{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:15:42Z","timestamp":1777349742733,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Objective: Elucidation of the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 (ACE2)\/angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7)\/Mas receptor axis in heart failure is necessary. No previous study has reported serial changes in ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) concentrations after optimal therapy (OT) in acute heart failure (AHF) patients. We aimed to investigate serial changes in serum ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) concentrations after OT in AHF patients with reduced ejection fraction (EF).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Methods: ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) concentrations were measured in 68 AHF patients with reduced EF immediately after admission and 1 and 3 months after OT. These parameters were compared with the healthy individuals at three time points.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: In the acute phase, Ang-(1-7) and ACE2 concentrations was statistically significantly lower and higher in AHF patients than the healthy individuals (2.40 \u00b1 1.11 vs. 3.1 \u00b1 1.1 ng\/ml, P&amp;lt;0.005 and 7.45 \u00b1 3.13 vs. 4.84 \u00b1 2.25 ng\/ml, P&amp;lt;0.005), respectively. At 1 month after OT, Ang-(1-7) concentration remained lower in AHF patients than the healthy individuals (2.37 \u00b1 1.63 vs. 3.1 \u00b1 1.1 ng\/ml, P&amp;lt;0.05); however, there was no statistically significant difference in ACE2 concentration between AHF patients and the healthy individuals. At 3 months after OT, there were no statistically significant differences in Ang-(1-7) and ACE2 concentrations between AHF patients and the healthy individuals.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusion: ACE2 concentration was equivalent between AHF patients and the healthy individuals at 1 and 3 months after OT, and Ang-(1-7) concentration was equivalent at 3 months after OT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20192701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T10:51:04Z","timestamp":1590576664000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The serum angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin-(1-7) concentrations after optimal therapy for acute decompensated heart failure with reduced ejection fraction"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2252-537X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinji","family":"Hisatake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunsuke","family":"Kiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Kabuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Oka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shintaro","family":"Dobashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111620144818100_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198706043162301","article-title":"Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. Results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS)","volume":"316","author":"The Consensus Trial Study Group","year":"1987","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199108013250501","article-title":"Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure","volume":"325","author":"The SOLVD Investigators","year":"1991","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.4.690","article-title":"Prognostic significance of plasma norepinephrine in patients with asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction. SOLVD Investigators","volume":"94","author":"Benedict","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.653964","article-title":"Complementary and incremental mortality risk prediction by cortisol and aldosterone in chronic heart failure","volume":"115","author":"G\u00fcder","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2008.042002","article-title":"Recent advances in the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-angiotensin(1-7)-Mas axis","volume":"93","author":"Santos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.04.059","article-title":"An ACE in the hole alternative pathways of the renin angiotensin system and their potential role in cardiac remodeling","volume":"52","author":"Greenberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00786","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function","volume":"417","author":"Crackower","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8258","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1432869100","article-title":"Angiotensin-(1-7) is an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor Mas","volume":"100","author":"Santos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.38.1.90","article-title":"Effects of angiotensin-(1-7) on forearm circulation in normotensive subjects and patients with essential hypertension","volume":"38","author":"Sasaki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.140145","article-title":"Therapeutic implications of the vasoprotective axis of the renin-angiotensin system in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"55","author":"Ferreira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2010.235","article-title":"ACE2-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas axis and oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease","volume":"34","author":"Rabelo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hypertens. Res."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20110677","article-title":"Regulation of angiotensin II receptors beyond the classical pathway","volume":"123","author":"Horiuchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond.)"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-016-0877-z","article-title":"Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 concentration and angiotensin-(1-7) concentration in patients with acute heart failure patients requiring emergency hospitalization","volume":"32","author":"Hisatake","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197112232852601","article-title":"The natural history of congestive heart failure: the Framingham study","volume":"285","author":"McKee","year":"1971","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-66-0068","article-title":"Guidelines for treatment of acute heart failure (JCS 2011)","volume":"77","author":"JCS Joint Working Group","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4095","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.11.4095","article-title":"Release of vasopressin from the rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system by angiotensin-(1-7) heptapeptide","volume":"85","author":"Schiavone","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14838","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M200581200","article-title":"Hydrolysis of biological peptides by human angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase","volume":"277","author":"Vickers","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000205833.89478.5b","article-title":"Deletion of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 accelerates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction by increasing local angiotensin II","volume":"47","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000094734.67990.99","article-title":"Increased angiotensin-(1-7)-forming activity in failing human heart ventricles: evidence for upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme homologue ACE2","volume":"108","author":"Zisman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.115","article-title":"Baseline characteristics and treatment of patients in prospective comparison of ARNI with ACEI to determine impact on global mortality and morbidity in heart failure trial (PARADIGM-HF)","volume":"16","author":"McMurray","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200103001-00017","article-title":"Effects of high sodium intake on cardiovascular aldosterone synthesis in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats","volume":"19","author":"Takeda","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.1.72","article-title":"Aldosterone production is activated in failing ventricle in humans","volume":"103","author":"Mizuno","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00877755","article-title":"\"Escape\" of aldosterone production in patients with left ventricular dysfunction treated with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor: implications for therapy","volume":"9","author":"Pitt","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0910457","article-title":"Rise in plasma concentration of aldosterone during long-term angiotensin II suppression","volume":"91","author":"Staessen","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000091234.45664.62","article-title":"Sustained reduction of aldosterone in response to the angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan in patients with chronic heart failure: results from the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial","volume":"108","author":"Cohn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000057794.29667.08","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of natriuretic peptides on aldosterone synthase gene expression in cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes","volume":"107","author":"Ito","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-978918","article-title":"Gene expression and roles of angiotensin II type 1 and type 2 receptors in human adrenals","volume":"30","author":"Tanabe","year":"1998","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0360-5","article-title":"COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system","volume":"17","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb2762","article-title":"Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2","volume":"367","author":"Yan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1570","article-title":"Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis","volume":"203","author":"Hamming","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr2005760","article-title":"Renin\u2013angiotensin\u2013aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with Covid-19","volume":"382","author":"Vaduganathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271.e8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor","volume":"181","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2007621","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease, drug therapy, and mortality in Covid-19","author":"Mehra","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Me"},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-018-6786-x","article-title":"Do the SGLT-2 inhibitors offer more than hypoglycemic activity?","volume":"32","author":"Flores","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"2021111620144818100_B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.01.056","article-title":"Empagliflozin ameliorates adverse left ventricular remodeling in nondiabetic heart failure by enhancing myocardial energetics","volume":"73","author":"Santos-Gallego","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."}],"container-title":["Bioscience Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1042\/BSR20192701\/884362\/bsr-2019-2701.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1042\/BSR20192701\/884362\/bsr-2019-2701.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T20:48:43Z","timestamp":1637095723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article\/40\/6\/BSR20192701\/225014\/The-serum-angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2-and"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bsr20192701","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-8463","1573-4935"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-8463","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4935","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"article-number":"BSR20192701"}}