{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T05:19:03Z","timestamp":1776748743447,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>MB (mouth breathing) promotes the occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing even in non-apnoeic subjects. Considering that MO (mouth opening) contributes to an increase in UA (upper airway) collapsibility independently of MB, the aim of the present study was to assess the influence of breathing route on UA dynamics in the presence of MO. Bilateral anterior magnetic phrenic nerve stimulation was performed 2\u00a0s after expiratory onset in 12 healthy male subjects during wakefulness (age, 50\u00b15\u00a0years; body mass index, 27.8\u00b12.4\u00a0kg\/m2) during MB through a mouthpiece and during exclusive NB (nasal breathing) with the same mouthpiece in place. Twitch-induced V\u0307I (instantaneous flow), Pph and Pes (pharyngeal and oesophageal pressures respectively) were recorded and the corresponding resistances were measured. A polynomial regression model, V\u0307I=k1Pd+k2Pd2, was used to characterize flow\u2013pressure relationship and to determine the Pd value at which UA collapses. There was no difference in UA dynamic properties between NB and MB when UA collapse occurred above the pharyngeal catheter. For twitches where UA collapse occurred lower in the UA, pharyngeal resistance decreased from NB to MB (2.0\u00b10.3 and 1.5\u00b10.2\u00a0cmH2O\u00b7l\u22121\u00b7s respectively; P=0.02; values are means\u00b1S.D.), whereas closing pressure increased (\u221225.7\u00b110.1 and \u221218.0\u00b13.0\u00a0cmH2O respectively; P=0.04). We conclude that (i) in the presence of MO the dynamic properties of the proximal UA free of phasic activity do not differ between NB and MB, and (ii) MB decreases the upstream resistance and increases collapsibility of the distal UA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20060038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,14]],"date-time":"2006-10-14T01:31:10Z","timestamp":1160789470000},"page":"349-355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Influences of the breathing route on upper airway dynamics properties in normal awake subjects with constant mouth opening"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Recherche, H\u00f4pital Laval, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada G1V 4G5"},{"name":"First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang City, Liao Ning Province 110001, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Verin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Physiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rouen, 76031 Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"S\u00e9ri\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Recherche, H\u00f4pital Laval, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada G1V 4G5"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120120401704200_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1681.1999.02988.x","article-title":"Upper airway function and dysfunction in respiration","volume":"26","author":"Pierce","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. 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