{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T03:28:43Z","timestamp":1791343723400,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>PGC1\u03b1 is a co-activator involved in adaptive thermogenesis, fatty-acid oxidation and gluconeogenesis. We describe the identification of several isoforms of a new human PGC1\u03b1 homologue, cloned independently and named PGC1\u03b2. The human PGC1\u03b2 gene is localized to chromosome 5, has 13 exons and spans more than 78 kb. Two different 5\u2032 and 3\u2032 ends due to differential splicing were identified by rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR and screening of human cDNA libraries. We show that PGC1\u03b2 variants in humans, mice and rats are expressed predominantly in heart, brown adipose tissue, brain and skeletal muscle. PGC1\u03b2 expression, unlike PGC1\u03b1, is not up-regulated in brown adipose tissue in response to cold or obesity. Fasting experiments showed that PGC1\u03b1, but not PGC1\u03b2, is induced in liver and this suggests that only PGC1\u03b1 is involved in the hepatic gluconeogenesis. No changes in PGC1\u03b2 gene expression were observed associated with exercise. Human PGC1\u03b2-1a and \u22122a isoforms localized to the cell nucleus and, specifically, the isoform PGC1\u03b2-1a co-activated peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-\u03b3, -\u03b1 and the thyroid hormone receptor \u03b21. Finally, we show that ectopic expression PGC1\u03b2 leads to increased mitochondrial number and basal oxygen consumption. These results suggest that PGC1\u03b2 may play a role in constitutive adrenergic-independent mitochondrial biogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20030200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,25]],"date-time":"2003-06-25T12:01:34Z","timestamp":1056542494000},"page":"155-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":193,"title":["Characterization of the human, mouse and rat PGC1beta (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1beta) gene in vitro and in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"373","author":[{"given":"Aline","family":"MEIRHAEGHE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivion","family":"CROWLEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"LENAGHAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular and Gastrointestinal Discovery Research Department, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Macclesfield, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"LELLIOTT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kath","family":"GREEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"STEWART","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"HART","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular and Gastrointestinal Discovery Research Department, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Macclesfield, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"SCHINNER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaswinder K.","family":"SETHI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giles","family":"YEO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin D.","family":"BRAND","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ron N.","family":"CORTRIGHT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Exercise, Sport Science and Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"O'RAHILLY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"MONTAGUE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular and Gastrointestinal Discovery Research Department, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Macclesfield, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio J.","family":"VIDAL-PUIG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","container-title":["Biochemical 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