{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T03:52:04Z","timestamp":1769745124716,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,8]],"date-time":"2015-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rsc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pathogens have developed sophisticated mechanisms of complement evasion such as binding to the host complement regulatory proteins (CRPs) on their surface or expression of CRP mimicking molecules. The ability of pathogens to evade the complement system has been correlated with pathogenesis and host selectivity. Hitherto, little work has been undertaken to determine whether Borrelia and Francisella exploit various CRPs to block complement attack. Seventeen Borrelia (twelve species) and six Francisella (three subspecies) strains were used to assess their ability to bind human, sheep and cattle CRPs or mimic membrane associated complement regulators. A series of experiments including affinity ligand binding experiments, pull-down assays and mass spectrometry based protein identification, revealed an array of CRP binding proteins of Borrelia and Francisella. Unlike Francisella, Borrelia strains were able to bind multiple human CRPs. Three strains of Borrelia (SKT-4, SKT-2 and HO14) showed the presence of a human CD46-homologous motif, indicating their ability to possess putative human CD46 mimicking molecules. Similarly, five strains of Borrelia and two strains of Francisella may have surface proteins with human CD59-homologous motifs. Among ovine and bovine CRPs, the only CRP bound by Francisella (LVS, Tul4 strain) was vitronectin, while ovine C4BP, ovine factor H and bovine factor H were bound to Borrelia strains SKT-2, DN127 and Co53. This study presents an array of proteins of Borrelia and Francisella that bind CRPs or may mimic membrane-CRPs, thus enabling multiphasic complement evasion strategies of these pathogens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p\/>","DOI":"10.1039\/c5mb00027k","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,8]],"date-time":"2015-04-08T07:04:21Z","timestamp":1428476661000},"page":"1684-1695","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/rsc_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Exploitation of complement regulatory proteins by\n                    <i>Borrelia<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Francisella<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Marian","family":"Madar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences b , 842 45 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy a , Komensk\u00e9ho 73 04181 Ko\u0161ice Slovakia bhidemangesh@gmail.com +421 915984604"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Bencurova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy a , Komensk\u00e9ho 73 04181 Ko\u0161ice Slovakia bhidemangesh@gmail.com +421 915984604"}]},{"given":"Patrik","family":"Mlynarcik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy a , Komensk\u00e9ho 73 04181 Ko\u0161ice Slovakia bhidemangesh@gmail.com +421 915984604"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 M","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ITQB \u2013 Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa d , Av. da Rep\u00fablica, 2780-157 Oeiras Portugal"},{"name":"IICT \u2013 Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica Tropical, CVZ-FMV c , Av. Univ. T\u00e9cnica 1300-477 Lisboa Portugal"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IICT \u2013 Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica Tropical, CVZ-FMV c , Av. Univ. T\u00e9cnica 1300-477 Lisboa Portugal"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"Bhide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy a , Komensk\u00e9ho 73 04181 Ko\u0161ice Slovakia bhidemangesh@gmail.com +421 915984604"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Pulzova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences b , 842 45 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy a , Komensk\u00e9ho 73 04181 Ko\u0161ice Slovakia bhidemangesh@gmail.com +421 915984604"}]},{"given":"Andrej","family":"Kovac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences b , 842 45 Bratislava, Slovakia"}]},{"given":"Ana V","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ITQB \u2013 Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa d , Av. da Rep\u00fablica, 2780-157 Oeiras Portugal"}]},{"given":"Mangesh","family":"Bhide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences b , 842 45 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy a , Komensk\u00e9ho 73 04181 Ko\u0161ice Slovakia bhidemangesh@gmail.com +421 915984604"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010815142721900_cit1","volume-title":"Complement Regulatory Proteins","author":"Morgan","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026010815142721900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2620","article-title":"Complement regulators and inhibitory proteins","volume":"9","author":"Zipfel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. 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Bakteriol."}],"container-title":["Molecular BioSystems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/molecular-omics\/article-pdf\/11\/6\/1684\/65469804\/c5mb00027k.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/molecular-omics\/article-pdf\/11\/6\/1684\/65469804\/c5mb00027k.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T20:23:30Z","timestamp":1767903810000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/molecular-omics\/article\/11\/6\/1684\/8324350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,8]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c5mb00027k","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-2051","1742-206X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-2051","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1742-206X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"This document is Similarity Check deposited","name":"similarity_check","explanation":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.crossref.org\/services\/similarity-check\/"},"group":{"name":"similarity_check","label":"SIMILARITY CHECK"}},{"value":"Supplementary Information","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C5MB00027K","name":"related_data","group":{"name":"related_data","label":"RELATED DATA"}},{"value":"The Royal Society of Chemistry has an exclusive publication licence for this journal","name":"copyright_licence","group":{"name":"copyright_licensing","label":"COPYRIGHT AND LICENSING"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":2,"name":"peer_review_method","group":{"name":"peer_review_method","label":"PEER REVIEW METHOD"}},{"value":"Received 10 January 2015; Accepted 8 April 2015; Accepted Manuscript published 8 April 2015; Advance Article published 27 April 2015; Version of Record published 19 May 2015","order":1,"name":"history","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"PUBLICATION HISTORY"}}]}}