{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T20:35:49Z","timestamp":1779136549358,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,19]],"date-time":"2019-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":49,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum) infection is accompanied by inflammatory injury of tissue, and has a worldwide distribution and increasing incidence over the past decade. Tp17 has been reported to be a strong membrane immunogen, and was initially observed to play a role in inflammation during syphilis, reacting intensely with human syphilitic sera. We therefore used recombinant Tp17 (rTp17) as a stimulator in our study. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA)-containing exosomes have emerged as a potential effective therapeutic target for many diseases. However, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of miR-216a-5p in syphilis pathogenesis remain unknown. Our study first identified dramatically decreased miR-216a-5p in plasma of syphilis patients compared with the healthy control, which was negatively correlated with the expression of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, and TNF-\u03b1. Moreover, endothelial cells treated with miR-216a-5p-containing exosomes significantly attenuated the rTp17-induced inflammatory response. More importantly, we identified that miR-216a-5p could bind to the 3\u2032-untranslated region (UTR) of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 (TLR4), and overexpression of TLR4 largely rescued the miR-216a-5p-mediated suppression of rTp17-induced inflammatory cytokine production and the TLR4-MYD88 signaling pathway. Thus, our results reveal a novel role of miR-216a-5p-containing exosomes in endothelial cells, implying a potential therapeutic target for inflammation in syphilis patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20190686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]],"date-time":"2019-07-29T12:26:05Z","timestamp":1564403165000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["MiR-216a-5p-containing exosomes suppress rTp17-induced inflammatory response by targeting TLR4"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Rui-Rui","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"STD Institute, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Xian","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Shi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STD Institute, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2508-2391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fu-Quan","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STD Institute, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111619471677600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17073","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.73","article-title":"Syphilis","volume":"3","author":"Peeling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. 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