{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T17:45:36Z","timestamp":1791395136731,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>During embryonic development, the T-box transcription factor TBX2 regulates key processes such as cell fate decisions, migration and tissue morphogenesis, and mutations that lead to reduced TBX2 levels result in developmental abnormalities including congenital heart and skeletal defects. TBX2, on the other hand, is overexpressed in a plethora of cancers where it functions as a powerful oncogene contributing to processes ranging from the bypass of senescence and cell death pathways to the promotion of cell proliferation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition to drive invasion and metastasis. Additionally, TBX2 has been implicated in conferring resistance to anti-cancer drugs resulting in poor therapeutic outcomes. To exert its oncogenic functions, TBX2 transcriptionally represses key tumour suppressor genes involved in controlling cell proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition such as p21Cip1, p14\/p19ARF PTEN, NDRG1, CST6 and E-cadherin. This repression has been shown to involve complex mechanisms by which TBX2 co-opts transcription factors and recruits co-repression complexes to the promoters of these tumour suppressor genes. While limited information is available on how TBX2 is regulated in cancers, there is evidence that the levels and oncogenic functions of TBX2 are induced by developmental signalling pathways that are hijacked by cancer cells such as the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin and PI3K\/AKT pathways. Understanding the complex molecular networks that TBX2 is involved in to exert its oncogenic functions is important because it may reveal potential therapeutic strategies for targeting TBX2 in TBX2-dependent cancers. This minireview discusses TBX2\u2019s involvement in cancer signalling, its regulatory partners, and its impact on cancer progression and resistance to therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/bst20241069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T09:36:34Z","timestamp":1738834594000},"page":"193-204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Exploring the oncogenic roles of T-box transcription factor TBX2 and its potential as a therapeutic target"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Claire","family":"Bellis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihlali V.","family":"Mlaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abid","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amaal","family":"Abrahams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6975-5255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26120","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M200403200","article-title":"The T-box repressors TBX2 and TBX3 specifically regulate the tumor suppressor gene p14ARF via a variant T-site in the initiator","volume":"277","author":"Lingbeek","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/81583","article-title":"Senescence bypass screen identifies TBX2, which represses Cdkn2a (p19(ARF)) and is amplified in a subset of human breast cancers","volume":"26","author":"Jacobs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.275","article-title":"The T-box transcription factor Tbx2: Its role in development and possible implication in cancer","volume":"62","author":"Abrahams","year":"2010","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-01719-2","article-title":"Context-dependent T-BOX transcription factor family: from biology to targeted therapy","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003189","article-title":"Tbx2 controls lung growth by direct repression of the cell cycle inhibitor genes Cdkn1a and Cdkn1b","volume":"9","author":"L\u00fcdtke","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS Genet."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.39.073003.105925","article-title":"T-box genes in vertebrate development","volume":"39","author":"Naiche","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C7","first-page":"3819","article-title":"The T-box gene family: Emerging roles in development, stem cells and cancer","volume":"141","author":"Papaioannou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Development (Rome)"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(01)00878-2","article-title":"Murine Tbx2 contains domains that activate and repress gene transcription","volume":"283","author":"Paxton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOMG.0000037156.64331.3f","article-title":"The role of Tbx2 and Tbx3 in mammary development and tumorigenesis","volume":"9","author":"Rowley","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C10","first-page":"4897","article-title":"T-box transcription factors and their roles in regulatory hierarchies in the developing heart","volume":"132","author":"Stennard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Development (Rome)"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C11","first-page":"380","article-title":"T-box transcription factors in cancer biology","volume":"1846","author":"Wansleben","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1995.1139","article-title":"Cloning and mapping of a human gene (TBX2) sharing a highly conserved protein motif with the Drosophila omb gene","volume":"28","author":"Campbell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.348746.121","article-title":"TBX2 controls a proproliferative gene expression program in melanoma","volume":"35","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6154","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac494","article-title":"TBX2 acts as a potent transcriptional silencer of tumour suppressor genes through interaction with the CoREST complex to sustain the proliferation of breast cancers","volume":"50","author":"McIntyre","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-018-2998-2","article-title":"Transcriptional repression of the