{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T14:24:39Z","timestamp":1792679079525,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mitochondria play a critical role in mediating the cellular response to oxidants formed during acute and chronic cardiac dysfunction. It is widely assumed that, as cells are subjected to stress, mitochondria are capable of drawing upon a \u2018reserve capacity\u2019 which is available to serve the increased energy demands for maintenance of organ function, cellular repair or detoxification of reactive species. This hypothesis further implies that impairment or depletion of this putative reserve capacity ultimately leads to excessive protein damage and cell death. However, it has been difficult to fully evaluate this hypothesis since much of our information about the response of the mitochondrion to oxidative stress derives from studies on mitochondria isolated from their cellular context. Therefore the goal of the present study was to determine whether \u2018bioenergetic reserve capacity\u2019 does indeed exist in the intact myocyte and whether it is utilized in response to stress induced by the pathologically relevant reactive lipid species HNE (4-hydroxynonenal). We found that intact rat neonatal ventricular myocytes exhibit a substantial bioenergetic reserve capacity under basal conditions; however, on exposure to pathologically relevant concentrations of HNE, oxygen consumption was increased until this reserve capacity was depleted. Exhaustion of the reserve capacity by HNE treatment resulted in inhibition of respiration concomitant with protein modification and cell death. These data suggest that oxidized lipids could contribute to myocyte injury by decreasing the bioenergetic reserve capacity. Furthermore, these studies demonstrate the utility of measuring the bioenergetic reserve capacity for assessing or predicting the response of cells to stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20090934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,10]],"date-time":"2009-09-10T13:39:38Z","timestamp":1252589978000},"page":"99-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":262,"title":["Importance of the bioenergetic reserve capacity in response to cardiomyocyte stress induced by 4-hydroxynonenal"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"424","author":[{"given":"Bradford\u00a0G.","family":"Hill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian\u00a0P.","family":"Dranka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luyun","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John\u00a0C.","family":"Chatham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor\u00a0M.","family":"Darley-Usmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021112214263410600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)40051-3","article-title":"31P-NMR measurement of mitochondrial uncoupling in isolated rat hearts","volume":"265","author":"Kingsley-Hickman","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H541","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01142.2002","article-title":"Oxidative capacity in failing hearts","volume":"285","author":"Gong","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6689","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.12.6689","article-title":"Declines in mitochondrial respiration during cardiac reperfusion: age-dependent inactivation of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase","volume":"96","author":"Lucas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cr.7310037","article-title":"Reduced cardiac output is associated with decreased mitochondrial efficiency in the non-ischemic ventricular wall of the acute myocardial-infarcted dog","volume":"16","author":"Almsherqi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0729fje","article-title":"Decreased complex III activity in mitochondria isolated from rat heart subjected to ischemia and reperfusion: role of reactive oxygen species and cardiolipin","volume":"17","author":"Petrosillo","year":"2003","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000109416.56608.64","article-title":"Decrease in mitochondrial complex I activity in ischemic\/reperfused rat heart: involvement of reactive oxygen species and cardiolipin","volume":"94","author":"Paradies","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1998.0789","article-title":"Overexpression of MnSOD protects against myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury in transgenic mice","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B8","first-page":"H1090","article-title":"Catalase-overexpressing transgenic mouse heart is resistant to ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"273","author":"Li","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B9","first-page":"II412","article-title":"Extracellular superoxide dismutase transgene overexpression preserves postischemic myocardial function in isolated murine hearts","volume":"94","author":"Chen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1996.0165","article-title":"Transgenic mice overexpressing glutathione peroxidase are resistant to myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury","volume":"28","author":"Yoshida","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0802.104502","article-title":"Postischemic recovery of contractile function is impaired in SOD2+\/\u2212 but not SOD1+\/\u2212 mouse hearts","volume":"105","author":"Asimakis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B12","first-page":"II-216","article-title":"Glutathione peroxidase knockout mice are susceptible to myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury","volume":"96","author":"Yoshida","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.86.3.264","article-title":"Targeted disruption of the mouse Sod I gene makes the hearts vulnerable to ischemic reperfusion injury","volume":"86","author":"Yoshida","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B14","first-page":"389","article-title":"Cardiac energetics in clinical heart disease","volume":"82","author":"Strauer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(73)90033-3","article-title":"Myocardial oxygen consumption during experimental hypertrophy and congestive heart failure","volume":"5","author":"Gunning","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(73)80033-5","article-title":"Myocardial oxygen consumption in experimental hypertrophy and congestive heart failure due to pressure overload","volume":"32","author":"Gunning","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769609088013","article-title":"Stimulation of mitochondrial oxygen consumption in isolated cardiomyocytes after hypoxia-reoxygenation","volume":"24","author":"Smith","year":"1996","journal-title":"Free Radical Res."