{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:02:37Z","timestamp":1787497357973,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, whereby mature epithelial cells undergo phenotype transition and differentiate into motile, invasive cells, has been indicated in tumor metastasis. The melatonin hormone secreted by the pineal gland has an antioxidant effect and protects cells against carcinogenic substances that reduce tumor progression. However, the effects of melatonin in EMT and lung cancer metastasis are largely unknown. We found that melatonin down-regulated EMT by inhibiting Twist\/Twist1 (twist family bHLH transcription factor 1) expression. This effect was mediated by MT1 receptor, PLC, p38\/ERK and \u03b2-catenin signaling cascades. Twist expression was positively correlated with tumor stage and negatively correlated with MT1 expression in lung cancer specimens. Furthermore, melatonin inhibited EMT marker expression and lung cancer metastasis to liver in vivo. Finally, melatonin shows promise in the treatment of lung cancer metastasis and deserves further study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20180945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T08:26:22Z","timestamp":1551169582000},"page":"709-722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Melatonin suppresses lung cancer metastasis by inhibition of epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition through targeting to Twist"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Chia-Chia","family":"Chao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Therapy, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po-Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-Chen","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin-Jung","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po-I","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russel\u00a0J.","family":"Reiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun-Fa","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7113-8352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Hsin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021113012301530600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.57.1.43","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2007","volume":"57","author":"Jemal","year":"2007","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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