{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T12:50:44Z","timestamp":1775479844787,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Generating a pneumococcal vaccine that is serotype independent and cost effective remains a global challenge. \u03b3-Irradiation has been used widely to sterilize biological products. It can also be utilized as an inactivation technique to generate whole-cell bacterial and viral vaccines with minimal impact on pathogen structure and antigenic determinants. In the present study, we utilized \u03b3-irradiation to inactivate an un-encapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae strain Rx1 with an unmarked deletion of the autolysin gene lytA and with the pneumolysin gene ply replaced with an allele encoding a non-toxic pneumolysoid (PdT) (designated \u03b3-PN vaccine). Intranasal vaccination of C57BL\/6 mice with \u03b3-PN was shown to elicit serotype-independent protection in lethal challenge models of pneumococcal pneumonia and sepsis. Vaccine efficacy was shown to be reliant on B-cells and interleukin (IL)-17A responses. Interestingly, immunization promoted IL-17 production by innate cells not T helper 17 (Th17) cells. These data are the first to report the development of a non-adjuvanted intranasal \u03b3-irradiated pneumococcal vaccine that generates effective serotype-independent protection, which is mediated by both humoral and innate IL-17 responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20150699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,2]],"date-time":"2016-02-02T03:03:53Z","timestamp":1454382233000},"page":"697-710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Intranasal vaccination with \u03b3-irradiated <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/i> whole-cell vaccine provides serotype-independent protection mediated by B-cells and innate IL-17 responses"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Rachelle","family":"Babb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Austen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy\u00a0R.","family":"Hirst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"},{"name":"Gamma Vaccines Pty Ltd, Mountbatten Park, Yarralumla, ACT 2600, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ervin\u00a0E.","family":"Kara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaun\u00a0R.","family":"McColl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abiodun\u00a0D.","family":"Ogunniyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James\u00a0C.","family":"Paton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Alsharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"},{"name":"Gamma Vaccines Pty Ltd, Mountbatten Park, Yarralumla, ACT 2600, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021113010480316500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1871","article-title":"The role of Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factors in host respiratory colonization and disease","volume":"6","author":"Kadioglu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70411-X","article-title":"Bacterial pneumonia vaccines and childhood pneumonia: are we winning, refining, or redefining?","volume":"6","author":"Obaro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61114-4","article-title":"Pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia","volume":"374","author":"van der Poll","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/148.6.1136","article-title":"Considerations for formulating the second-generation pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine with emphasis on the cross-reactive types\u00a0within groups","volume":"148","author":"Robbins","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/148.1.131","article-title":"Antibody response to pneumococcal vaccination in children younger than five years of age","volume":"148","author":"Douglas","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2478(91)90036-A","article-title":"Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines","volume":"30","author":"Peeters","year":"1991","journal-title":"Immunol. Lett."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62225-8","article-title":"Serotype replacement in disease after pneumococcal vaccination","volume":"378","author":"Weinberger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3623","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121383109","article-title":"Serotype-independent pneumococcal experimental vaccines that induce cellular as well as humoral immunity","volume":"109","author":"Malley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.01.034","article-title":"Broad antibody and T cell reactivity induced by a pneumococcal whole-cell vaccine","volume":"30","author":"Moffitt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.01.007","article-title":"T(H)17-based vaccine design for prevention of Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization","volume":"9","author":"Moffitt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01391-13","article-title":"Mucosal immunization with recombinant fusion protein DnaJ-DeltaA146Ply enhances cross-protective immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in mice via interleukin 17A","volume":"82","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5460","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00773-07","article-title":"Antibody-independent, CD4+ T-cell-dependent protection against pneumococcal colonization elicited by intranasal immunization with purified pneumococcal proteins","volume":"75","author":"Basset","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3109\/07388558909036741","article-title":"Ethanol tolerance in bacteria","volume":"9","author":"Ingram","year":"1990","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.05.013","article-title":"Vaccination with irradiated Listeria induces protective T cell immunity","volume":"25","author":"Datta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2009.81","article-title":"The gamma-irradiated influenza vaccine and the prospect of producing safe vaccines in general","volume":"88","author":"Alsharifi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-10-419","article-title":"Radiation inactivation of foodborne pathogens on frozen seafood products","volume":"74","author":"Sommers","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Food Prot."