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10600","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)38013-X","article-title":"ATP synthesis kinetics and mitochondrial function in the postischemic myocardium as studied by 31P NMR","volume":"263","author":"Sako","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20081615","article-title":"Myocardial ischaemia inhibits mitochondrial metabolism of 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal","volume":"417","author":"Hill","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B20","first-page":"H935","article-title":"Formation of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-modified proteins in ischemic rat heart","volume":"276","author":"Eaton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2867","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000018605.14470.DD","article-title":"Carvedilol decreases elevated oxidative stress in human failing myocardium","volume":"105","author":"Nakamura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2612","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00592.2002","article-title":"Lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes and oxidative stress in the failing heart: role of aldose reductase","volume":"283","author":"Srivastava","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(91)90192-6","article-title":"Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malonaldehyde and related aldehydes","volume":"11","author":"Esterbauer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4103","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdg412","article-title":"A signalling role for 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in regulation of mitochondrial uncoupling","volume":"22","author":"Echtay","year":"2003","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1021\/bi971958i","article-title":"Inhibition of NADH-linked mitochondrial respiration by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal","volume":"37","author":"Humphries","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15835","DOI":"10.1021\/bi981512h","article-title":"Selective inactivation of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase: reaction of lipoic acid with 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal","volume":"37","author":"Humphries","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2005.10.040","article-title":"Decreased complex II respiration and HNE-modified SDH subunit in diabetic heart","volume":"40","author":"Lashin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45154","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M306285200","article-title":"Cardiac mitochondrial NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase is inactivated through 4-hydroxynonenal adduct formation: an event that precedes hypertrophy development","volume":"278","author":"Benderdour","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2003.11.007","article-title":"Oxidatively damaged proteins of heart mitochondrial electron transport complexes","volume":"1688","author":"Choksi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.2001.1454","article-title":"Role of 4-hydroxynonenal in modification of cytochrome c oxidase in ischemia\/reperfused rat heart","volume":"33","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1021\/tx000186f","article-title":"4-Hydroxynonenal induces apoptosis via caspase-3 activation and cytochrome c release","volume":"14","author":"Ji","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4305","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1204575","article-title":"The adenine nucleotide translocator: a target of nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and 4-hydroxynonenal","volume":"20","author":"Vieira","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1158554","article-title":"Activation of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 reduces ischemic damage to the heart","volume":"321","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2008.09.713","article-title":"Time-dependent and ethanol-induced cardiac protection from ischemia mediated by mitochondrial translocation of \u03b5PKC and activation of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2","volume":"46","author":"Churchill","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1509","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00456.2007","article-title":"Glucosamine protects neonatal cardiomyocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury via increased protein O-GlcNAc and increased mitochondrial Bcl-2","volume":"294","author":"Champattanachai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2007.12.008","article-title":"Advances in measuring cellular bioenergetics using extracellular flux","volume":"13","author":"Ferrick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20071063","article-title":"Unsaturated lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes activate autophagy in vascular smooth-muscle cells","volume":"410","author":"Hill","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20071189","article-title":"Accumulation