{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:43:28Z","timestamp":1790729008406,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Koebner phenomenon refers to the emergence of new psoriatic lesions in the healthy skin regions following an injury\/trauma to psoriatic patients. The occurrence of psoriatic lesions at unusual areas of the body regions such as on penis, around eyes and on keloids suggest that the Koebner phenomenon may be responsible for these lesions. A number of agents\/triggers have been reported to induce the development of new psoriatic lesions in healthy skin areas and these include, tattooing skin, radiations, skin incision, viral infections and striae etc. The different mechanisms that contribute in inducing the development of new psoriatic lesions as Koebernization include the involvement of mast cell-derived inflammatory mediators such as tryptase, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, and IL-36\u03b3. Moreover, an increased expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) also contribute in Koebernization. Apart from these, there is a critical role of \u03b1 2 \u03b21 integrins, S100A7 (psoriasin) and S100A15 (koebnerisin), change in the ratio of CD4+\/CD8+ T cells, down-regulation of mechanosensitive polycystin 1 protein, decrease in inflammation controlling atypical chemokine receptor 2 (ACKR2), reduced expression of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs) on the keratinocytes and increase in levels of chemokines (CXCL8 and CCL20) in inducing formation of new psoriatic lesions. The present review discusses the role of Koebner phenomenon in the development of new psoriatic lesions. Moreover, it also describes the mechanisms involved in Koebernization in the form of discussion of different key targets that may be potentially modulated pharmacologically to attenuate\/halt the development of new psoriatic lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20193266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T06:47:54Z","timestamp":1573454874000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Koebner phenomenon leading to the formation of new psoriatic lesions: evidences and mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Yong-Zhi","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6298-1199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shi-Rui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111619542733100_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.6015","article-title":"Heinrich Koebner and his phenomenon","volume":"152","author":"Diani","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1982.tb00924.x","article-title":"Response to injury of skin involved and uninvolved with psoriasis, and its relation to disease activity: Koebner and \u2018reverse\u2019 Koebner reactions","volume":"106","author":"Eyre","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2013.05.012","article-title":"Isomorphic phenomenon of Koebner: facts and controversies","volume":"31","author":"Camargo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1159\/000104261","article-title":"Experimental Koebner phenomenon in patients with psoriasis","volume":"215","author":"Kalayciyan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B5","first-page":"430","article-title":"A prospective study of the Koebner reaction and T lymphocytes in uninvolved psoriatic skin","volume":"68","author":"Baker","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B6","first-page":"796","article-title":"Vitiligo appearing in striae distensae as a Koebner phenomenon","volume":"19","author":"Iftikhar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Coll. Physicians Surg. Pak."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1473-2165.2002.00406.x","article-title":"The Koebner phenomenon: review of the literature","volume":"16","author":"Weiss","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1159\/000440856","article-title":"Koebner phenomenon and mycosis fungoides","volume":"7","author":"Lebas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B9","first-page":"61","article-title":"Clindamycin-induced maculopapular exanthema with preferential involvement of striae distensae: a Koebner phenomenon?","volume":"26","author":"Monteagudo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol. Croat."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B10","first-page":"47","article-title":"Circumscribed juvenile pityriasis rubra pilaris (Type 4) Koebnerising after a hot water burn: mild disease with maximum Koebner response","volume":"27","author":"Acar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol. Croat."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16083","article-title":"HLA-Cw6 and psoriasis","volume":"178","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18168","article-title":"The association of scalp psoriasis with overall psoriasis severity and koebnerization in children: cross-sectional findings from the Dutch ChildCAPTURE registry","volume":"181","author":"Bronckers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1009","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001009","article-title":"Developing shingles-induced Koebner phenomenon in a patient with psoriasis: a case report","volume":"94","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.114002","article-title":"Psoriasis occurring as a koebner phenomenon over keloids","volume":"58","author":"Binitha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e52","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000001016","article-title":"Koebner phenomenon triggered by external dacryocystorhinostomy scar in a patient with psoriasis: a case report and literature review","volume":"34","author":"Ganguly","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthal. Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-212681","article-title":"\u2018Deep Koebner\u2019 phenomenon of the flexor tendon-associated accessory pulleys as a novel factor in tenosynovitis and dactylitis in psoriatic arthritis","volume":"77","author":"Tinazzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18186","DOI":"10.5070\/D3195018186","article-title":"Striae: a potential precipitating factor for Koebner phenomenon in psoriasis?","volume":"19","author":"Morais","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol. Online J."