{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T23:08:47Z","timestamp":1789945727610,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present study, BmK \u03b1IV, a novel modulator of sodium channels, was cloned from venomous glands of the Chinese scorpion (Buthus martensi Karsch) and expressed successfully in Escherichia coli. The BmK \u03b1IV gene is composed of two exons separated by a 503\u00a0bp intron. The mature polypeptide contains 66 amino acids. BmK \u03b1IV has potent toxicity in mice and cockroaches. Surface-plasmon-resonance analysis found that BmK \u03b1IV could bind to both rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes and cockroach neuronal membranes, and shared similar binding sites on sodium channels with classical AaH II (\u03b1-mammal neurotoxin from the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector), BmK AS (\u03b2-like neurotoxin), BmK IT2 (the depressant insect-selective neurotoxin) and BmK abT (transitional neurotoxin), but not with BmK I (\u03b1-like neurotoxin). Two-electrode voltage clamp recordings on rNav1.2 channels expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes revealed that BmK \u03b1IV increased the peak amplitude and prolonged the inactivation phase of Na+ currents. The structural and pharmacological properties compared with those of other scorpion \u03b1-toxins suggests that BmK \u03b1IV represents a novel subgroup or functional hybrid of \u03b1-toxins and might be an evolutionary intermediate neurotoxin for \u03b1-toxins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20060035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,14]],"date-time":"2006-10-14T01:31:38Z","timestamp":1160789498000},"page":"445-453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Chinese-scorpion (<i>Buthus martensi<\/i> Karsch) toxin BmK \u03b1IV, a novel modulator of sodium channels: from genomic organization to functional analysis"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"399","author":[{"given":"Zhi-Fang","family":"Chai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mang-Mang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhan-Tao","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue-Yan","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences of Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-Hua","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences of Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021112213141908000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81133-2","article-title":"From ionic currents to molecular mechanisms: the structure and function of voltage-gated sodium channels","volume":"26","author":"Catterall","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021112213141908000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7577","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-20-07577.2003","article-title":"Sodium channel \u03b24, a new disulfide-linked auxiliary subunit with similarity to \u03b22","volume":"23","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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