{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T14:42:14Z","timestamp":1790347334424,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"22","content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a circulating complex of lipids and proteins known primarily for its role in reverse cholesterol transport and consequent protection from atheroma. In spite of this, therapies aimed at increasing HDL concentration do not reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and as such focus has shifted towards other HDL functions protective of vascular health \u2013 including vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-thrombotic actions. It has been demonstrated that in disease states such as CVD and conditions of insulin resistance such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), HDL function is impaired owing to changes in the abundance and function of HDL-associated lipids and proteins, resulting in reduced vascular protection. However, the gold standard density ultracentrifugation technique used in the isolation of HDL also co-isolates extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are ubiquitous cell-derived particles with lipid bilayers that carry a number of lipids, proteins and DNA\/RNA\/miRNAs involved in cell-to-cell communication. EVs transfer their bioactive load through interaction with cell surface receptors, membrane fusion and endocytic pathways, and have been implicated in both cardiovascular and metabolic diseases \u2013 both as protective and pathogenic mediators. Given that studies using density ultracentrifugation to isolate HDL also co-isolate EVs, biological effects attributed to HDL may be confounded by EVs. We hypothesise that some of HDL\u2019s vascular protective functions in cardiovascular and metabolic disease may be mediated by EVs. Elucidating the contribution of EVs to HDL functions will provide better understanding of vascular protection and function in conditions of insulin resistance and potentially provide novel therapeutic targets for such diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20200892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T10:19:34Z","timestamp":1605781174000},"page":"2977-2986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["High-density lipoprotein\u2019s vascular protective functions in metabolic and cardiovascular disease \u2013 could extracellular vesicles be at play?"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6978-3072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jack\u00a0D.","family":"Beazer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Link Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patamat","family":"Patanapirunhakit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Link Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason\u00a0M.R.","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Link Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delyth","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Link Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Ljunggren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique\u00a0T.","family":"Mulder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pharmacology, Vascular and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilys\u00a0J.","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Link Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021113011173328400_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-74-1-1","article-title":"Serum cholesterol, lipoproteins, and the risk of coronary heart disease. The Framingham study","volume":"74","author":"Kannel","year":"1971","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(77)90874-9","article-title":"High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease: The Framingham study","volume":"62","author":"Gordon","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3C","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(86)91020-9","article-title":"Atherosclerosis and lipoprotein metabolism: Role of reverse cholesterol transport","volume":"57","author":"Roheim","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1609581","article-title":"Evacetrapib and Cardiovascular Outcomes in High-Risk Vascular Disease","volume":"376","author":"Lincoff","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.07.025","article-title":"The Addition of Niacin to Statin Therapy Improves High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels But Not Metrics of Functionality","volume":"62","author":"Khera","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200401010","article-title":"Lipoproteomics II: Mapping of proteins in high-density lipoprotein using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry","volume":"5","author":"Karlsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.11.008","article-title":"Alterations in high-density lipoprotein proteome and function associated with persistent organic pollutants","volume":"98","author":"Ljunggren","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19071971","article-title":"Unravelling hdl\u2013looking beyond the cholesterol surface to the quality within","volume":"19","author":"Kajani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-018-4824-3","article-title":"High-density lipoproteins (HDL) composition and function in preeclampsia","volume":"298","author":"Einbinder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23262","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v3.23262","article-title":"Co-isolation of extracellular vesicles and high-density lipoproteins using density gradient ultracentrifugation","volume":"3","author":"Yuana","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2017.11.010","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in obesity and diabetes mellitus","volume":"60","author":"Pardo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Aspects Med."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2017.08.004","article-title":"Endothelial- and Immune Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Cardiovascular Health and Disease","volume":"2","author":"Jansen","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl. Sci."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37457","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M605823200","article-title":"Role of scavenger receptor class B type I and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors in high density lipoprotein-induced inhibition of adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells","volume":"281","author":"Kimura","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ra79","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aaa2581","article-title":"HDL-bound sphingosine 1-phosphate acts as a biased agonist for the endothelial cell receptor S1P1 to limit vascular inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Galvani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000225982.01988.93","article-title":"Endothelial and antithrombotic actions of HDL","volume":"98","author":"Mineo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-09-599530","article-title":"High-density lipoprotein modulates thrombosis by preventing von Willebrand factor self-Association and subsequent platelet adhesion","volume":"127","author":"Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI42946","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying adverse effects of HDL on eNOS-activating pathways in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"121","author":"Besler","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712.e5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2017.03.013","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory function of high-density lipoprotein in type II diabetes: A systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Lemmers","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lipidol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201801245R","article-title":"Potent anti-inflammatory properties of HDL in vascular smooth muscle cells mediated by HDL-S1P and their impairment in coronary artery disease due to lower HDL-S1P: A new aspect of HDL dysfunction and its therapy","volume":"33","author":"Keul","year":"2019","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.08.003","article-title":"HDL function is impaired in acute myocardial infarction independent of plasma HDL cholesterol levels","volume":"10","author":"Annema","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lipidol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2014.02.026","article-title":"The HDL anti-inflammatory function is impaired in myocardial infarction and may predict new cardiac events independent of HDL cholesterol","volume":"433","author":"Dullaart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e004169","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.004169","article-title":"Impaired High-Density Lipoprotein Anti-Oxidative Function Is Associated With Outcome in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure","volume":"5","author":"Schrutka","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-017-3165-z","article-title":"Dysfunctional HDL in diabetes mellitus and its role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease","volume":"440","author":"Srivastava","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4162","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20131149","article-title":"Glycation of high-density lipoprotein in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"126","author":"Sun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J. (Engl.)"