{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T04:07:40Z","timestamp":1746245260054,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9781839164071"},{"type":"print","value":"9781839164071"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9781839167652"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9781839167645"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>With increasing demand for renewable energy and fuels there is much interest in solar thermochemical fuel production (STFP), the use of concentrated solar power (CSP) to power the splitting of water and carbon dioxide into H2 and CO for sustainable fuels. This is usually a two-step process: the reduction of a catalyst at high temperatures followed by oxidation at lower temperatures utilising CSP to provide the high reaction temperatures (up to 1500 \u00b0C). Since it was first explored as a solar-driven redox catalyst to split CO2 in 2010, there has been an increasing interest in cerium oxide as the catalyst for the solar-driven production of CO from CO2. This chapter looks at pure CeO2, and especially the effects of its stoichiometry on the redox process, as ceria will partially reduce from Ce4+ \u2192 Ce3+ to create CeO2\u2013\u03b4 with oxygen deficiencies (\u03b4). It also looks at the extensive work on the doping or substitution of ceria, which has been explored with a wide range of transition metal and rare earth ions, with particularly interesting results for tetravalent Hf4+ and Zr4+.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1039\/9781839167645-00332","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T11:10:12Z","timestamp":1671448212000},"page":"332-361","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Solar-thermal Catalytic CO2 Splitting"],"prefix":"10.1039","author":[{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Pullar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi (DSMN), Universit\u00e0 Ca\u2019 Foscari Venezia Via Torino 155 30172 Venezia Mestre Venezia (VE) robertcarlyle.pullar@unive.it","place":["Italy"]}]}],"member":"292","reference":[{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2010.07.014","article-title":"Sustainable hydrocarbon fuels by recycling CO2 and H2O with renewable or nuclear energy","volume":"15","author":"Graves","year":"2011","journal-title":"Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3241","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.5b00351","article-title":"Demonstration of the entire production chain to renewable kerosene via solar thermochemical splitting of H2O and CO2","volume":"29","author":"Marxer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4409","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201701507","article-title":"Beyond solar fuels: Renewable energy-driven chemistry","volume":"10","author":"Lanzafame","year":"2017","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"article-title":"Solar Fuels from Concentrated Sunlight","volume-title":"SolarPACES \u2013 Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems Implementing Agreement of the International Energy Agency","year":"2009","key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit4"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2012.03.057","article-title":"Comparison of thermochemical, electrolytic, photoelectrolytic and photochemical solar-to-hydrogen production technologies","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/0038-092X(77)90102-5","article-title":"Hydrogen production from water utilizing solar heat at high temperatures","volume":"19","author":"Nakamura","year":"1977","journal-title":"Sol. Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2014.04.025","article-title":"Oxygen exchange materials for solar thermochemical splitting of H2O and CO2: A review","volume":"17","author":"Scheffe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3276","DOI":"10.1021\/ie400193q","article-title":"Factors affecting the efficiency of solar driven metal oxide thermochemical cycles","volume":"52","author":"Siegel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2015.07.056","article-title":"Efficiency assessment of a two-step thermochemical water-splitting process based on a dynamic process model","volume":"40","author":"Lange","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2016.11.088","article-title":"A review of high temperature solar driven reactor technology: 25 years of experience in research and development at the Paul Scherrer Institute","volume":"188","author":"Koepf","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1349552","article-title":"Solar thermal processing: A review","volume":"123","author":"Fletcher","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Sol. Energy Eng."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2003.12.012","article-title":"Solar thermochemical production of hydrogen \u2013 a review","volume":"78","author":"Steinfeld","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sol. Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2011.11.023","article-title":"Advances in solar hydrogen production via two-step water-splitting thermochemical cycles based on metal redox reactions","volume":"41","author":"Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Renewable Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.09.039","article-title":"A review on solar thermal syngas production via redox pair-based water\/carbon dioxide splitting thermochemical cycles","volume":"42","author":"Agrafiotis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2015.10.026","article-title":"A review of solar thermochemical processes","volume":"54","author":"Yadav","year":"2016","journal-title":"Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2017.05.084","article-title":"Particle reactors for solar thermochemical processes","volume":"156","author":"Kodama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sol. Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.09.072","article-title":"Syngas production via solar-driven chemical looping methane reforming from redox cycling of ceria porous foam in a volumetric solar reactor","volume":"356","author":"Chuayboon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"8","key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6654","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.6b01265","article-title":"Demonstration of a Solar Reactor for Carbon Dioxide Splitting via the Isothermal Ceria Redox Cycle and Practical Implications","volume":"30","author":"Hathaway","year":"2016","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1021\/ef060581z","article-title":"Rotary-Type Solar Reactor for Solar Hydrogen Production with Two-step Water Splitting Process","volume":"21","author":"Kaneko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1197834","article-title":"High-flux solar-driven thermochemical dissociation of CO2 and H2O using nonstoichiometric ceria","volume":"330","author":"Chueh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1149\/2.F06134if","article-title":"Design of materials for solar-driven fuel production by metal-oxide thermochemical cycles","volume":"22","author":"Allendorf","year":"2013","journal-title":"Electrochem. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24104","DOI":"10.1021\/jp4050572","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, and thermochemical redox performance of Hf4+, Zr4+, and Sc3+ doped ceria for splitting CO2","volume":"117","author":"Scheffe","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2014.03.214","article-title":"Advancing oxide materials for thermochemical production of solar fuels","volume":"49","author":"Miller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energy Procedia"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jssc.2015.12.018","article-title":"Generation of H2 and CO by solar thermochemical splitting of H2O and CO2 by employing metal oxides","volume":"242","author":"Rao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Solid State Chem."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2017.05.032","article-title":"Advances and trends in redox materials for solar thermochemical fuel production","volume":"156","author":"Carrillo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sol. Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.15501","article-title":"Splitting CO2 with a ceria-based redox cycle in a solar-driven thermogravimetric analyzer","volume":"63","author":"Takacs","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIChE J."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2015.10.026","article-title":"Oxygen nonstoichiometry, defect equilibria, and thermodynamic characterization of LaMnO3 perovskites with Ca\/Sr A-site and Al B-site doping","volume":"103","author":"Takacs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Mater."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2015.03.152","article-title":"Thermochemical redox cycles over Ce-based oxides","volume":"69","author":"Lorentzou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Procedia"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5216","DOI":"10.1021\/jp500755t","article-title":"Diffusion of oxygen in ceria at elevated temperatures and its application to H2O\/CO2 splitting thermochemical redox cycles","volume":"118","author":"Ackermann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(99)00318-5","article-title":"Physical, chemical and electrochemical properties of pure and doped ceria","volume":"129","author":"Mogensen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Solid State Ionics"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2005.12.005","article-title":"Thermochemical hydrogen production from a two-step solar-driven water-splitting cycle based on cerium oxides","volume":"80","author":"Abanades","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sol. Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3269","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2010.0114","article-title":"A thermochemical study of ceria: Exploiting an old material for new modes of energy conversion and CO2 mitigation","volume":"368","author":"Chueh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc., A"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2018.04.080","article-title":"A decade of ceria based solar thermochemical H2O\/CO2 splitting cycle","volume":"44","author":"Bhosale","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2019.00601","article-title":"A Review of Solar Thermochemical CO2 Splitting Using Ceria-Based Ceramics With Designed Morphologies and Microstructures","volume":"7","author":"Pullar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"article-title":"Effective heat and mass transport properties of anisotropic porous ceria for solar thermochemical fuel generation","volume-title":"Conference Proceedings 2010 AIChE Annual Meeting","year":"7\u201312  2010","key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit35"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.3390\/ma5010192","article-title":"Effective Heat and Mass Transport Properties of Anisotropic Porous Ceria for Solar Thermochemical Fuel Generation","volume":"5","author":"Haussener","year":"2012","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2005.12.005","article-title":"Thermochemical hydrogen production from a two-step solar-driven water-splitting cycle based on cerium oxides","volume":"80","author":"Abanades","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sol. Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5849","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CP05742B","article-title":"Surface controlled reduction kinetics of nominally undoped polycrystalline CeO2","volume":"17","author":"Knoblauch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10503","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CP01172D","article-title":"Thermochemical CO2 splitting via redox cycling of ceria reticulated foam structures with dual-scale porosities","volume":"16","author":"Furler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7051","DOI":"10.1021\/ef3013757","article-title":"Solar thermochemical CO2 splitting utilizing a reticulated porous ceria redox system","volume":"26","author":"Furler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1021\/ie402620k","article-title":"Thermal reduction of ceria within an aerosol reactor for H2O and CO2 splitting","volume":"53","author":"Scheffe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1006\/jcat.1996.0373","article-title":"Modification of the redox behaviour of CeO2 induced by structural doping with ZrO2","volume":"164","author":"Fornasiero","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Catal."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4836","DOI":"10.1021\/ef200972r","article-title":"CO2 and H2O splitting for thermochemical production of solar fuels using nonstoichiometric ceria and ceria\/zirconia solid solutions","volume":"25","author":"Le Gal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2015.09.073","article-title":"The effect of dopants on the redox performance, microstructure and phase formation of ceria","volume":"300","author":"Bonk","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24129","DOI":"10.1021\/jp406578z","article-title":"Analytical model of CeO2 oxidation and reduction","volume":"117","author":"Bulfin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16452","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.5b03464","article-title":"Kinetics of CO2 reduction over nonstoichiometric ceria","volume":"119","author":"Ackermann","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2018.02.015","article-title":"Reactivity of Ni, Cr and Zr doped ceria in CO2 splitting for CO production via two-step thermochemical cycle","volume":"43","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfrep.2014.12.001","article-title":"The surface chemistry of cerium oxide","volume":"70","author":"Mullins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surf. Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1107\/S0567739476001551","article-title":"Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides","volume":"32","author":"Shannon","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr., Sect. A"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4163","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-010-4506-4","article-title":"Investigation of reactive cerium-based oxides for H2 production by thermochemical two-step water-splitting","volume":"45","author":"Abanades","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2011.01.078","article-title":"Catalytic investigation of ceria-zirconia solid solutions for solar hydrogen production","volume":"36","author":"Le Gal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6929","DOI":"10.1021\/jp508959y","article-title":"Ceria doped with zirconium and lanthanide oxides to enhance solar thermochemical production of fuels","volume":"119","author":"Call","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13516","DOI":"10.1021\/jp302146c","article-title":"Dopant incorporation in ceria for enhanced water-splitting activity during solar thermochemical hydrogen generation","volume":"116","author":"Le Gal","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4236\/ajac.2013.410A1005","article-title":"Thermogravimetric analysis of zirconia-doped ceria for thermochemical production of solar fuel","volume":"4","author":"Call","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2012.06.068","article-title":"CO2 splitting by thermo-chemical looping based on ZrxCe1xO2 oxygen carriers for synthetic fuel generation","volume":"102","author":"Abanades","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-015-9534-7","article-title":"Two-step thermochemical looping using modified ceria-based materials for splitting CO2","volume":"51","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7813","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CP04916K","article-title":"Oxygen nonstoichiometry and thermodynamic characterization of Zr doped ceria in the 1573\u20131773 K temperature range","volume":"17","author":"Takacs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.11.032","article-title":"Reticulated porous ceria undergoing thermochemical reduction with high-flux irradiation","volume":"107","author":"Ackermann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.5b08729","article-title":"Oxidation and Reduction Reaction Kinetics of Mixed Cerium Zirconium Oxides","volume":"120","author":"Bulfin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16456","DOI":"10.1039\/C4RA01242A","article-title":"Understanding the solar-driven