of 15-deoxy-\u039412,14-prostaglandin J2 adduct formation with Keap1 over time: effects on potency for intracellular antioxidant defence induction","volume":"411","author":"Oh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(83)90303-4","article-title":"Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays","volume":"65","author":"Mosmann","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2004.05.005","article-title":"Relationship between oxidative stress and systolic dysfunction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"11","author":"Nakamura","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Card. Failure"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-9164(00)90012-5","article-title":"Unsaturated aldehydes including 4-OH-nonenal are elevated in patients with congestive heart failure","volume":"6","author":"Mak","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Card. Failure"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10893","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.18.10893","article-title":"Metabolism of the lipid peroxidation product, 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal, in isolated perfused rat heart","volume":"273","author":"Srivastava","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C125","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00247.2006","article-title":"Multiparameter metabolic analysis reveals a close link between attenuated mitochondrial bioenergetic function and enhanced glycolysis dependency in human tumor cells","volume":"292","author":"Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(79)90377-8","article-title":"Morphometric characterization of left ventricular myocardial cells of male rats during postnatal development","volume":"11","author":"David","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.56.3.377","article-title":"Ultrastructural morphometric analysis of myocardium from dogs, rats, hamsters, mice, and from human hearts","volume":"56","author":"Schaper","year":"1985","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200524408","article-title":"Oxygen, oxidative stress, hypoxia, and heart failure","volume":"115","author":"Giordano","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(89)90586-X","article-title":"Changing strategies in the management of heart failure","volume":"13","author":"Katz","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.554360","article-title":"Reduced mitochondrial oxidative capacity and increased mitochondrial uncoupling impair myocardial energetics in obesity","volume":"112","author":"Boudina","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(02)01046-8","article-title":"Quantitative gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay of 4-hydroxynonenal bound to thiol proteins in ischemic\/reperfused rat hearts","volume":"33","author":"Veronneau","year":"2002","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2005.03.015","article-title":"Cardiac volume overload rapidly induces oxidative stress-mediated myocyte apoptosis and hypertrophy","volume":"1741","author":"Fiorillo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2007.02.016","article-title":"Downregulation of CuZn-superoxide dismutase contributes to \u03b2-adrenergic receptor-mediated oxidative stress in the heart","volume":"74","author":"Srivastava","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H3673","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00284.2007","article-title":"Mechanisms of acrolein-induced myocardial dysfunction: implications for environmental and endogenous aldehyde exposure","volume":"293","author":"Luo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2002.6457","article-title":"Inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition by aldehydes","volume":"291","author":"Irwin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20080002","article-title":"Stimulation of mitochondrial proton conductance by hydroxynonenal requires a high membrane potential","volume":"28","author":"Parker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biosci. Rep."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3206","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21290","article-title":"Bioenergetics of mitochondria in cultured neurons and their role in glutamate excitotoxicity","volume":"85","author":"Nicholls","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7310","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0212-07.2007","article-title":"Spare respiratory capacity rather than oxidative stress regulates glutamate excitotoxicity after partial respiratory inhibition of mitochondrial complex I with rotenone","volume":"27","author":"Yadava","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2021112214263410600_B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06055.x","article-title":"Bioenergetic analysis of isolated cerebrocortical nerve terminals on a microgram scale: spare respiratory capacity and stochastic mitochondrial failure","volume":"109","author":"Choi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."}],"container-title":["Biochemical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/biochemj\/article-pdf\/424\/1\/99\/659927\/bj4240099.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/biochemj\/article-pdf\/424\/1\/99\/659927\/bj4240099.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T17:50:11Z","timestamp":1637603411000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/biochemj\/article\/424\/1\/99\/45045\/Importance-of-the-bioenergetic-reserve-capacity-in"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,23]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bj20090934","relation":{},"ISSN":["0264-6021","1470-8728"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0264-6021","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-8728","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,23]]}}}