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In this study, we presented the crystal structure of LSS_11580 (rLRR20) from pathogenic L. santarosai serovar Shermani. X-ray diffraction at a resolution of 1.99\u2005\u00c5 revealed a horseshoe-shaped structure containing seven \u03b1-helices and five \u03b2-sheets. Affinity assays indicated that rLRR20 interacts with E-cadherin on the cell surface. Interestingly, its binds to the extracellular (EC) 1 domain in human epithelial (E)-cadherin, which is responsible for binding to another E-cadherin molecule in neighboring cells. Several charged residues on the concave face of LRR20 were predicted to interact with EC1 domain. In the affinity assays, these charged residues were replaced by alanine, and their affinities to E-cadherin were measured. Three vital residues and mutation variants of LRR20, namely D56A, E59A, and E123A, demonstrated significantly reduced affinity to E-cadherin compared with the control. Besides, we also demonstrated that rLRR20 induced the expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in HK2 cells. The low ability of the three mutation variants to induce NGAL expression further demonstrates this induction. The present findings indicate that LRR20 from pathogenic Leptospira binds to E-cadherin and interacts with its EC1 domain. In addition, its induction of NGAL expression in HK2 cells is associated with acute kidney injury in human.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bcj20200547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]],"date-time":"2020-10-23T10:18:04Z","timestamp":1603448284000},"page":"4313-4326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Crystal structure of <i>Leptospira<\/i> leucine-rich repeat 20 reveals a novel E-cadherin binding protein to induce NGAL expression in HK2 cells"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"477","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3527-4151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shen-Hsing","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen-Hsi","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu 30013, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya-Chung","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Yang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Feng","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuh-Ju","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu 30013, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9782-9517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Wei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021112218151438500_BCJ-2020-0547C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1159\/000480691","article-title":"Leptospirosis renal disease: emerging culprit of chronic kidney disease unknown etiology","volume":"138","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"2021112218151438500_BCJ-2020-0547C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002393","article-title":"Leptospirosis renal disease: understanding the initiation by toll-like receptors","volume":"72","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"2021112218151438500_BCJ-2020-0547C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2208","article-title":"Leptospira: the Dawn of the molecular genetics era for an emerging zoonotic pathogen","volume":"7","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. 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