{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T19:03:17Z","timestamp":1788807797067,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]],"date-time":"2019-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":316,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The mechanism of action by which oxidative stress induces granulosa cell apoptosis, which plays a vital role in initiating follicular atresia, is not well understood. In the present study, the effect of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) on oxidative stress and apoptosis in granulosa cells in geese was investigated. Our results showed that treatment with 3-NPA at 5.0 mmol\/l for 24 h increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by 25.4% and decreased granulosa cell viability by 45.5% (P&amp;lt;0.05). Catalase and glutathione peroxidase gene expression levels in granulosa cells treated with 3-NPA were 1.32- and 0.49-fold compared with those of the control cells, respectively (P &amp;lt;0.05). A significant decrease in the expression level of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein and remarkable increases in the levels of Bax, p53 and cleaved-Caspase 3 proteins and the ratio of Bax\/Bcl-2 expression in granulosa cells treated with 3-NPA were observed (P&amp;lt;0.05). Furthermore, a 38.43% increase in the percentage of early apoptotic cells was also observed in granulosa cells treated with 3-NPA (P&amp;lt;0.05). Moreover, the expression levels of NF-\u03baB, Nrf2, Fhc, Hspa2 and Ho-1 in granulosa cells treated with 3-NPA were elevated 4.36-, 1.63-, 3.62-, 27.54- and 10.48-fold compared with those of the control cells (P&amp;lt;0.05), respectively. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that treatment with 3-NPA induces ROS production and apoptosis and inhibits the viability of granulosa cells in geese. Furthermore, 3-NPA triggers increases in the expression of cleaved-Caspase 3 protein and the ratio of Bax\/Bcl-2 expression, and induces the early apoptosis of granulosa cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20180274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]],"date-time":"2018-07-24T17:25:59Z","timestamp":1532453159000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Effect of 3-nitropropionic acid inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis of granulosa cells in geese"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Bo","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinxing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qilin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People\u2019s Republic of China"},{"name":"Institute of Animal Science, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongsheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Science, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongmei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111619132030100_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2014.10.016","article-title":"Free radicals, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress and its classification","volume":"224","author":"Lushchak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. 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