{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:21:28Z","timestamp":1787239288096,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In humans, a polymorphic gene encodes the drug-metabolizing enzyme NAT1 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase Type 1), which is widely expressed throughout the body. While the protein-coding region of NAT1 is contained within a single exon, examination of the human EST (expressed sequence tag) database at the NCBI revealed the presence of nine separate exons, eight of which were located in the 5\u2032 non-coding region of NAT1. Differential splicing produced at least eight unique mRNA isoforms that could be grouped according to the location of the first exon, which suggested that NAT1 expression occurs from three alternative promoters. Using RT (reverse transcriptase)-PCR, we identified one major transcript in various epithelial cells derived from different tissues. In contrast, multiple transcripts were observed in blood-derived cell lines (CEM, THP-1 and Jurkat), with a novel variant, not identified in the EST database, found in CEM cells only. The major splice variant increased gene expression 9\u201311-fold in a luciferase reporter assay, while the other isoforms were similar or slightly greater than the control. We examined the upstream region of the most active splice variant in a promoter-reporter assay, and isolated a 257\u00a0bp sequence that produced maximal promoter activity. This sequence lacked a TATA box, but contained a consensus Sp1 site and a CAAT box, as well as several other putative transcription-factor-binding sites. Cell-specific expression of the different NAT1 transcripts may contribute to the variation in NAT1 activity in vivo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20040903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,22]],"date-time":"2005-03-22T17:05:57Z","timestamp":1111511157000},"page":"119-127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Genomic organization of human arylamine\n                    <i>N<\/i>\n                    -acetyltransferase Type I reveals alternative promoters that generate different 5\u2032-UTR splice variants with altered translational activities"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"387","author":[{"given":"Neville\u00a0J.","family":"BUTCHER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajanthy","family":"ARULPRAGASAM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui\u00a0Li","family":"GOH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"DAVEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodney\u00a0F.","family":"MINCHIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021112214063229200_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.tpj.6500053","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics of the arylamine N-acetyltransferases","volume":"2","author":"Butcher","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics J."},{"key":"2021112214063229200_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26830","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47094-9","article-title":"Structure\u2013function studies of human arylamine N-acetyltransferases NAT1 and NAT2: functional analysis of recombinant NAT1\/NAT2 chimeras expressed in Escherichia coli","volume":"269","author":"Dupret","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. 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