{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T02:47:15Z","timestamp":1791341235958,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":130,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the only identified oncogenic human retrovirus. HTLV-1 infects approximately 5\u201310 million people worldwide and is the infectious cause of adult T-cell leukemia\/lymphoma (ATL) and several chronic inflammatory diseases, including HTLV-1-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM\/TSP), dermatitis, and uveitis. Unlike other oncogenic retroviruses, HTLV-1 does not capture a cellular proto-oncogene or induce proviral insertional mutagenesis. HTLV-1 is a trans-activating retrovirus and encodes accessory proteins that induce cellular transformation over an extended period of time, upwards of several years to decades. Inarguably the most important viral accessory protein involved in transformation is Tax. Tax is a multifunctional protein that regulates several different pathways and cellular processes. This single viral protein is able to modulate viral gene expression, activate NF-\u03baB signaling pathways, deregulate the cell cycle, disrupt apoptosis, and induce genomic instability. The summation of these processes results in cellular transformation and virus-mediated oncogenesis. Interestingly, HTLV-1 also encodes a protein called Hbz from the antisense strand of the proviral genome that counters many Tax functions in the infected cell, such as Tax-mediated viral transcription and NF-\u03baB activation. However, Hbz also promotes cellular proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, and disrupts genomic integrity. In addition to viral proteins, there are other cellular factors such as MEF-2, superoxide-generating NAPDH oxidase 5-\u03b1 (Nox5\u03b1), and PDLIM2 which have been shown to be critical for HTLV-1-mediated T-cell transformation. This review will highlight the important viral and cellular factors involved in HTLV-1 transformation and the available in vitro and in vivo tools used to study this complex process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20211921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T09:29:04Z","timestamp":1645003744000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Regulation of HTLV-1 transformation"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Kyle\u00a0J.","family":"Ernzen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A."},{"name":"Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8603-3705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda\u00a0R.","family":"Panfil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A."},{"name":"Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031108471592800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7415","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.12.7415","article-title":"Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma","volume":"77","author":"Poiesz","year":"1980","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00388","article-title":"Epidemiological aspects and world distribution of HTLV-1 infection","volume":"3","author":"Gessain","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.6.2031","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of retrovirus from cell lines of human adult T-cell leukemia and its implication in the disease","volume":"79","author":"Yoshida","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92734-5","article-title":"Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type-I in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis","volume":"2","author":"Gessain","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91298-5","article-title":"HTLV-I associated myelopathy, a new clinical entity","volume":"1","author":"Osame","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1586\/1744666X.2014.966690","article-title":"Inflammatory manifestations of HTLV-1 and their therapeutic options","volume":"10","author":"Martin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6058","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208968","article-title":"Global epidemiology of HTLV-I infection and associated diseases","volume":"24","author":"Proietti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00378","article-title":"Pathways of cell-cell transmission of HTLV-1","volume":"3","author":"Pique","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.30.4.905-910.1992","article-title":"Infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cell lines by cell-free human T-cell lymphoma\/leukemia virus type I","volume":"30","author":"Fan","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-08-374637","article-title":"Transcytosis of HTLV-1 across a tight human epithelial barrier and infection of subepithelial dendritic cells","volume":"120","author":"Martin-Latil","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1745","article-title":"Cell-free HTLV-1 infects dendritic cells leading to transmission and transformation of CD4(+) T cells","volume":"14","author":"Jones","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5682","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.64.11.5682-5687.1990","article-title":"In vivo cellular tropism of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1","volume":"64","author":"Richardson","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-015-0221-1","article-title":"HTLV-1 drives vigorous clonal expansion of infected CD8(+) T cells in natural infection","volume":"12","author":"Melamed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B14","first-page":"485","article-title":"HTLV-1 infection: an emerging risk. Pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and associated diseases","volume":"32","author":"Eusebio-Ponce","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Esp. Quimioter."