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The numerical results of forced, natural, and mixed convection are critically analysed. The forced convective heat transfer of nanofluids in both simple and complex geometries is reported. If properly interpreted, numerical simulation can serve as an effective method to investigate the thermal convection performance of nanofluids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/9781839166457-00335","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T09:40:06Z","timestamp":1671615606000},"page":"335-365","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Numerical Development of the Thermal Convection Characteristics of Nanofluids"],"prefix":"10.1039","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Ajeeb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IDMEC, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal"}]},{"given":"J. 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