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Therefore, knowing the differential expression of the brain microvascular endothelial cell (BMEC) transcriptome after brain radiotherapy may shed light on the pathogenesis of radiation-induced brain edema. The present study used RNA-Seq technique to identify 383 BMEC transcripts differentially expressed (many 2-fold or higher; P &amp;lt; 0.05) between control and X-ray\u2013treated primary cultured rat BMECs. Compared with controls, X-ray\u2013treated BMECs had 183 significantly up-regulated transcripts and 200 significantly down-regulated transcripts. The differentially expressed genes were associated with the biological processes of the cell cycle, apoptosis, vascular permeability, and extracellular junctions. The functional changes identified in the X-ray\u2013treated BMECs included Ca2+ signaling, phosphoinositide 3-kinase\u2013Akt signaling, and methionine degradation. These results indicated that transcript expression was substantially affected by radiation exposure and the proteins encoded by these differentially expressed genes may play a significant role in radiotherapy-induced brain edema. Our findings provide additional insight into the molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced brain edema and may be helpful in the development of clinical treatment of this adverse reaction to radiotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20193760","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T10:58:35Z","timestamp":1586861915000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effect of X-rays on transcript expression of rat brain microvascular endothelial cells: role of calcium signaling in X-ray-induced endothelium damage"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Qibing","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinchen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongbo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, 15 Yimin Road, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang-Bo","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7263-4748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China"},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111620082572600_B1","first-page":"123","article-title":"Radiation-induced brain injury","volume":"60","author":"Asai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Nerve"},{"key":"2021111620082572600_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.11.002","article-title":"Treatment outcomes and late complications of 849 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy alone","volume":"62","author":"Yeh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. 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