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The amplified signal was then connected to a real-time color spectrogram program running on a laptop personal computer utilizing the Windows operating system. Based on the results obtained, we hypothesize that the real-time display of color spectrogram breathing patterns locally or at a central monitoring station may turn out to be a useful means of respiratory monitoring in patients at increased risk of respiratory depression or other respiratory problems. Finally, we conducted a statistical analysis that suggests that significant spectrogram differences may exist among some groups investigated in the study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20180748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]],"date-time":"2018-11-12T12:44:23Z","timestamp":1542026663000},"page":"2599-2607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Color spectrographic respiratory monitoring from the external ear canal"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"Kamal","family":"Jafarian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0430-9606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamran","family":"Hassani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.\u00a0John","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad\u00a0Niakan","family":"Lahiji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Rasoool-e-Akram Complex Hospital, Trauma and Injury Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omid\u00a0Moradi","family":"Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Rasoool-e-Akram Complex Hospital, Trauma and Injury Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ala","family":"Saket","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Majidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Izadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021113011000089300_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1011512","article-title":"A flood of opioids, a rising tide of deaths","volume":"363","author":"Okie","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. 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