ectodomain sheddase ADAM10 by TBX2 and potential implication for alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"76","author":"Reinhardt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210701","article-title":"Ectopic Tbx2 expression results in polyploidy and cisplatin resistance","volume":"27","author":"Davis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e846","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2013.365","article-title":"A novel role for the anti-senescence factor TBX2 in DNA repair and cisplatin resistance","volume":"4","author":"Wansleben","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C18","first-page":"3085","article-title":"TBX2 expression is associated with platinum-sensitivity of ovarian serous carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Tasaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2020.03.001","article-title":"Loss of chd1 promotes heterogeneous mechanisms of resistance to ar-targeted therapy via chromatin dysregulation","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-1059","article-title":"Hallmarks of cancer: new dimensions","volume":"12","author":"Hanahan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C21","first-page":"1016","article-title":"Revisiting the hallmarks of cancer","volume":"7","author":"Fouad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Cancer Res"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-03-3286","article-title":"Tbx2 directly represses the expression of the p21(WAF1) cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor","volume":"64","author":"Prince","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2260","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-3045","article-title":"Tbx2 is overexpressed and plays an important role in maintaining proliferation and suppression of senescence in melanomas","volume":"65","author":"Vance","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4212","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2015.486","article-title":"TBX2 represses PTEN in rhabdomyosarcoma and skeletal muscle","volume":"35","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28721","article-title":"TBX2 blocks myogenesis and promotes proliferation in rhabdomyosarcoma cells","volume":"135","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52699","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17084","article-title":"TBX2 over-expression promotes nasopharyngeal cancer cell proliferation and invasion","volume":"8","author":"Lv","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3252","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2010.84","article-title":"T-box 2 represses NDRG1 through an EGR1-dependent mechanism to drive the proliferation of breast cancer cells","volume":"29","author":"Redmond","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.1707","article-title":"TBX2 represses CST6 resulting in uncontrolled legumain activity to sustain breast cancer proliferation: a novel cancer-selective target pathway with therapeutic opportunities","volume":"5","author":"D\u2019Costa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5971","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-019-0853-z","article-title":"TBX2 interacts with heterochromatin protein 1 to recruit a novel repression complex to EGR1-targeted promoters to drive the proliferation of breast cancer cells","volume":"38","author":"Crawford","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41389-019-0137-z","article-title":"TBX3 represses TBX2 under the control of the PRC2 complex in skeletal muscle and rhabdomyosarcoma","volume":"8","author":"Oh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncogenesis"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M705651200","article-title":"UV-mediated regulation of the anti-senescence factor Tbx2","volume":"283","author":"Abrahams","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2009.01.006","article-title":"Expression of TBX2 promotes anchorage-independent growth and survival in the p53-negative SW13 adrenocortical carcinoma","volume":"278","author":"Ismail","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2024.155673","article-title":"Circ_0060927 promotes colorectal cancer development by sponging miR-331-3p and upregulating TBX2","volume":"264","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-013-0688-3","article-title":"Increased expression of TBX2 is a novel independent prognostic biomarker of a worse outcome in colorectal cancer patients after curative surgery and a potential therapeutic target","volume":"30","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adtp.202200306","article-title":"TBX2-WNT3A Axis mediates the development of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo","volume":"6","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Advanced Therapeutics"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C36","first-page":"723","article-title":"TBX2 overexpression promotes proliferation and invasion through epithelial\u2011mesenchymal transition and ERK signaling pathway","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S124012","article-title":"Tbx2 confers poor prognosis in glioblastoma and promotes temozolomide resistance with change of mitochondrial dynamics","volume":"10","author":"Yi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Onco. Targets Ther."