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6330891","article-title":"Trans-acting transcriptional activation of the long terminal repeat of human T lymphotropic viruses in infected cells","volume":"225","author":"Sodroski","year":"1984","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2990037","article-title":"The x gene is essential for HTLV replication","volume":"229","author":"Chen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2992082","article-title":"The pX protein of HTLV-I is a transcriptional activator of its long terminal repeats","volume":"229","author":"Felber","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.8.2277","article-title":"Functional activation of the long terminal repeat of human T-cell leukemia virus type I by a trans-acting factor","volume":"82","author":"Fujisawa","year":"1985","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00480-06","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) bZIP protein interacts with the cellular transcription factor CREB to inhibit HTLV-1 transcription","volume":"81","author":"Lemasson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12813","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.24.12813-12822.2002","article-title":"The complementary strand of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 RNA genome encodes a bZIP transcription factor that down-regulates viral transcription","volume":"76","author":"Gaudray","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23903","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M803116200","article-title":"An interaction between the human T cell leukemia virus type 1 basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ) and the KIX domain of p300\/CBP contributes to the down-regulation of tax-dependent viral transcription by HBZ","volume":"283","author":"Clerc","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4570","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.66.7.4570-4575.1992","article-title":"Role of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 X region proteins in immortalization of primary human lymphocytes in culture","volume":"66","author":"Grassmann","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4445","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.6.4445-4451.1997","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax protein transforms rat fibroblasts via two distinct pathways","volume":"71","author":"Matsumoto","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.4.1057","article-title":"Development of leukemia in mice transgenic for the tax gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type I","volume":"92","author":"Grossman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(1998100)186:2%3c209::AID-PATH162%3e3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Tumours derived from HTLV-I tax transgenic mice are characterized by enhanced levels of apoptosis and oncogene expression","volume":"186","author":"Hall","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04272.x","article-title":"A transcriptional enhancer sequence of HTLV-I is responsible for trans-activation mediated by p40 chi HTLV-I","volume":"5","author":"Fujisawa","year":"1986","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8112","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.21.8112","article-title":"Requirement of multiple copies of a 21-nucleotide sequence in the U3 regions of human T-cell leukemia virus type I and type II long terminal repeats for trans-acting activation of transcription","volume":"83","author":"Shimotohno","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4499","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.62.12.4499-4509.1988","article-title":"Characterization of cellular factors that interact with the human T-cell leukemia virus type I p40x-responsive 21-base-pair sequence","volume":"62","author":"Jeang","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1038\/376606a0","article-title":"Mechanism of DNA-binding enhancement by the human T-cell leukaemia virus transactivator Tax","volume":"376","author":"Baranger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.3.1834-1841.1995","article-title":"Distinct regions in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I tax mediate interactions with activator protein CREB and basal transcription factors","volume":"69","author":"Adya","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2009.09.002","article-title":"The HTLV-1 Tax protein: revealing mechanisms of transcriptional activation through histone acetylation and nucleosome disassembly","volume":"1799","author":"Nyborg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6735","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.13.6735-6743.2004","article-title":"Tax relieves transcriptional repression by promoting histone deacetylase 1 release from the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 long terminal repeat","volume":"78","author":"Lu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-3-5","article-title":"SUV39H1 interacts with HTLV-1 Tax and abrogates Tax transactivation of HTLV-1 LTR","volume":"3","author":"Kamoi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-5-100","article-title":"MicroRNA miR-146a and further oncogenesis-related cellular microRNAs are dysregulated in HTLV-1-transformed T lymphocytes","volume":"5","author":"Pichler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8040290","article-title":"NF-kappaB and microRNA deregulation mediated by HTLV-1 tax and HBZ","volume":"8","author":"Fochi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e40662","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040662","article-title":"Localization and sub-cellular shuttling of HTLV-1 tax with the miRNA machinery","volume":"7","author":"Van Duyne","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90083-O","article-title":"Intramolecular masking of the nuclear location signal and dimerization domain in the precursor for the p50 NF-kappa B subunit","volume":"68","author":"Henkel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15297","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.22.15297","article-title":"IKKgamma mediates the interaction of cellular IkappaB kinases with the tax transforming protein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1","volume":"274","author":"Chu","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5157","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.18.9.5157","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax induction of NF-kappaB involves activation of the IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha) and IKKbeta cellular kinases","volume":"18","author":"Geleziunas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B40","first-page":"3099","article-title":"Tax protein of HTLV-1 interacts with the Rel homology domain of NF-kappa B p65 and c-Rel proteins bound to the NF-kappa B binding site and activates transcription","volume":"9","author":"Suzuki","year":"1994","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400931","article-title":"Retroviral oncoprotein Tax deregulates NF-kappaB by activating Tak1 and mediating the physical association of Tak1-IKK","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005102","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005102","article-title":"HTLV-1 tax stimulates ubiquitin E3 ligase, ring finger protein 8, to assemble lysine 63-linked polyubiquitin chains for TAK1 and IKK activation","volume":"11","author":"Ho","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M210631200","article-title":"Human T-lymphotropic virus type I tax activates I-kappa B kinase by inhibiting I-kappa B kinase-associated serine\/threonine protein phosphatase 2A","volume":"278","author":"Fu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1563","article-title":"The E3 ligase Itch negatively regulates inflammatory signaling pathways by controlling the function of the ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20","volume":"9","author":"Shembade","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3324","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.14492","article-title":"NF-kappaB signaling mechanisms in HTLV-1-induced adult T-cell leukemia\/lymphoma","volume":"285","author":"Harhaj","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B46","first-page":"2360","article-title":"Constitutive activation of NF-kappaB in primary adult T-cell leukemia cells","volume":"93","author":"Mori","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3847","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V94.11.3847","article-title":"Inhibition of caspase cascade by HTLV-I tax through induction of NF-kappaB nuclear translocation","volume":"94","author":"Kawakami","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20954","article-title":"Transcriptional activation of survivin through the NF-kappaB pathway by human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax","volume":"115","author":"Kawakami","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12480","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1516208112","article-title":"Selective targeting of JAK\/STAT signaling is potentiated by Bcl-xL blockade in IL-2-dependent adult T-cell leukemia","volume":"112","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004458","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004458","article-title":"HTLV-1 tax stabilizes MCL-1 via TRAF6-dependent K63-linked polyubiquitination to promote cell survival and transformation","volume":"10","author":"Choi","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.06.005","article-title":"HTLV-1 Tax: linking transformation, DNA damage and apoptotic T-cell death","volume":"188","author":"Chlichlia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40385","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C100501200","article-title":"NF-kappaB signaling pathway governs TRAIL gene expression and human T-cell leukemia virus-I Tax-induced T-cell death","volume":"276","author":"Rivera-Walsh","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3277","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-78-12-3277","article-title":"Role of the Fas\/Fas ligand pathway in apoptotic cell death induced by the human T cell lymphotropic virus type I Tax transactivator","volume":"78","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1201070","article-title":"ICE-proteases mediate HTLV-I Tax-induced apoptotic T-cell death","volume":"14","author":"Chlichlia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-12-4174","article-title":"HTLV-I Tax induces a novel interaction between p65\/RelA and p53 that results in inhibition of p53 transcriptional activity","volume":"104","author":"Jeong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-008-0289-3","article-title":"HTLV-1 Tax protein cooperates with Ras in protecting cells from apoptosis","volume":"14","author":"Vajente","year":"2009","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2011.02123.x","article-title":"Activation of mTOR by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax is important for the transformation of mouse T cells to interleukin-2-independent growth","volume":"103","author":"Yoshita","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978607","DOI":"10.5402\/2012\/978607","article-title":"Important roles of cellular microRNA miR-155 in leukemogenesis by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 infection","volume":"2012","author":"Tomita","year":"2012","journal-title":"ISRN Microbiol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25115","article-title":"MicroRNA miR-146a is induced by HTLV-1 tax and increases the growth of HTLV-1-infected T-cells","volume":"130","author":"Tomita","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2017.05.015","article-title":"ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK: the trinity at the heart of the DNA damage response","volume":"66","author":"Blackford","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32897","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.146373","article-title":"The viral oncoprotein tax sequesters DNA damage response factors by tethering MDC1 to chromatin","volume":"285","author":"Belgnaoui","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6952","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02331-07","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 tax attenuates the ATM-mediated cellular DNA damage response","volume":"82","author":"Chandhasin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2161","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.5.2161-2173.2001","article-title":"CREB\/ATF-dependent