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CML is characterised by the presence of the oncogenic tyrosine kinase fusion protein breakpoint cluster region-abelson murine leukaemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (BCR-ABL), which is responsible for driving the disease through activation of downstream signal transduction pathways. Recent evidence from our group and others indicates that important regulatory networks involved in establishing primitive and definitive haemopoiesis during development are reactivated in myeloid leukaemia, giving rise to an LSC population with altered self-renewal and differentiation properties. In this review, we explore the role the bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signalling plays in stem cell pluripotency, developmental haemopoiesis, HSC maintenance and the implication of altered BMP signalling on LSC persistence in the BM niche. Overall, we emphasise how the BMP and Wnt pathways converge to alter the Cdx\u2013Hox axis and the implications of this in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bst20160104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,19]],"date-time":"2016-10-19T10:07:29Z","timestamp":1476871649000},"page":"1455-1463","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Role of the bone morphogenic protein pathway in developmental haemopoiesis and leukaemogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Parto","family":"Toofan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0XB, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Wheadon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0XB, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111720073779400_BST-2016-0104C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2977","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2007.05840.x","article-title":"Cross-talk between the bone morphogenetic protein pathway and other major signaling pathways results in tightly regulated cell-specific outcomes","volume":"274","author":"Herpin","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"2021111720073779400_BST-2016-0104C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2005.01.009","article-title":"BMP receptor signaling: transcriptional targets, regulation of signals, and signaling cross-talk","volume":"16","author":"Miyazono","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"2021111720073779400_BST-2016-0104C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.08.020","article-title":"Core transcriptional regulatory circuitry in human embryonic stem cells","volume":"122","author":"Boyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2021111720073779400_BST-2016-0104C4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2014.05.017","article-title":"Roles of TGF-\u03b2 family signals in the fate determination of pluripotent stem cells","volume":"32","author":"Itoh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin. 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