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In this work, we isolated and identified human thymic mesenchymal stromal cells (tMSCs) and detected the expression of TSP-1. We found that tMSCs expressed TSP-1 and Poly (I:C) or LPS treatment promoted the expression of TSP-1. Further, we isolated and identified exosomes originating from tMSCs (MEXs). Notably, exosomes derived from LPS-pretreated tMSCs (MEXsLPS) promoted the polarization of macrophages to M1-like phenotype and IL-6, TNF-\u03b1 secretion as well as the pro-inflammatory differentiation of CD4+T cells into Th17 cells. Upon silencing the expression of TSP-1 in tMSCs, the pro-inflammatory effects of MEXsLPS were suppressed. Therefore, these findings uncovered TSP-1 as the principal factor in MEXsLPS pro-inflammatory regulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20203573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T10:58:40Z","timestamp":1631271520000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Exosomes derived from LPS-stimulated human thymic mesenchymal stromal cells enhance inflammation via thrombospondin-1"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Qianru","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1845-7589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6839-200X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111620524853600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.05.015","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cells: new directions","volume":"10","author":"Keating","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"2021111620524853600_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3209","article-title":"Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and the innate immune system","volume":"12","author":"Le Blanc","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. 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