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.31636","article-title":"TBX2 identified as a potential predictor of bone metastasis in lung Adenocarcinoma via integrated bioinformatics analyses and verification of functional assay","volume":"11","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cancer"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C39","article-title":"The t box transcription factor tbx2 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion of normal and malignant breast epithelial cells","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C40","article-title":"The expression level of T-box transcription factor TBX2 in breast cancer and its clinical significance","volume":"8","author":"Alqatati","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Cancer Research Journal"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C41","first-page":"118","article-title":"Expression and clinical significance of tbx2 in pancreatic cancer","volume":"10","author":"Duo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6050","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.7361","article-title":"Effect of silencing the T\u2011Box transcription factor TBX2 in prostate cancer PC3 and LNCaP cells","volume":"16","author":"Du","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-0497","article-title":"Bone metastasis of prostate cancer can be therapeutically targeted at the TBX2-WNT signaling axis","volume":"77","author":"Nandana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-010-0635-y","article-title":"Expression of PSCA, PIWIL1 and TBX2 and its correlation with HPV16 infection in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cervical squamous cell carcinoma specimens","volume":"155","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1159\/000305098","article-title":"Expression of PSCA, PIWIL1, and TBX2 in endometrial adenocarcinoma","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Onkologie"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3172","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.34929","article-title":"Tbx2 expression predicts tumor recurrence and adjuvant chemotherapy benefits in gastric cancer patients following r0 resection: a proposed approach for risk stratification","volume":"11","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cancer"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4036","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01342-10","article-title":"A pathway for the control of anoikis sensitivity by E-cadherin and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition","volume":"31","author":"Kumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2020.100773","article-title":"Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer: a historical overview","volume":"13","author":"Ribatti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Oncol."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C49","article-title":"Clinical significance of TBX2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and its role in cell migration and invasion","volume":"24","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Review for Medical & Pharmacological Sciences"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-18-0763","article-title":"E-cadherin represses anchorage-independent growth in sarcomas through both signaling and mechanical mechanisms","volume":"17","author":"Jolly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2020.08.024","article-title":"MicroRNA-7 targets T-Box 2 to inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasiveness in glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"493","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1007\/s10330-008-0054-7","article-title":"The role of Tbx2 in pancreatic cancers and its regulation by Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chin. -Ger. J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1730-1","article-title":"A view on drug resistance in cancer","volume":"575","author":"Vasan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature New Biol."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.2174\/1389203723666220823152239","article-title":"T-Box transcription factor 2 enhances chemoresistance of endometrial cancer by mediating NRF2 expression","volume":"23","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Protein Pept. Sci."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1039\/C7MB00334J","article-title":"RNA-sequencing dissects the transcriptome of polyploid cancer cells that are resistant to combined treatments of cisplatin with paclitaxel and docetaxel","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Biosyst."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18084","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.24726","article-title":"EGR1 interacts with TBX2 and functions as a tumor suppressor in rhabdomyosarcoma","volume":"9","author":"Mohamad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C57","first-page":"1","article-title":"T-Box transcription factor 2 mediates chemoresistance of endometrial cancer via regulating FSP1-involved Ferroptosis","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Biophys"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2020.00110","article-title":"Targeting the oncogenic tbx2 transcription factor with chromomycins","volume":"8","author":"Sahm","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70303","article-title":"A high-throughput drug repurposing strategy to treat tbx2 and\/or tbx3 dependent cancers","volume":"13","author":"Bleloch","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1177\/1947601910365160","article-title":"The highly homologous t-box transcription factors, tbx2 and tbx3, have distinct roles in the oncogenic process","volume":"1","author":"Peres","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genes Cancer"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4068\/cmj.2016.52.1.1","article-title":"HDAC and HDAC inhibitor: from cancer to cardiovascular diseases","volume":"52","author":"Yoon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chonnam Med. J."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2023.02.007","article-title":"Targeting histone deacetylases for cancer therapy: Trends and challenges","volume":"13","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc-2017-0068","article-title":"Advances toward LSD1 inhibitors for cancer therapy","volume":"9","author":"Fu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Future Med. Chem."