{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:02:58Z","timestamp":1760954578149},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]],"date-time":"2010-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3553,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biotech and App Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Spectroscopic methods were used to detect modifications in the structures of CRM<jats:sub>197<\/jats:sub>, the mutant diphtheria toxin, and meningococcal C capsular oligosaccharide following their conjugation and incubation at various temperatures. Meningococcal C oligosaccharide\u2013CRM<jats:sub>197<\/jats:sub> conjugate vaccines obtained from two different manufacturers were incubated at \u221220, 4, 23, 37 or 55 \u00b0C for 5 weeks or subjected to ten cycles of freeze\u2013thawing. The CRM<jats:sub>197<\/jats:sub> carrier protein and the saccharide components of the treated vaccines were monitored by CD and NMR spectroscopic techniques. CD data indicated incubation temperature\u2010dependent conformational changes in the carrier protein from vaccine A. Modifications appeared in both secondary and tertiary structures of the conjugated CRM<jats:sub>197<\/jats:sub> when incubated at 23 \u00b0C or above. This was characteristic of the \u2018open\u2019 conformation previously observed for this protein component. The NMR spectra also indicated modification of the structure of the conjugated CRM<jats:sub>197<\/jats:sub> component of vaccine A when incubated at 23 \u00b0C or above, but failed to show any modification in the conjugated oligosaccharide. On the other hand, the structure of the oligosaccharide chains in vaccine B appeared to be degraded following incubation at 55 \u00b0C, even though the thermal effect on the conjugated CRM<jats:sub>197<\/jats:sub> was less apparent. Repeated freeze\u2013thawing did not affect the CD or NMR spectra. In conclusion, the two meningococcal C oligosaccharide\u2013CRM<jats:sub>197<\/jats:sub> conjugate vaccines were stable when stored at their recommended temperatures, but were differently affected by elevated temperatures. The conjugates differ in their conjugation chemistry, attachment positions, oligosaccharide chain length and loading, as well as recommended pH and storage buffer, and their different stability properties can probably be attributed to a combination of these factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/ba20000078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,26]],"date-time":"2003-11-26T16:20:28Z","timestamp":1069863628000},"page":"91-98","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Solution stability studies of the subunit components of meningococcal C oligosaccharide\u2013CRM<sub>197<\/sub> conjugate vaccines"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mei M.","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Lemercinier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Bolgiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Crane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Corbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/174.6.1360"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530430043037","volume":"275","author":"Lieberman J.M.","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)61992-1","volume":"245","author":"Liu T.\u2010Y.","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. 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