repression of cyclin a by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax protein","volume":"75","author":"Kibler","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-002-8510-y","article-title":"Cyclin A in cell cycle control and cancer","volume":"59","author":"Yam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5431","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02460-09","article-title":"Induction of reactive oxygen species by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 tax correlates with DNA damage and expression of cellular senescence marker","volume":"84","author":"Kinjo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-03-493718","article-title":"HTLV-1 Tax oncoprotein stimulates ROS production and apoptosis in T cells by interacting with USP10","volume":"122","author":"Takahashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0507-527","article-title":"The Tax protein of HTLV-1 promotes oncogenesis in not only immature T cells but also mature T cells","volume":"13","author":"Ohsugi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1389","article-title":"Thymus-derived leukemia-lymphoma in mice transgenic for the Tax gene of human T-lymphotropic virus type I","volume":"12","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2020.272468","article-title":"Dual cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of HTLV-1-encoded HBZ protein is a unique feature of adult T-cell leukemia","volume":"106","author":"Forlani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6490","DOI":"10.3390\/v7122952","article-title":"Roles of HTLV-1 basic zip factor (HBZ) in viral chronicity and leukemic transformation. Potential new therapeutic approaches to prevent and treat HTLV-1-related diseases","volume":"7","author":"Mesnard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2755","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-06-161729","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 bZIP factor selectively suppresses the classical pathway of NF-kappaB","volume":"113","author":"Zhao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3976","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-11-4551","article-title":"Enhancement of infectivity and persistence in vivo by HBZ, a natural antisense coded protein of HTLV-1","volume":"107","author":"Arnold","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(04)00225-X","article-title":"HBZ interacts with JunD and stimulates its transcriptional activity","volume":"562","author":"Thebault","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-8-19","article-title":"ATF3, an HTLV-1 bZip factor binding protein, promotes proliferation of adult T-cell leukemia cells","volume":"8","author":"Hagiya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02686","article-title":"Hijacking of the AP-1 signaling pathway during development of ATL","volume":"8","author":"Gazon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9070","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00661-12","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) bZIP factor requires cellular transcription factor JunD to upregulate HTLV-1 antisense transcription from the 3\u2032 long terminal repeat","volume":"86","author":"Gazon","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B77","first-page":"1367","article-title":"Expression and function of FRA2\/JUND in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas","volume":"32","author":"Nakayama","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507631103","article-title":"HTLV-I basic leucine zipper factor gene mRNA supports proliferation of adult T cell leukemia cells","volume":"103","author":"Satou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6082","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-3564","article-title":"HTLV-1 bZIP factor HBZ promotes cell proliferation and genetic instability by activating OncomiRs","volume":"74","author":"Vernin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-0436","article-title":"HTLV-1 bZIP factor suppresses apoptosis by attenuating the function of FoxO3a and altering its localization","volume":"74","author":"Tanaka-Nakanishi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6026","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208977","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia\/lymphoma virus type 1 nonstructural genes and their functions","volume":"24","author":"Nicot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/nm984","article-title":"HTLV-1-encoded p30II is a post-transcriptional negative regulator of viral replication","volume":"10","author":"Nicot","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9885","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.20.9885-9895.2001","article-title":"Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 p30(II) regulates gene transcription by binding CREB binding protein\/p300","volume":"75","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2019.07.003","article-title":"The human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 tax oncoprotein dissociates NF-\u03baB p65(RelA)-Stathmin complexes and causes catastrophic mitotic spindle damage and genomic instability","volume":"535","author":"Malu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6178","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.14.6178-6198.2005","article-title":"A human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 enhancer of Myc transforming potential stabilizes Myc-TIP60 transcriptional interactions","volume":"25","author":"Awasthi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-06-293340","article-title":"Suppression of HTLV-1 replication by Tax-mediated rerouting of the p13 viral protein to nuclear speckles","volume":"118","author":"Andresen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-07-235861","article-title":"Redox regulation of T-cell turnover by the p13 protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1: distinct effects in primary versus transformed