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2007.05.038","article-title":"The influence of radiation sterilization on thiamphenicol","volume":"69","author":"Marciniec","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.16.4.704-708.1982","article-title":"Inactivation of Lassa, Marburg, and Ebola viruses by gamma irradiation","volume":"16","author":"Elliott","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-3542(01)00169-3","article-title":"Comparison of gamma and neutron radiation inactivation of influenza A virus","volume":"52","author":"Lowy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antiviral. Res."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B20","first-page":"1429","article-title":"Induction of antigen-specific Th1-type immune responses by gamma-irradiated recombinant Brucella abortus RB51","volume":"12","author":"Sanakkayala","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00293-15","article-title":"Multivalent pneumococcal protein vaccines comprising pneumolysoid with epitopes\/fragments of CbpA and\/or PspA elicit strong and broad protection","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccine Immunol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4870","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.8.4870-4873.2001","article-title":"Intranasal immunization with killed unencapsulated whole cells prevents colonization and invasive disease by capsulated pneumococci","volume":"69","author":"Malley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4122","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05418-11","article-title":"Pneumolysin with low hemolytic activity confers an early growth advantage to Streptococcus pneumoniae in the blood","volume":"79","author":"Harvey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(93)17067-F","article-title":"Gene splicing by overlap extension","volume":"217","author":"Horton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.2.981-985.1999","article-title":"Comparative virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains with insertion-duplication, point, and deletion mutations in the pneumolysin gene","volume":"67","author":"Berry","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04164.x","article-title":"Molecular analysis of the psa permease complex of Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"53","author":"McAllister","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.40.2.548-552.1983","article-title":"Effect of immunization with pneumolysin on survival time of mice challenged with Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"40","author":"Paton","year":"1983","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01033-12","article-title":"Site of isolation determines biofilm formation and virulence phenotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 clinical isolates","volume":"81","author":"Trappetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01491-14","article-title":"Protective immunity against recurrent Staphylococcus aureus skin infection requires antibody and interleukin-17A","volume":"82","author":"Montgomery","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000159","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000159","article-title":"Interleukin-17A mediates acquired immunity to pneumococcal colonization","volume":"4","author":"Lu","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2011.02.006","article-title":"PI3Kdelta drives the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibiting effector T cell apoptosis and promoting Th17 differentiation","volume":"36","author":"Haylock-Jacobs","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70466-2","article-title":"Interactions between influenza and bacterial respiratory pathogens: implications for pandemic preparedness","volume":"6","author":"Brundage","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0313180","article-title":"Lung-resident memory CD8 T cells (TRM) are indispensable for optimal cross-protection against pulmonary virus infection","volume":"95","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003057","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003057","article-title":"Viral and bacterial interactions in the upper respiratory tract","volume":"9","author":"Bosch","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.1.222-228.1991","article-title":"PspA, a surface protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae, is capable of eliciting protection against pneumococci of more than one capsular type","volume":"59","author":"McDaniel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1996.tb52954.x","article-title":"Systemic and mucosal protective immunity to pneumococcal surface protein, A","volume":"797","author":"Briles","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01403-06","article-title":"Interleukin-12 promotes gamma interferon-dependent neutrophil recruitment in the lung and improves protection against respiratory Streptococcus pneumoniae infection","volume":"75","author":"Sun","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201004-0592OC","article-title":"Interferon-gamma production by neutrophils during bacterial pneumonia in mice","volume":"183","author":"Yamada","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2009.12.004","article-title":"The immunising effect of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonisation; protection against future colonisation and fatal invasive disease","volume":"215","author":"Richards","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B40","first-page":"1899","article-title":"Cellular effectors mediating Th17-dependent clearance of pneumococcal colonization in mice","volume":"119","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12087","article-title":"Tissue-resident memory T cells","volume":"255","author":"Shin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.8.981","article-title":"Protection from respiratory virus infections can be mediated by antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells that persist in the lungs","volume":"193","author":"Hogan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001191","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001191","article-title":"Pneumolysin activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and promotes proinflammatory cytokines independently of TLR4","volume":"6","author":"McNeela","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20061551","article-title":"Identification of an IL-17-producing NK1.1(neg) iNKT cell population involved in airway neutrophilia","volume":"204","author":"Michel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2006.11.015","article-title":"Accumulation of gamma\/delta T cells in the lungs and their roles in neutrophil-mediated host defense against pneumococcal infection","volume":"9","author":"Nakasone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.26.1.131-136.1979","article-title":"Gamma-irradiated scrub typhus immunogens: broad-spectrum immunity with combinations of rickettsial strains","volume":"26","author":"Eisenberg","year":"1979","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2582","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.6.2582-2589.1994","article-title":"Phase variation in pneumococcal opacity: relationship between colonial morphology and nasopharyngeal colonization","volume":"62","author":"Weiser","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.6.2240-2245.1996","article-title":"Relationship between phase variation in colony morphology, intrastrain variation in cell wall physiology, and nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"64","author":"Weiser","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.018168-0","article-title":"Effect of inactivation method on the cross-protective immunity induced by whole \u2018killed\u2019 influenza A viruses and commercial vaccine preparations","volume":"91","author":"Furuya","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5807","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.10.5807-5813.2004","article-title":"Limited role of antibody in clearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in a murine model of colonization","volume":"72","author":"McCool","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0020015","article-title":"Are anticapsular antibodies the primary mechanism of protection against invasive pneumococcal disease?","volume":"2","author":"Lipsitch","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4848","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501254102","article-title":"CD4+ T cells mediate antibody-independent acquired immunity to pneumococcal colonization","volume":"102","author":"Malley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201302890","article-title":"Activation of IL-27 signalling promotes development of postinfluenza pneumococcal pneumonia","volume":"6","author":"Cao","year":"2014","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2015.02.002","article-title":"The immunology of influenza virus-associated bacterial pneumonia","volume":"34","author":"Robinson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00114-0","article-title":"The additive benefits of influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations during influenza seasons among elderly persons with chronic lung disease","volume":"17","author":"Nichol","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002194","article-title":"Influenza A inhibits Th17-mediated host defense against bacterial pneumonia in mice","volume":"186","author":"Kudva","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir657","article-title":"Sex-based differences in susceptibility to respiratory and systemic pneumococcal disease in mice","volume":"204","author":"Kadioglu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3482","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.5.3482","article-title":"IL-17 markedly up-regulates beta-defensin-2 expression in human airway epithelium via JAK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways","volume":"173","author":"Kao","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-4-12","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of innate immune molecules against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12304","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01269-12","article-title":"Type I interferon induction during influenza virus infection increases susceptibility to secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by negative regulation of gammadelta T cells","volume":"86","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20229","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020229","article-title":"Effect of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on Staphylococcus aureus colonisation in a randomised controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"van Gils","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01103-06","article-title":"Development of a vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease based on combinations of virulence proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"75","author":"Ogunniyi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2021113010480316500_B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2014.931936","article-title":"Intranasal formulations: promising strategy to deliver vaccines","volume":"11","author":"Riese","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Deliv."}],"container-title":["Clinical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/clinsci\/article-pdf\/130\/9\/697\/447562\/cs1300697.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/clinsci\/article-pdf\/130\/9\/697\/447562\/cs1300697.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T11:36:06Z","timestamp":1638272166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/clinsci\/article\/130\/9\/697\/71539\/Intranasal-vaccination-with-irradiated"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/cs20150699","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-5221","1470-8736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-5221","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-8736","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]]}}}