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.23736\/S0392-0488.17.05496-7","article-title":"Skin diseases and tattoos: a five-year experience","volume":"153","author":"Napolitano","year":"2018","journal-title":"G. Ital. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1054\/bjps.2002.3807","article-title":"The Koebner phenomenon in a myocutaneous flap following immediate breast reconstruction","volume":"55","author":"Behranwala","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. J. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930500246289","article-title":"Possible molecular mechanisms to account for the involvement of tryptase in the pathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"38","author":"Namazi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13871","article-title":"IL-17A synergistically enhances TLR3-mediated IL-36\u03b3 production by keratinocytes: a potential role in injury-amplified psoriatic inflammation","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2012.04618.x","article-title":"Experimentally induced psoriatic lesion associates with interleukin (IL)-6 in mast cells and appearance of dermal cells expressing IL-33 and IL-6 receptor","volume":"169","author":"Suttle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070710","article-title":"Revisiting the Koebner phenomenon: role of NGF and its receptor system in the pathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"172","author":"Raychaudhuri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.080088","article-title":"Epidermal vascular endothelial growth factor production is required for permeability barrier homeostasis, dermal angiogenesis, and the development of epidermal hyperplasia: implications for the pathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"173","author":"Elias","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2009.10.004","article-title":"Induced keratinocyte hyper-proliferation in alpha2beta1 integrin transgenic mice results in systemic immune cell activation","volume":"10","author":"Teige","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61ra90","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3001108","article-title":"Gene from a psoriasis susceptibility locus primes the skin for inflammation","volume":"2","author":"Wolf","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.07.036","article-title":"Polycystin-1 downregulation induces ERK-dependent mTOR pathway activation in a cellular model of psoriasis","volume":"1864","author":"Gargalionis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3003","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.809780","article-title":"MicroRNA-146 and cell trauma down-regulate expression of the psoriasis-associated atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2","volume":"293","author":"Shams","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12242","article-title":"Psoriatic keratinocytes are resistant to tumor necrosis factor alpha\u2019s induction of mRNA for the NMDA-R2C subunit","volume":"22","author":"Morhenn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2019.04.002","article-title":"Cyto\/chemokine profile of in vitro scratched keratinocyte model: implications of significant upregulation of CCL20, CXCL8 and IL36G in Koebner phenomenon","volume":"94","author":"Furue","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B31","first-page":"59","article-title":"Psoriasis of the penis: Koebner reaction. Following oral genital exposure","volume":"3","author":"Fiumara","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Am. Vener. Dis. Assoc."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2006.02159.x","article-title":"Pustular psoriasis over keloids: is it a Koebner phenomenon?","volume":"31","author":"Handa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B33","first-page":"222","article-title":"Many faces of Koebner phenomenon in psoriasis","volume":"68","author":"Gupta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1159\/000321012","article-title":"Psoriatic pseudobalanitis circinata as a post-viral Koebner phenomenon","volume":"2","author":"Zampetti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Case Rep. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000334","article-title":"Koebner phenomenon: psoriasis at a gastrostomy tube site","volume":"61","author":"Felix","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1996.tb00038.x","article-title":"Strict anatomical coexistence of vitiligo and psoriasis vulgaris\u2013a Koebner phenomenon?","volume":"21","author":"Papadavid","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01354.x","article-title":"Psoriasis confined strictly to vitiligo areas\u2013a Koebner-like phenomenon?","volume":"20","author":"Berger","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.1999.09.693","article-title":"Koebner phenomenon in psoriasis. A common response to skin trauma","volume":"106","author":"Mohla","year":"1999","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B39","first-page":"1199","article-title":"Tattoo sites and psoriasis","volume":"10","author":"Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Drugs Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.111299","article-title":"The Koebner phenomenon: psoriasis in tattoos","volume":"185","author":"Arias-Santiago","year":"2013","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B41","first-page":"65","article-title":"Tattoo-induced psoriasis","volume":"7","author":"Orzan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Life"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13646","article-title":"Tattooing and psoriasis: a case series and review of the literature","volume":"56","author":"Kluger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B43","first-page":"29","article-title":"Tattooing and psoriasis: demographics, motivations and attitudes, complications, and impact on body image in a series of 90 Finnish patients","volume":"26","author":"Kluger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol. Alp Pannonica Adriat."