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Insulin secretion, \u03b2-cell apoptosis, intracellular insulin and leptin mediators, and oxidative stress (OS) markers were also measured in islets isolated from each experimental group. HS rats had increased plasma triglyceride, insulin, leptin, and lipid peroxidation (OS marker) levels associated with an insulin-resistant state. Their islets developed an initial compensatory increase in glucose-induced insulin secretion and mRNA and protein levels of \u03b2-cell apoptotic markers. They also showed a significant decrease in mRNA and protein levels of insulin and leptin signaling pathway mediators. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-\u03b1 and -\u03b4 mRNA and protein levels were increased whereas mRNA levels of Sirtuin-1 (Sirt-1), glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were significantly lower in these animals. Development of all these endocrine-metabolic abnormalities was prevented by co-administration of R\/S \u03b1-lipoic acid together with sucrose. OS may be actively involved in the mechanism by which unbalanced\/unhealthy diet induces \u03b2-cell dysfunction. Since metabolic-endocrine dysfunctions recorded in HS rats resembled those measured in human pre-diabetes, knowledge of its molecular mechanism could help to develop appropriate strategies to prevent the progression of this metabolic state toward type 2 diabetes (T2D).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20171616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]],"date-time":"2018-04-06T17:15:33Z","timestamp":1523034933000},"page":"869-881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Impaired endocrine-metabolic homeostasis: underlying mechanism of its induction by unbalanced diet"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"B\u00e1rbara","family":"Maiztegui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CENEXA, Centro de Endocrinolog\u00eda Experimental y Aplicada (UNLP-CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas UNLP, 60 y 120 (s\/n), 4to piso, La Plata 1900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina\u00a0Lisi","family":"Rom\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENEXA, Centro de Endocrinolog\u00eda Experimental y Aplicada (UNLP-CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas UNLP, 60 y 120 (s\/n), 4to piso, La Plata 1900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan\u00a0Jos\u00e9","family":"Gagliardino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENEXA, Centro de Endocrinolog\u00eda Experimental y Aplicada (UNLP-CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas UNLP, 60 y 120 (s\/n), 4to piso, La Plata 1900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis\u00a0Emilio","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENEXA, Centro de Endocrinolog\u00eda Experimental y Aplicada (UNLP-CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas UNLP, 60 y 120 (s\/n), 4to piso, La Plata 1900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021113011001304500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1079","article-title":"Sugar-sweetened beverages and risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Malik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2021113011001304500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2759","article-title":"Sedentary behaviour as a new behavioural target in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes","volume":"32","author":"Henson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. 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