{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T06:06:26Z","timestamp":1783577186689,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Aspiculuris tetraptera a pinworm of mice, is an important parasite in institutions with mice colonies for both research and teaching purposes. Infection with this parasite has impact on biomedical research. This is likely due to the availability of the parasite\u2019s eggs in the environment, therefore can easily be transmitted and infection is generally asymptomatic. No information regarding the prevalence, morphology or phylogeny is available on A. tetraptera from Saudi Arabia. A group of 50 laboratory mice were investigated for the presence of A. tetraptera. Worms were described morphologically and molecular characterization was attempted using 18S rRNA and Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I genes. The prevalence of A. tetraptera infestation in the laboratory mice examined was found to be 46%. Morphological description indicated that the worms belong to A. tetraptera and this was confirmed by molecular characterization. Both regions studied have shown that the worm under investigation grouped with A. tetraptera. 18S rDNA sequences obtained in the present study showed high identity with sequences from A. tetraptera while Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I gene (COI) sequences showed intraspecific variation resulted into two haplotypes from the isolates in the present study. A. tetraptera was recorded for the first time from Saudi Arabia. Molecular characterization has shown, based on the COI sequences, that the Saudi isolates of A. tetraptera are distinct.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20203265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T09:24:26Z","timestamp":1605605066000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Morphological and molecular characterization of <i>Aspiculuris tetraptera<\/i> (nematoda: Heteroxynematidae) from <i>Mus musculus<\/i> (rodentia: Muridae) in Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7922-9411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sawsan\u00a0A.","family":"Omer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, University Centre for Women Students, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jawaher\u00a0M.","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, University Centre for Women Students, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albandary\u00a0H.","family":"Alrajeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, University Centre for Women Students, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mashael","family":"Aldamigh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, University Centre for Women Students, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5457-2555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osama\u00a0B.","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111620333428700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00009555","article-title":"A new species of the nematode genus Aspiculuris Schulz, 1924 from Aethomys namaquensis (Mammalia: Rodentia) in the Kruger National Park, South Africa","volume":"17","author":"Inglis","year":"1990","journal-title":"Syst. Parasitol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.22201\/ib.20078706e.2010.003.639","article-title":"New species of Aspiculuris (Nematoda: Heteroxynematidae), parasite of Mus musculus (Rodentia: Muridae), from Hidalgo, Mexico","volume":"81","author":"Falcon-Ordaz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev. Mex. Biodivers."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.2478\/s11686-012-0031-8","article-title":"A new species of Aspiculuris Schulz, 1924 (Nematoda, Heteroxynematidae) from the graysided vole, Clethrionomys rufocanus (Rodentia, Cricetidae), from Tianjin, China","volume":"57","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B4","first-page":"51","article-title":"Essai de classification des Oxyures Heteroxynematidae","volume":"94","author":"Quentin","year":"1975","journal-title":"Mem. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Zool."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B5","first-page":"747","article-title":"A new species of the genus Aspiculuris (Nitzsch, 1821) Schulz, 1924 from the common house rat, Rattus rattus of Nainital, India (Nematoda)","volume":"4","author":"Arya","year":"1980","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Biol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B6","first-page":"723","article-title":"Sur le genre Aspiculuris Schulz, 1924 (Nematoda, Heteroxynematidae), Oxyures parasites de Rongeurs Muroidea","volume":"2","author":"Hugot","year":"1980","journal-title":"Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B7","first-page":"1","article-title":"On a new species of the genus (Aspicularis paraspicularis) from white mice Mus musculus","volume":"24","author":"Manna","year":"1985","journal-title":"Indian J. Animal Health"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182008004484","article-title":"Temporal and between-site variation in helminth communities of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) from NE Poland. 2. The infracommunity level","volume":"135","author":"Behnke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B9","first-page":"829","article-title":"Helminth fauna of the bank vole Myodes glareolus (Rodentia, Arvicolinae) on the territory of Fruska Gora Mountain (Serbia) - a potential sources of zoonoses","volume":"17","author":"Bjelic-Cabrilo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bulg. J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B10","first-page":"45","article-title":"The intestinal helminth community of wild wood mice Apodemus sylvaticus in County Wicklow","volume":"96B","author":"Ryan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol. Environ. Proc. R. Irish Acad."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182001008605","article-title":"Variation in the helminth community structure in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) from three comparable localities in the Mazury Lake District region of Poland","volume":"23","author":"Behnke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-002-0806-1","article-title":"A comparison of the structure of helminth communities in the wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus, on islands of the western Mediterranean and continental Europe","volume":"90","author":"De Bellocq","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/324060a0","article-title":"Wormy mice in a hybrid zone","volume":"324","author":"Sage","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.1991.4040679.x","article-title":"Wormy mice in a hybrid zone: a genetic control of susceptibility to parasite infection","volume":"4","author":"Moulia","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Evol. Biol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000067135","article-title":"Experimental evidence of genetic determinism in high susceptibility to intestinal pinworm infection in mice: a hybrid zone model","volume":"106","author":"Moulia","year":"1993","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1995.6","article-title":"Hybrid vigour against parasites in interspecific crosses between two mice species","volume":"74","author":"Moulia","year":"1995","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B17","article-title":"The biology of Aspiculuris tetraptera Schultz (Nematoda, Oxyuridae)","volume-title":"Ph.D. Thesis","author":"Behnke","year":"1974"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00020873","article-title":"Studies on the biology of some oxyuroid nematodes. I. Factors in the development of eggs of Aspiculuris tetraptera Schultz","volume":"40","author":"Anya","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B19","first-page":"1 97","article-title":"Haematological and biochemical studies on efficiency of synthetic drugs against gastrointestinal nematode parasites in sheep","volume":"42","author":"Abdel-Ali","year":"1992","journal-title":"Assiut Vet. Med. J."