cells","volume":"116","author":"Silic-Benussi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2009.02.001","article-title":"Modulation of mitochondrial K(+) permeability and reactive oxygen species production by the p13 protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1","volume":"1787","author":"Silic-Benussi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.3.823","article-title":"HTLV-1 p12(I) protein enhances STAT5 activation and decreases the interleukin-2 requirement for proliferation of primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells","volume":"98","author":"Nicot","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7672","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.16.7672-7682.2001","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum and cis-Golgi localization of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 p12(I): association with calreticulin and calnexin","volume":"75","author":"Ding","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9828","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.21.9828-9835.2000","article-title":"Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 open reading frame I p12(I) is required for efficient viral infectivity in primary lymphocytes","volume":"74","author":"Albrecht","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1089\/08892220050193272","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo functional analysis of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 pX open reading frames I and II","volume":"16","author":"Lairmore","year":"2000","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4701","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V91.12.4701.412k23_4701_4707","article-title":"Selective ablation of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 p12I reduces viral infectivity in vivo","volume":"91","author":"Collins","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20007","article-title":"Genetic and epigenetic inactivation of tax gene in adult T-cell leukemia cells","volume":"109","author":"Takeda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.14869","article-title":"Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma as a viral disease: subtypes based on viral aspects","volume":"112","author":"Nosaka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3415","article-title":"Integrated molecular analysis of adult T cell leukemia\/lymphoma","volume":"47","author":"Kataoka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9080","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00983-15","article-title":"Superoxide-generating Nox5alpha is functionally required for the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-induced cell transformation phenotype","volume":"89","author":"Shigemura","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14477","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C300487200","article-title":"Myocyte enhancer factor 2 mediates calcium-dependent transcription of the interleukin-2 gene in T lymphocytes: a calcium signaling module that is distinct from but collaborates with the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)","volume":"279","author":"Pan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-015-0140-1","article-title":"Myocyte enhancer factor (MEF)-2 plays essential roles in T-cell transformation associated with HTLV-1 infection by stabilizing complex between Tax and CREB","volume":"12","author":"Jain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4370","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-10-185660","article-title":"PDLIM2 suppresses human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax-mediated tumorigenesis by targeting Tax into the nuclear matrix for proteasomal degradation","volume":"113","author":"Yan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.09752","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia virus type I-mediated repression of PDZ-LIM domain-containing protein 2 involves DNA methylation but independent of the viral oncoprotein tax","volume":"11","author":"Yan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-5-46","article-title":"Expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein during immortalization of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by HTLV-1: implications for transformation","volume":"5","author":"Nadella","year":"2008","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.3.759","article-title":"Constitutive expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein gene in human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers and adult T cell leukemia patients that can be trans-activated by HTLV-1 tax gene","volume":"172","author":"Watanabe","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/v8010007","article-title":"PRMT5 is upregulated in HTLV-1-mediated T-cell transformation and selective inhibition alters viral gene expression and infected cell survival","volume":"8","author":"Panfil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2010.05.001","article-title":"Role of microRNAs in HTLV-1 infection and transformation","volume":"31","author":"Ruggero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Aspects Med."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2008.02.013","article-title":"E2F1-regulated microRNAs impair TGFbeta-dependent cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in gastric cancer","volume":"13","author":"Petrocca","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1642","article-title":"Human microRNAs regulate stress-induced immune responses mediated by the receptor NKG2D","volume":"9","author":"Stern-Ginossar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8976","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-0769","article-title":"Roles for microRNAs, miR-93 and miR-130b, and tumor protein 53-induced nuclear protein 1 tumor suppressor in cell growth dysregulation by human T-cell lymphotrophic virus 1","volume":"68","author":"Yeung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2007.30","article-title":"Widespread microRNA repression by Myc contributes to tumorigenesis","volume":"40","author":"Chang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2003.11.016","article-title":"Transformation