22308-8","volume":"12","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit14\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3099","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0805532107","volume":"107","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit15\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2206200","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202206200","volume":"34","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit16\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2106307","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202106307","volume":"34","author":"Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit17\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaba2735","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba2735","volume":"6","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit18\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6160","DOI":"10.1007\/s11426-025-3114-6","volume":"68","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. China: Chem."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit19\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1021\/nn405724x","volume":"8","author":"Gujrati","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit20\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-025-02653-9","volume":"24","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Fact."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit21\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"EMBJ2021108174","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2021108174","volume":"40","author":"McMillan","year":"2021","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit22\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2416426121","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2416426121","volume":"121","author":"Benn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit23\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11220","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11220","volume":"7","author":"Turnbull","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit24\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1039\/D3MO00222E","volume":"20","author":"Swain","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Omics"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit25\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0029322","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00293-22","volume":"10","author":"Dhurve","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit26\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-023-00875-5","volume":"21","author":"Toyofuku","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit27\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.27965","volume":"119","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit28\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-025-02645-7","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signaling"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit29\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fmre.2021.11.032","volume":"2","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fundam. Res."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit30\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-021-00315-x","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit31\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9030229","volume":"9","author":"Palmieri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit32\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2024.02.137","volume":"663","author":"Bong","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit33\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0003222","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.00032-22","volume":"86","author":"Juodeikis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit34\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10020328","volume":"10","author":"Micoli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit35\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaau6977","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau6977","volume":"367","author":"Kalluri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit36\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10101578","volume":"10","author":"Kashyap","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit37\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-024-01201-6","volume":"56","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit38\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.3390\/v15051109","volume":"15","author":"Kheirvari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit39\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-021-00806-7","volume":"19","author":"Nooraei","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit40\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27041372","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit41\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4416","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21124416","volume":"21","author":"Mancini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit42\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1021\/acssynbio.4c00483","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Synth. Biol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit43\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-025-02908-5","volume":"25","author":"Varol","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Fact."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit44\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c05714","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit45\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3301","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.51988","volume":"11","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit46\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113682","volume":"155","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit47\/1","first-page":"e00597","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit48\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2025.101277","volume":"83","author":"Chai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Drug Resist. Updates"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit49\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00734-4","volume":"19","author":"Bullock","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit50\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.08.014","volume":"56","author":"Pittet","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit51\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-93425-4_3","volume-title":"Cell Membrane Engineering for Advancing Cell-Based and Nanotechnology-Based Therapies","author":"Rani","year":"2025","unstructured":"S.Rani  and  M. K.Khan , in  Cell Membrane Engineering for Advancing Cell-Based and Nanotechnology-Based Therapies , eds.  Z. Hussain  and  R. Pei ,  Springer Nature Switzerland ,  Cham ,  2025 , pp.  67\u201394"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit52\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70085","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70085","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit53\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70207","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70207","volume":"14","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit54\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18111669","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit55\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2017.09.016","volume":"26","author":"Gebauer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit56\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10050583","volume":"10","author":"Dean","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioengineering"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit57\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713669","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.713669","volume":"12","author":"Baeza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit58\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2109984","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202109984","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit59\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35296","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c11412","volume":"18","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit60\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2022.102585","volume":"45","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit61\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-44941-9","volume":"15","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit62\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2501565","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202501565","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit63\/1","first-page":"100172","volume":"3","author":"de Jonge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Microb. Sci."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit64\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0148424","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01484-24","volume":"12","author":"Kaur","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit65\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymben.2025.12.004","volume":"94","author":"Jiang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Metab. Eng."