{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T09:27:50Z","timestamp":1786526870882,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CONHACYT\/SECIHTI","award":["CBF-20232024-2003,2023-2026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CBF-20232024-2003,2023-2026"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006087","name":"UNAM | Direcci\u00f3n General de Asuntos del Personal Acad\u00e9mico, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN229623 Posdoctoral fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN229623 Posdoctoral fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006087","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"SECIHTI","award":["Posdoctoral fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Posdoctoral fellowship"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Connexin 36 (Cx36)-deficient mice exhibit deregulation of insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. Mouse islet beta cells express Cx36 and connexin 30.2 (Cx30.2). Human beta cells express Cx36; however, it remains unknown whether they express Cx31.9 protein, the ortholog of Cx30.2. To address this question, sections of 23 human pancreatic autopsy samples from both sexes were analyzed by real-time qRT-PCR with oligonucleotides against Cx31.9 and by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with a specific antibody against this connexin. Mean levels of Cx31.9 mRNA were similar to those of Cx36 mRNA, used as a control gene, in all human samples analyzed (n\u00a0=\u00a07). IHC studies showed that Cx31.9-positive staining was localized to most islet cells in donor samples (15 of 16). The density of Cx31.9 staining per \u03bcm2 was calculated from 31 islet images from 10 donor samples. Pancreatic serial sections revealed that the spatial distribution of anti-Cx31.9-labeled cells is similar to that of anti-Cx36- and anti-insulin-positive cells. Moreover, anti-Cx31.9 staining was also localized in anti-CK19-positive epithelial ductal cells and in the endothelial cells of small, medium, and large-diameter vessels. Cx31.9 protein is expressed in endocrine islet beta cells as well as in exocrine ductal epithelial and vascular endothelial cells. In addition, there is a balance of Cx31.9 and Cx36 mRNA levels in the human pancreas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20250223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:57:07Z","timestamp":1783699027000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Connexin 31.9 is expressed in human pancreatic endocrine beta cells, as well as in exocrine ductal epithelial and vascular endothelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8067-427X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elia\u00a0Martha","family":"P\u00e9rez-Armendariz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Laboratorio de Sinapsis El\u00e9ctricas, Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Av. Universidad 3000 SN, Colonia UNAM, CU, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6950-9997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar\u00a0J.","family":"Zacar\u00edas-Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Laboratorio de Sinapsis El\u00e9ctricas, Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Av. 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Universidad 3000 SN, Colonia UNAM, CU, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5463-9705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-T\u00e9llez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Av. Universidad 3000 SN, Colonia UNAM, CU, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, 04510, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, 04510, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1916-4780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Zarain-Herzberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Av. Universidad 3000 SN, Colonia UNAM, CU, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9sar\u00a0A.","family":"Flores-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Servicio de Patolog\u00eda, Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Cardiolog\u00eda, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico,06720, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Arreola-Rosales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Servicio de Patolog\u00eda, Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, 06720, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3186-6854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"E. 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