reduction of CO2 on doped ceria","volume":"4","author":"Ramos-Fernandez","year":"2014","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9889","DOI":"10.1021\/jp101939v","article-title":"Modulated CO Oxidation Activity of M-Doped Ceria (M = Cu, Ti, Zr, and Tb): Role of the Pauling Electronegativity of M","volume":"114","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19901","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA04063F","article-title":"Trends in the phase stability and thermochemical oxygen exchange of ceria doped with potentially tetravalent metals","volume":"5","author":"Jacot","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5807","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA10966K","article-title":"Reactive stability of promising scalable doped ceria materials for thermochemical two-step CO2 dissociation","volume":"6","author":"Jacot","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2016.02.100","article-title":"Assessment of CexZryHfzO2 based oxides as potential solar thermochemical CO2 splitting materials","volume":"42","author":"Bhosale","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2013.10.021","article-title":"Thermochemical CO2 splitting reaction with CexM1xO2d (M = Ti4+, Sn4+, Hf4+, Zr4+, La3+, Y3+ and Sm3+) solid solutions","volume":"99","author":"Jiang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sol. Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2015.06.041","article-title":"Investigation of long term reactive stability of ceria for use in solar thermochemical cycles","volume":"89","author":"Rhodes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174119","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.76.174119","article-title":"Theoretical study of CeO2 doped with tetravalent ions","volume":"76","author":"Andersson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5363","DOI":"10.1021\/cm061374f","article-title":"Evidence for entropy effects in the reduction of ceria\u2013zirconia solutions","volume":"18","author":"Shah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15578","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA04000H","article-title":"Principles of doping ceria for the solar thermochemical redox splitting of H2O and CO2","volume":"5","author":"Muhich","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2017.11.022","article-title":"Mimicking tetravalent dopant behavior using paired charge compensating dopants to improve the redox performance of ceria for thermochemically splitting H2O and CO2","volume":"144","author":"Muhich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Mater."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1021\/ef201875v","article-title":"Thermodynamic Analysis of Cerium-Based Oxides for Solar Thermochemical Fuel Production","volume":"26","author":"Scheffe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2559","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CE00430J","article-title":"Zn-modified ceria as a redox material for thermochemical H2O and CO2 splitting: effect of secondary ZnO phase on its thermochemical activity","volume":"28","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"CrystEngComm"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5583","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ra45595e","article-title":"Enhanced thermochemical CO2 splitting over Mg- and Ca-doped ceria\/zirconia solid solutions","volume":"4","author":"Kang","year":"2014","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2015.03.151","article-title":"Rh-doped ceria: solar organics from H2O, CO2 and sunlight?","volume":"69","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Procedia"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18878","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ra43742f","article-title":"CO2 splitting via two step thermochemical reactions over doped ceria\/zirconia solid solutions","volume":"3","author":"Kang","year":"2013","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2016.01.042","article-title":"Sol\u2013gel derived CeO2\u2013Fe2O3 nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization and solar thermochemical application","volume":"42","author":"Bhosale","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit77","first-page":"40","article-title":"Improving the ceria-mediated water and carbon dioxide splitting through the addition of chromium","volume":"537","author":"Mostrou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr., Sect. A"},{"key":"2025050209445440700_BK9781839164071-00332-cit78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1021\/cm9013305","article-title":"Ce0.67Cr0.33O2.11: A New Low-Temperature O2 Evolution Material and H2 Generation Catalyst by Thermochemical Splitting of Water","volume":"22","author":"Singh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."}],"container-title":["Chemical Valorisation of Carbon Dioxide"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/books.rsc.org\/books\/edited-volume\/chapter-pdf\/1728831\/bk9781839164071-00332.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T13:50:25Z","timestamp":1746193825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/books.rsc.org\/books\/book\/2043\/chapter\/4670665\/Solar-thermal-Catalytic-CO2-Splitting"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"ISBN":["9781839164071","9781839164071","9781839167652","9781839167645"],"references-count":78,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/9781839167645-00332","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]}}}