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This cytokine participates in host defense, autoimmune and chronic inflammatory pathologies, and cardiovascular diseases, mainly through the regulation of proinflammatory factors. Emerging evidence also suggests that IL-17A could play a role in regulating blood pressure and end-organ damage. Here, our preclinical studies in a murine model of systemic IL-17A administration showed that increased levels of circulating IL-17A raised blood pressure induced inward remodeling of small mesenteric arteries (SMAs) and arterial stiffness. In IL-17A-infused mice, treatment with hydralazine and hydrochlorothiazide diminished blood pressure elevation, without modifying mechanical and structural properties of SMA, suggesting a direct vascular effect of IL-17A. The mechanisms of IL-17A seem to involve an induction of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) hypertrophy and phenotype changes, in the absence of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins accumulation. Accordingly, treatment with an IL-17A neutralizing antibody diminished SMA remodeling in a model of angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion. Moreover, in vitro studies in VSMCs reported here, provide further evidence of the direct effects of IL-17A on cell growth responses. Our experimental data suggest that IL-17A is a key mediator of vascular remodeling of the small arteries, which might contribute, at least in part, to blood pressure elevation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20190682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T12:39:04Z","timestamp":1582807144000},"page":"513-527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Interleukin-17A induces vascular remodeling of small arteries and blood pressure elevation"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Macarena","family":"Orejudo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Madrid, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana\u00a0B.","family":"Garc\u00eda-Redondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Madrid, Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2456-6709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ra\u00fal\u00a0R.","family":"Rodrigues-Diez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Madrid, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Rodrigues-D\u00edez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Madrid, Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Santos-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Madrid, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Tejera-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundaci\u00f3n 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