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19910201)67:3<588::AID-CNCR2820670311>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Exacerbation of psoriasis after megavoltage irradiation. The Koebner phenomenon","volume":"67","author":"Schreiber","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B45","first-page":"192","article-title":"Psoriasis and radiotherapy: exacerbation of psoriasis following radiotherapy for carcinoma of the breast (the Koebner phenomenon)","volume":"12","author":"Charalambous","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B46","first-page":"446","article-title":"An unusual Koebner phenomenon secondary to PPD with pustular and arthropathic psoriasis","volume":"17","author":"Sahin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.140309","article-title":"Onset of psoriasis triggered by Mantoux test","volume":"80","author":"Khanna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1177\/229255031101900411","article-title":"The Koebner phenomenon and breast reconstruction: psoriasis eruption along the surgical incision","volume":"19","author":"Alolabi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can. J. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2010.0538","article-title":"Needle acupuncture-induced Koebner phenomenon in a psoriatic patient","volume":"17","author":"Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Altern. Complement. Med."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e106","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12059","article-title":"Psoriasis from a prosthesis: unusual Koebner phenomenon in a girl with autoamputation of the leg","volume":"30","author":"Benoit","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B51","first-page":"332","article-title":"Koebner reaction in psoriasis due to secondary syphilis","volume":"54","author":"Talanin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18575","DOI":"10.5070\/D3196018575","article-title":"K\u00f6ebner phenomenon induced by cupping therapy in a psoriasis patient","volume":"19","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol. Online J."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.2310\/7750.2014.14109","article-title":"Paradoxical, cupping-induced localized psoriasis: a Koebner phenomenon","volume":"19","author":"Vender","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Med. Surg."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03312.x","article-title":"Striae: stretching the long list of precipitating factors for \u2018true koebnerization\u2019 of vitiligo, lichen planus and psoriasis","volume":"34","author":"Verma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMicm1706993","article-title":"ECG-induced Koebner phenomenon","volume":"377","author":"Streit","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20175402","article-title":"The relationship between pruritus and clinical variables in patients with psoriasis","volume":"92","author":"Bahali","year":"2017","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B57","first-page":"549","article-title":"Hand-foot-and-mouth-disease-induced Koebner phenomenon in psoriasis","volume":"17","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dtsch. Dermatol. Ges."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12582813","article-title":"Stratum corneum structure and function correlates with phenotype in psoriasis","volume":"107","author":"Ghadially","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1159\/000358008","article-title":"Are newly discovered drivers of immune-mediated skin disorders expressed in normal skin regenerating from standardized surface injury?","volume":"228","author":"Hendriks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555703538","article-title":"Epidermal rupture is the initiating factor for the Koebner response in psoriasis","volume":"70","author":"Powles","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199206000-00006","article-title":"Expression of Ulex europaeus agglutinin I lectin-binding sites in squamous cell carcinomas and their absence in basal cell carcinomas. Indicator of tumor type and differentiation","volume":"14","author":"Heng","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Dermatopathol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00102.x","article-title":"Expression of the L-fucose moiety on epidermal keratinocytes in psoriasis induced by the Koebner phenomenon: a sequential study","volume":"126","author":"Heng","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15336","article-title":"Siramesine causes preferential apoptosis of mast cells in skin biopsies from psoriatic lesions","volume":"177","author":"Hagforsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B64","first-page":"368","article-title":"Density of mast cells and intensity of pruritus in psoriasis vulgaris: a cross sectional study","volume":"93","author":"Peres","year":"2018","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2010.12.014","article-title":"Mast cells and inflammation","volume":"1822","author":"Theoharides","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02363","article-title":"Potential role of cytochrome c and tryptase in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis pathogenesis: focus on resistance to apoptosis and oxidative stress","volume":"9","author":"Chimenti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1586\/eci.12.1","article-title":"Stress, the neuroendocrine system and mast cells: current understanding of their role in psoriasis","volume":"8","author":"Harvima","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-006-0704-y","article-title":"The presence of tryptase-positive and bikunin-negative mast cells in psoriatic skin lesions","volume":"298","author":"Ashenagar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B69","first-page":"195","article-title":"Role of mast cells and sensory nerves in skin inflammation","volume":"145","author":"Harvima","year":"2010","journal-title":"G. Ital. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B70","first-page":"865","article-title":"IL-32 is increased along with tryptase in lesional psoriatic skin and is up-regulated by substance P in human mast cells","volume":"20","author":"Kempuraj","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.1.275","article-title":"Mast cell tryptase is a mitogen for epithelial cells. Stimulation of IL-8 production and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression","volume":"156","author":"Cairns","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1998.00360.x","article-title":"Mast cell tryptase stimulates both human dermal fibroblast proliferation and type I collagen production","volume":"28","author":"Abe","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.00998.x","article-title":"Increased mast cell expression of PAR-2 in skin inflammatory diseases and release of IL-8 upon PAR-2 activation","volume":"19","author":"Carvalho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6431574","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6431574","article-title":"Induction of mast cell accumulation by tryptase via a protease activated receptor-2 and ICAM-1 dependent mechanism","volume":"2016","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100123","article-title":"Mast cells and neutrophils release IL-17 through extracellular trap formation in psoriasis","volume":"187","author":"Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2014.976630","article-title":"Interleukin-17 is a critical target for the treatment of ankylosing enthesitis and psoriasis-like dermatitis in mice","volume":"48","author":"Ebihara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5070\/D33N39N8XM","article-title":"Interleukin-23 and interleukin-17: importance in pathogenesis and therapy of psoriasis","volume":"18","author":"Mudigonda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dermatol. Online J."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13006","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13006","article-title":"Real world data from the use of secukinumab in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis, including scalp and palmoplantar psoriasis: a 104-week clinical study","volume":"32","author":"Rompoti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2017.06.010","article-title":"IL-17 for therapy","volume":"87","author":"Kurschus","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2018-0131","article-title":"Biologics switch in psoriasis","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2012.11.002","article-title":"NF-\u03baB: an essential transcription factor in psoriasis","volume":"69","author":"Goldminz","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2017.04.022","article-title":"Quercetin ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice via the NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20160645","article-title":"BAY 11-7082 inhibits the NF-\u03baB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways and protects against IMQ-induced psoriasis","volume":"131","author":"Irrera","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond.)"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.422","article-title":"Negative regulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 signalling cascade by lupeol inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells","volume":"111","author":"Siveen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e48647","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201948647","article-title":"STAT3 but not STAT4 is critical for \u03b3\u03b4T17 cell responses and skin inflammation","volume":"20","author":"Agerholm","year":"2019","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13029","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13029","article-title":"The influence of ustekinumab on expression of STAT1, STAT3, STAT4, SOCS2, and IL17 in patients with psoriasis and in a control","volume":"32","author":"Grabarek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2649","article-title":"MicroRNA-223 affects IL-6 secretion in mast cells via the IGF1R\/PI3K signaling pathway","volume":"38","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B88","first-page":"284","article-title":"Interleukin-6 in psoriasis","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B89","first-page":"462","article-title":"IL-33 promotes degranulation of mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells and release of cytokines IL-1\u03b2, IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1","volume":"32","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12428.x","article-title":"Histamine enhances the production of nerve growth factor in human keratinocytes","volume":"121","author":"Kanda","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B91","first-page":"85","article-title":"Nerve growth factor and keratinocytes: a role in psoriasis","volume":"10","author":"Pincelli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3150","article-title":"Aberrant expression of histamine-independent pruritogenic mediators in keratinocytes may be involved in the pathogenesis of prurigo nodularis","volume":"99","author":"Zhong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02500.x","article-title":"Expression of nerve growth factor receptors in cutaneous inflammation","volume":"139","author":"Bull","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(03)46027-5","article-title":"Role of NGF and neurogenic inflammation in the pathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"146","author":"Raychaudhuri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2003.12602.x","article-title":"K252a, a high-affinity nerve growth factor receptor blocker, improves psoriasis: an in vivo study using the severe combined immunodeficient mouse-human skin model","volume":"122","author":"Raychaudhuri","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.2016.1153064","article-title":"Novel investigational vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor antagonists for psoriasis","volume":"25","author":"Malecic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161115666171004123428","article-title":"Thalidomide improves psoriasis-like lesions and inhibits cutaneous