studies with a human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 molecular clone","volume":"116","author":"Anderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8412","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00717-12","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia virus type 2 antisense viral protein 2 is dispensable for in vitro immortalization but functions to repress early virus replication in vivo","volume":"86","author":"Yin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-03-1333","article-title":"PDZ binding motif of HTLV-1 Tax promotes virus-mediated T-cell proliferation in vitro and persistence in vivo","volume":"107","author":"Xie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-019-0507-9","article-title":"HTLV-1 CTCF-binding site is dispensable for in vitro immortalization and persistent infection in vivo","volume":"16","author":"Martinez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2888190","article-title":"The tat gene of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 induces mesenchymal tumors in transgenic mice","volume":"237","author":"Nerenberg","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B115","first-page":"2399","article-title":"Brain tumours and lymphomas in transgenic mice that carry HTLV-I LTR\/c-myc and Ig\/tax genes","volume":"7","author":"Benvenisty","year":"1992","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.3.1588","article-title":"Autoimmunity induction by human T cell leukemia virus type 1 in transgenic mice that develop chronic inflammatory arthropathy resembling rheumatoid arthritis in humans","volume":"155","author":"Iwakura","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-6-116","article-title":"T-cell activation promotes tumorigenesis in inflammation-associated cancer","volume":"6","author":"Rauch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-07-166462","article-title":"Imaging spontaneous tumorigenesis: inflammation precedes development of peripheral NK tumors","volume":"113","author":"Rauch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2009.0212","article-title":"Cytokine and growth factor expression by HTLV-1 Lck-tax transgenic cells in SCID mice","volume":"26","author":"Watters","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001274","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001274","article-title":"HTLV-1 bZIP factor induces T-cell lymphoma and systemic inflammation in vivo","volume":"7","author":"Satou","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1992.tb00108.x","article-title":"Successful graft of HTLV-I-transformed human T-cells (MT-2) in severe combined immunodeficiency mice treated with anti-asialo GM-1 antibody","volume":"83","author":"Ishihara","year":"1992","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V82.3.722.722","article-title":"Establishment of human T-cell leukemia virus type I T-cell lymphomas in severe combined immunodeficient mice","volume":"82","author":"Feuer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5286","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.9.5286-5294.2003","article-title":"Rapid tumor formation of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-infected cell lines in novel NOD-SCID\/gammac(null) mice: suppression by an inhibitor against NF-kappaB","volume":"77","author":"Dewan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3788","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-04-154286","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 antisense-encoded gene, Hbz, promotes T-lymphocyte proliferation","volume":"112","author":"Arnold","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B125","first-page":"4","article-title":"Role of wild-type and recombinant human T-cell leukemia viruses in lymphoproliferative disease in humanized NSG mice","volume":"68","author":"Huey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comp. Med."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/cpmo.38","article-title":"Production of humanized mice through stem cell transfer","volume":"8","author":"Huey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-06-508861","article-title":"An animal model of adult T-cell leukemia: humanized mice with HTLV-1-specific immunity","volume":"123","author":"Tezuka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8092","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00918-15","article-title":"A transgenic Drosophila melanogaster model to study human T-lymphotropic virus oncoprotein Tax-1-driven transformation in vivo","volume":"89","author":"Shirinian","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1009219","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009219","article-title":"In vivo antagonistic role of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 regulatory proteins Tax and HBZ","volume":"17","author":"Akkouche","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2022031108471592800_B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8412","DOI":"10.186128\/JVI.00717-12","article-title":"HTLV-2 APH-2 is dispensable for in vitro immortalization, but functions to repress early viral replication in vivo","volume":"86","author":"Yin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Virol."}],"container-title":["Bioscience Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1042\/BSR20211921\/930807\/bsr-2021-1921c.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1042\/BSR20211921\/930807\/bsr-2021-1921c.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T02:54:30Z","timestamp":1674788070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/bioscirep\/article\/42\/3\/BSR20211921\/230803\/Regulation-of-HTLV-1-transformation"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"references-count":130,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bsr20211921","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-8463","1573-4935"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-8463","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4935","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"article-number":"BSR20211921"}}