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1997.0123","article-title":"Th2-mediated host protective immunity to intestinal nematode infections","volume":"352","author":"Grencis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B21","first-page":"562","article-title":"Clinocopahtological changes in sheep experimentally infected with Haemonchus controtus","volume":"3","author":"Rayaz","year":"2007","journal-title":"World J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B22","first-page":"61","article-title":"Aspicularis tetraptera induced hematological parameters in infected and vaccinated mice","volume":"7","author":"Gaherwal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iranian J. Parasitol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B23","first-page":"127","article-title":"Helminth parasites of the spiny mouse Acomys dimidiatus (Cretzschmar) from Southwest Saudi Arabia","volume":"6","author":"Nasher","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fauna Saudi Arabia"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B24","first-page":"14","article-title":"Dentostomella tamimi sp. n. (Nematoda: Heteroxynematidae) from the Spiny Mouse, Acomys dimidiatus, in Saudi Arabia","volume":"60","author":"Hussein","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Helminthol. Soc. Wash., D.C."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B25","first-page":"105","article-title":"Trichosomoides crassicauda infection in Wistar rats","volume":"11","author":"Al-Humaid","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. King Saud Univ. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2013.09.010","article-title":"The intestinal cestode Hymenolepis diminuta as a lead sink for its rat host in the industrial areas of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","volume":"21","author":"Al-Quraishy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.17582\/journal.aavs\/2019\/7.10.921.928","article-title":"Detection of parasites of animal health importance carried by wild rats collected from Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia","volume":"7","author":"Allam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B28","first-page":"1261","article-title":"Systema Helminthum","volume-title":"The Nematodes of Vertebrates","author":"Yamaguti","year":"1961"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1079\/9781845935726.0000","article-title":"Keys to the nematode parasites of vertebrates. Archival volume","author":"Anderson","year":"2009"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000065239","article-title":"Evolutionary relationships between Toxoplasma and Sarcocystis deduced from a comparison of 18S rDNA sequences","volume":"110","author":"Ellis","year":"1995","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2005.01009.x","article-title":"Nematode-specific PCR primers for the 18S small subunit rRNA gene","volume":"5","author":"Floyd","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol. Notes"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B32","first-page":"294","article-title":"DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates","volume":"3","author":"Folmer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Mar. Biol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btg180","article-title":"MRBAYES 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models","volume":"19","author":"Ronquist","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","article-title":"MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12410","article-title":"POPART: full-feature software for haplotype network construction","volume":"6","author":"Leigh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Methods Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182015000864","article-title":"Bank voles (Myodes glareolus) and house mice (Mus musculus musculus; M. m. domesticus) in Europe are each parasitized by their own distinct species of Aspiculuris (Nematoda, Oxyurida)","volume":"142","author":"Behnke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.21307\/jofnem-2018-026","article-title":"Morphological re-description and 18 S RDNA sequence confirmation of the pinworm Aspiculuris tetraptera (Nematoda, Heteroxynematidae) infecting the laboratory mice Mus Musculus","volume":"50","author":"Abdel-Gaber","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Nematol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B38","first-page":"94","article-title":"Oxyurids of wild and laboratory rodents from Egypt","volume":"11","author":"Khalil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Life Sci. J."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B39","first-page":"125","article-title":"Aspicularis tetrapetra (Nematode, Heteroxynematidae) of laboratory mice Mus musculus (Rodentia, Muridae): a potential risk of zoonotic infection for researchers","volume":"30","author":"Abdel-Gaber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cienc. Tec. Vitivinic."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762002000600017","article-title":"Patterns of infection with nematodes Syphacia obvelata and Aspicularis tetraptera in conventionally maintained laboratory mice","volume":"97","author":"Bazzano","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.2298\/ABS0804609K","article-title":"Helminth fauna of Mus musculus Linnaeus 1758 from the sub-urban area of Belgrade, Serbia","volume":"60","author":"Kataranovski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B42","first-page":"882","volume-title":"Parasites of Laboratory Animals","author":"Flynn","year":"1973"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-263620-2.50009-4","article-title":"Biology and diseases of mice","volume-title":"Laboratory Animal Medicine","author":"Jacoby","year":"1984"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X17000761","article-title":"Helminth composition and prevalence of indigenous and invasive synanthropic murid rodents in urban areas of Gauteng Province, South Africa","volume":"92","author":"Julius","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2000)086%5b0380:POTANA%5d2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Phylogeny of the Ascaridoidea (Nematoda: Ascareidida) based on three genes and morphology: hypotheses of structural and sequence evolution","volume":"86","author":"Nadler","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182007002880","article-title":"Molecular phylogeny of clade III nematodes reveals multiple origins of tissue parasitism","volume":"134","author":"Nadler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3109\/19401736.2012.710210","article-title":"Genetic variability among Trichuris ovis isolates from different hosts in Guangdong Province, China revealed by sequences of three mitochondrial genes","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA"},{"key":"2021111620333428700_B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.3109\/19401736.2013.855736","article-title":"Sequence variability in four mitochondrial genes among pinworm Aspicularis tetraptera isolates from laboratory mice in four provinces, China","volume":"26","author":"Lou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA"}],"container-title":["Bioscience Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1042\/BSR20203265\/897986\/bsr-2020-3265.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1042\/BSR20203265\/897986\/bsr-2020-3265.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T20:59:25Z","timestamp":1637096365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article\/40\/12\/BSR20203265\/226980\/Morphological-and-molecular-characterization-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bsr20203265","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-8463","1573-4935"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-8463","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4935","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]]},"article-number":"BSR20203265"}}