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17207","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.4c01098","article-title":"Syntheses of lsd1\/hdac inhibitors with demonstrated efficacy against colorectal cancer: in vitro and in vivo studies including patient-derived organoids","volume":"67","author":"Chou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02242-4","article-title":"Targeting the CoREST complex with dual histone deacetylase and demethylase inhibitors","volume":"9","author":"Kalin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115474","article-title":"Mithramycin inhibits SP1 binding and selectively inhibits transcriptional activity of the dihydrofolate reductase gene in vitro and in vivo","volume":"88","author":"Blume","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.05.008","article-title":"Sp1 transcription factor: A long-standing target in cancer chemotherapy","volume":"152","author":"Vizca\u00edno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5123","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.524","article-title":"Doxorubicin promotes transcriptional upregulation of Cdc25B in cancer cells by releasing Sp1 from the promoter","volume":"32","author":"Dalvai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-06-0426","article-title":"Mithramycin A sensitizes cancer cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by down-regulation of XIAP gene promoter through Sp1 sites","volume":"5","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2010.03.020","article-title":"Inhibition of Sp1-dependent transcription and antitumor activity of the new aureolic acid analogues mithramycin SDK and SK in human ovarian cancer xenografts","volume":"118","author":"Previdi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gynecol. Oncol."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6858","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0710-11.2011","article-title":"Mithramycin is a gene-selective Sp1 inhibitor that identifies a biological intersection between cancer and neurodegeneration","volume":"31","author":"Sleiman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3186","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6553","article-title":"Combination of Tolfenamic acid and curcumin induces colon cancer cell growth inhibition through modulating specific transcription factors and reactive oxygen species","volume":"7","author":"Sankpal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2010.03.011","article-title":"N-acetyl cysteine mitigates curcumin-mediated telomerase inhibition through rescuing of Sp1 reduction in A549 cells","volume":"688","author":"Hsin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mutation Research\/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7555","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.7555","article-title":"Six-year safety and efficacy results from the CHRONOS-1 study of the PI3K inhibitor copanlisib in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma","volume":"41","author":"Dreyling","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx289","article-title":"Phase II study of copanlisib, a PI3K inhibitor, in relapsed or refractory, indolent or aggressive lymphoma","volume":"28","author":"Dreyling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1813904","article-title":"Alpelisib for pik3ca-mutated, hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer4o mini","volume":"380","author":"Andr\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4172","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-3978","article-title":"Antihelminth compound niclosamide downregulates Wnt signaling and elicits antitumor responses in tumors with activating APC mutations","volume":"71","author":"Osada","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029290","article-title":"Niclosamide suppresses cancer cell growth by inducing wnt co-receptor lrp6 degradation and inhibiting the wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway","volume":"6","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2018.1456461","article-title":"A comprehensive analysis of Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway-related genes and crosstalk pathways in the treatment of As(2)O(3) in renal cancer","volume":"40","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ren. Fail"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C80","first-page":"4101","article-title":"Targeting the wnt\/beta-catenin pathway in renal cell carcinoma","volume":"34","author":"Schmeel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.901667","article-title":"Targeting of wnt\/\u03b2-catenin by anthelmintic drug pyrvinium enhances sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapy","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-021-00654-2","article-title":"Pyrvinium pamoate regulates MGMT expression through suppressing the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway to enhance the glioblastoma sensitivity to temozolomide","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"key":"2025032416223180200_BST-2024-1069C83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2022.102479","article-title":"Pyrvinium doubles against WNT-driven cancer","volume":"298","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."}],"container-title":["Biochemical Society Transactions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/biochemsoctrans\/article-pdf\/53\/01\/193\/967940\/bst-2024-1069.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/biochemsoctrans\/article-pdf\/53\/01\/193\/967940\/bst-2024-1069.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T12:30:55Z","timestamp":1742819455000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/biochemsoctrans\/article\/53\/01\/193\/235671\/Exploring-the-oncogenic-roles-of-T-box"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bst20241069","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-5127","1470-8752"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-5127","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-8752","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}}}