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit66\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2470","DOI":"10.1021\/acssynbio.4c00235","volume":"13","author":"Hoekzema","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Synth. Biol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit67\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3535","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-58676-8","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit68\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-57153-6","volume":"16","author":"Gong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit69\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369a","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2023.11.2255","volume":"123","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit70\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6958","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-51364-z","volume":"15","author":"Dehinwal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit71\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436352","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2024.1436352","volume":"12","author":"Torres-Vanegas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit72\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15033","volume":"22","author":"Batista","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit73\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.27239","volume":"117","author":"Ojima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit74\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s40259-023-00627-0","volume":"38","author":"Micoli","year":"2024","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit75\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19866","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c02541","volume":"19","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit76\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2400049","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202400049","volume":"11","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit77\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16698","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c03776","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit78\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70150","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70150","volume":"14","author":"Garling","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit79\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-025-01260-4","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"npj Vaccines"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit80\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113283","volume":"143","author":"Sharif","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit81\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16403","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-43762-y","volume":"13","author":"Rezaei Adriani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit82\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2933","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38679-z","volume":"14","author":"Ban","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit83\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2403460121","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2403460121","volume":"121","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit84\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2024.01.002","volume":"31","author":"Su","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Chem. Biol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit85\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03507-7","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit86\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioadv.2025.214552","volume":"180","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biomater. Adv."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit87\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-025-04175-0","volume":"74","author":"Fujikawa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit88\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70022","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.70022","volume":"30","author":"Subsomwong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit89\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13040753","volume":"13","author":"Okamoto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit90\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42808","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c04632","volume":"9","author":"Sz\u00f6ll\u0151si","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit91\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122320","volume":"302","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit92\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12645-023-00191-w","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Nano"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit93\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7185","DOI":"10.1039\/D2MA00420H","volume":"3","author":"Xue","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Adv."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit94\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22606","volume":"9","author":"Gurunathan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit95\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70194","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70194","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit96\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607578","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2025.1607578","volume":"12","author":"Mensitieri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit97\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-023-06504-x","volume":"16","author":"Alaei","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit98\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-023-01759-y","volume":"42","author":"Gencay","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit99\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70195","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70195","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit100\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-025-10573-8","volume":"17","author":"Amen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit101\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629090","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.629090","volume":"12","author":"Balhuizen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit102\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0170721","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01707-21","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit103\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-025-13460-y","volume":"109","author":"Preto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit104\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12454","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12454","volume":"13","author":"Vo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit105\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-025-01190-1","volume":"10","author":"Spinsanti","year":"2025","journal-title":"npj Vaccines"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit106\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5094","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-60271-w","volume":"16","author":"Weinberger","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit107\/1","first-page":"e70013","volume":"4","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"MedComm: Biomater. Appl."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit108\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106749","volume":"193","author":"Sadeghi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit109\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2403199","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202403199","volume":"36","author":"Xia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit110\/1","first-page":"e01379","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectrum"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit111\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2025.118202","volume":"188","author":"Esmaeili","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit112\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11773","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b08008","volume":"11","author":"Ke","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit113\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.7150\/ntno.51676","volume":"5","author":"Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanotheranostics"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit114\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17080990","volume":"17","author":"Verma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit115\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70145","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70145","volume":"14","author":"Humbert","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit116\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02312-w","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Signal Transduction Targeted Ther."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit117\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0498-z","volume":"25","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit118\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.20517\/evcna.2025.35","volume":"6","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Extracell. Vesicles Circ. Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit119\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5648","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41445-w","volume":"14","author":"Rath","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit120\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03922-w","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit121\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2418053","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202418053","volume":"37","author":"You","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit122\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.12.011","volume":"365","author":"Kuhn","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Control Release"},{"key":"D6TB00650G\/cit123\/1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70132","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70132","volume":"14","author":"Hassanzadeh-Barforoushi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"}],"container-title":["Journal of Materials Chemistry B"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2026\/TB\/D6TB00650G","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T13:01:28Z","timestamp":1782219688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/xlink.rsc.org\/?DOI=D6TB00650G"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d6tb00650g","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D6TB00650G\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D6TB00650G\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D6TB00650G\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D6TB00650G\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D6TB00650G\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1039\/D6TB00650G\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2050-750X","2050-7518"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-750X","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-7518","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}