{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T11:56:19Z","timestamp":1780401379397,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>1. Thinness at birth is associated with insulin resistance in adult life and an apparent delay in activation of glycolysis\/glycogenolysis in exercising skeletal muscle. As developmental abnormalities of skeletal muscle histology or metabolism may explain this association we examined muscle histology, biochemistry and blood flow in a group of 27 adult women whose birth details were known.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>2. Subjects were examined by near-infrared spectroscopy to determine forearm muscle oxygen supply, and by muscle biopsy and forearm plethysmography. Those with a ponderal index at birth &amp;lt; 23 kg\/m3 were insulin resistant (assessed by the short insulin-tolerance test \u2014 mean rate constants for glucose disappearance = 4.14 compared with 4.83%\/min, P = 0.045) and had significantly more rapid muscle reoxygenation than the remainder of the subjects (13 compared with 22 s, P = 0.004).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>3. Thinness at birth did not influence muscle capillary density, muscle glycogen content, glycogen synthase activity, citrate synthase activity or resting forearm blood flow.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>4. Insulin resistance seen after fetal malnutrition was not associated with abnormal muscle histology, resting muscle blood flow, mitochondrial volume or glycogen content.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>5. The increase in muscle reoxygenation rate in adult subjects who were thin at birth could occur to promote oxidative ATP synthesis in compensation for the delay in activation of glycolysis\/glycogenolysis. It suggests altered regulation rather than structure of the muscle microcirculation. These changes appear to antedate the structural and biochemical changes seen in muscle from patients with established diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0920291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,7]],"date-time":"2015-08-07T11:39:42Z","timestamp":1438947582000},"page":"291-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Fetal Growth and Insulin Resistance in Adult Life: Role of Skeletal Muscle Morphology"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"C. H.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Biochemical and Clinical Magnetic Resonance Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. L.","family":"Sanderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Biochemical and Clinical Magnetic Resonance Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Sandeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Borthwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. K.","family":"Radda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Biochemical and Clinical Magnetic Resonance Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. I. W.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","container-title":["Clinical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/clinsci\/article-pdf\/92\/3\/291\/466381\/cs0920291.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/clinsci\/article-pdf\/92\/3\/291\/466381\/cs0920291.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T23:18:15Z","timestamp":1638400695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/clinsci\/article\/92\/3\/291\/77016\/Fetal-Growth-and-Insulin-Resistance-in-Adult-Life"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,3,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/cs0920291","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-5221","1470-8736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-5221","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-8736","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,3,1]]}}}