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Diesel automotive engines are a major source of urban air pollution in the western societies encompassing particulate matter and diesel exhaust particles (DEP). Air pollution is envisioned as primary cause for cardiovascular dysfunction, such as ischemic heart disease, cardiac dysrhythmias, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease and stroke. Air pollution also causes lung dysfunction, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and specifically exacerbations of these diseases. DEP induces inflammation and reactive oxygen species production ultimately leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. DEP impair structural cell function and initiate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a process leading to dysfunction in endothelial as well as epithelial barrier, hamper tissue repair and eventually leading to fibrosis. Targeting cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has been implicated to alleviate cardiopulmonary dysfunction, even more intriguingly cAMP seems to emerge as a potent regulator of mitochondrial metabolism. We propose that targeting of the mitochondrial cAMP nanodomain bear the therapeutic potential to diminish air pollutant \u2014 particularly DEP \u2014 induced decline in cardiopulmonary function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bst20190250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T12:00:33Z","timestamp":1593432033000},"page":"799-811","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Nanodomains in cardiopulmonary disorders and the impact of air pollution"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Isabella","family":"Cattani-Cavalieri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel dos Santos","family":"Valen\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3075-0630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111916021042300_BST-2019-0250CC1","volume-title":"Preventing Disease Through Healthy Environments: A Global Assessment of the Burden of Disease From Environmental Risks","year":"2016"},{"key":"2021111916021042300_BST-2019-0250CC2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfx110","article-title":"Diesel engine exhaust: basis for occupational exposure limit value","volume":"158","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. 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