VEGF expression without alteration of microvessel density in imiquimod- induced psoriatic mouse model","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Vasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02023.x","article-title":"Suprabasal expression of epidermal alpha 2 beta 1 and alpha 3 beta 1 integrins in skin treated with topical retinoic acid","volume":"138","author":"H\u00e4kkinen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90211-2","article-title":"Suprabasal integrin expression in the epidermis of transgenic mice results in developmental defects and a phenotype resembling psoriasis","volume":"83","author":"Carroll","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI12153","article-title":"A role for mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by integrins in the pathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"108","author":"Haase","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.22719.x","article-title":"S100 proteins in the epidermis","volume":"123","author":"Eckert","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-010-0666-4","article-title":"Novel S100A7 (psoriasin)\/S100A15 (koebnerisin) subfamily: highly homologous but distinct in regulation and function","volume":"41","author":"Wolf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2015.05.007","article-title":"Leukocyte-derived koebnerisin (S100A15) and psoriasin (S100A7) are systemic mediators of inflammation in psoriasis","volume":"79","author":"Batycka-Baran","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.2.1499","article-title":"Chemotactic activity of S100A7 (Psoriasin) is mediated by the receptor for advanced glycation end products and potentiates inflammation with highly homologous but functionally distinct S100A15","volume":"181","author":"Wolf","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14886","article-title":"Early- and late-onset psoriasis: a cross-sectional clinical and immunocytochemical investigation","volume":"175","author":"Theodorakopoulou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2005.04.008","article-title":"The remarkable mechanical strength of polycystin-1 supports a direct role in mechanotransduction","volume":"349","author":"Forman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.108.192765","article-title":"Ciliary polycystin-2 is a mechanosensitive calcium channel involved in nitric oxide signaling cascades","volume":"104","author":"AbouAlaiwi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20092182","article-title":"Polycystins and mechanotransduction in human disease","volume":"20","author":"Gargalionis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2018.04.09","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of mechanotransduction in psoriasis","volume":"6","author":"Malakou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.11.013","article-title":"The atypical chemokine receptor 2 limits renal inflammation and fibrosis in murine progressive immune complex glomerulonephritis","volume":"93","author":"Bideak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.07.039","article-title":"Spread of psoriasiform inflammation to remote tissues is restricted by the atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2","volume":"137","author":"Shams","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex176","article-title":"Elevated ACKR2 expression is a common feature of inflammatory arthropathies","volume":"56","author":"Baldwin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B113","first-page":"157","article-title":"Expression of epidermal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR1) depends on formation of the granular layer\u2013analysis in diseases with parakeratotic cornification","volume":"296","author":"Fischer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2013.06.001","article-title":"The rate of wound healing is increased in psoriasis","volume":"72","author":"Morhenn","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.07.036","article-title":"Anti-TNF-\u03b1 monoclonal antibody reverses psoriasis through dual inhibition of inflammation and angiogenesis","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2014.947476","article-title":"Circulating levels of chemokines in psoriasis","volume":"48","author":"Lima","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2015.02.035","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of telomerase components in cancer cell lines","volume":"589","author":"Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar","year":"2015","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.1876","article-title":"Y-tocotrienol inhibits angiogenesis-dependent growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma through abrogation of AKT\/mTOR pathway in an orthotopic mouse model","volume":"5","author":"Siveen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2021111619542733100_B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4045","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI86042","article-title":"Telomerase reverse transcriptase promotes cancer cell proliferation by augmenting tRNA expression","volume":"126","author":"Khattar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."}],"container-title":["Bioscience Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1042\/BSR20193266\/862248\/bsr-2019-3266.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1042\/BSR20193266\/862248\/bsr-2019-3266.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T16:06:38Z","timestamp":1695398798000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article\/39\/12\/BSR20193266\/221063\/Koebner-phenomenon-leading-to-the-formation-of-new"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":119,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bsr20193266","relation":{"is-referenced-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s00403-026-04554-2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0144-8463","1573-4935"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-8463","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4935","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"article-number":"BSR20193266"}}