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0192616","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes is associated with loss of HDL endothelium protective functions","volume":"13","author":"Vaisar","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0613-8","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory function of HDL is impaired in type 2 diabetes: Role of hyperglycemia, paraoxonase-1 and low grade inflammation","volume":"16","author":"Ebtehaj","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00326-5","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes in migrant south Asians: mechanisms, mitigation, and management","volume":"3","author":"Sattar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.02.010","article-title":"HDL functionality in South Asians as compared to white Caucasians","volume":"26","author":"Bakker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.115.307049","article-title":"Diabetes Mellitus Is Associated With Reduced High-Density Lipoprotein Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Content and Impaired High-Density Lipoprotein Cardiac Cell Protection","volume":"36","author":"Brinck","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-13-82","article-title":"The compensatory enrichment of sphingosine -1- phosphate harbored on glycated high-density lipoprotein restores endothelial protective function in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"13","author":"Tong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.P089409","article-title":"Plasma apoM and S1P levels are inversely associated with mortality in African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"60","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2013.07.009","article-title":"Dyslipidemia, but not hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, is associated with marked alterations in the HDL lipidome in type 2 diabetic subjects in the DIWA cohort: Impact on small HDL particles","volume":"1831","author":"St\u00e5hlman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.023712","article-title":"Mediterranean Diet Improves High-Density Lipoprotein Function in High-Cardiovascular-Risk Individuals","volume":"135","author":"Hern\u00e1ez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1159\/000363137","article-title":"Effect of an Isoenergetic Traditional Mediterranean Diet on the High-Density Lipoprotein Proteome in Men with the Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"7","author":"Richard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lifestyle Genomics"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00345.2006","article-title":"Effect of a short-term diet and exercise intervention on inflammatory\/anti-inflammatory properties of HDL in overweight\/obese men with cardiovascular risk factors","volume":"101","author":"Roberts","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2016.190","article-title":"Weight loss surgery in adolescents corrects high-density lipoprotein subspecies and their function","volume":"41","author":"Davidson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2012.56","article-title":"Diet-Induced Weight Loss in Overweight or Obese Women and Changes in High-Density Lipoprotein Levels and Function","volume":"20","author":"Aicher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.12.014","article-title":"Effect of Exercise Training on Plasma Levels and Functional Properties of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in the Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"107","author":"Casella-Filho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2979","article-title":"Walk-Run Training Improves the Anti-Inflammation Properties of High-Density Lipoprotein in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"100","author":"Sang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.41095","article-title":"Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation on High-Density Lipoprotein-mediated Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Paraoxonase-1 Activity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Furuyama","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Atheroscler. Thromb."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.301684","article-title":"Exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure promotes restoration of high-density lipoprotein functional properties","volume":"113","author":"Adams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00545","article-title":"Long distance metabolic regulation through adipose-derived circulating exosomal miRNAs: A trail for RNA-based therapies?","volume":"8","author":"Fatima","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3202","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-11-611046","article-title":"Endothelial cells suppress monocyte activation through secretion of extracellular vesicles containing antiinfl ammatory microRNAs","volume":"125","author":"Njock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.001720","article-title":"Endothelial Microparticle - Mediated Transfer of MicroRNA-126 Promotes Vascular Endothelial Cell Repair via SPRED1 and Is Abrogated in Glucose-Damaged Endothelial Microparticles","volume":"128","author":"Jansen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2202","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12607","article-title":"Endothelial microparticles reduce ICAM-1 expression in a microRNA-222-dependent mechanism Cell culture and EMP generation","volume":"19","author":"Jansen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B46","first-page":"249","article-title":"Atheroprotective communication between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells through miRNAs","volume":"14","author":"Hergenreider","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Publ. Gr."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4636","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201601244RR","article-title":"Endothelial microparticles prevent lipid-induced endothelial damage via Akt\/eNOS signaling and reduced oxidative stress","volume":"31","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2017","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01789","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles work as a functional inflammatory mediator between vascular endothelial cells and immune cells","volume":"9","author":"Hosseinkhani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3689","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201700149","article-title":"Altered cargo proteins of human plasma endothelial cell-derived exosomes in atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease","volume":"31","author":"Goetzl","year":"2017","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3908","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-10-461798","article-title":"Platelets activated during myocardial infarction release functional miRNA, which can be taken up by endothelial cells and regulate ICAM1 expression","volume":"121","author":"Gidl\u00f6f","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3912","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201701073R","article-title":"Platelet-derived microparticles promote endothelial cell proliferation in hypertension via miR-142-3p","volume":"32","author":"Bao","year":"2018","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3097","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201600368RR","article-title":"Monocyte exosomes induce adhesion molecules and cytokines via activation of NF-\u03baB in endothelial cells","volume":"30","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.080228","article-title":"Endothelial Dysfunction Caused by Circulating Microparticles from Patients with Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"173","author":"Agouni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4331-2","article-title":"High glucose increases the formation and pro-oxidative activity of endothelial microparticles","volume":"60","author":"Burger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-016-1926-2","article-title":"Glucose and angiotensin II-derived endothelial extracellular vesicles regulate endothelial dysfunction via ERK1\/2 activation","volume":"469","author":"Taguchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch. Eur. J. Physiol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a029827","article-title":"Exosomes as Mediators of the Systemic Adaptations to Endurance Exercise","volume":"8","author":"Safdar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538017","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/538017","article-title":"Endothelial activation microparticles and inflammation status improve with exercise training in African Americans","author":"Babbitt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-017-0628-z","article-title":"Exercise-induced circulating extracellular vesicles protect against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"112","author":"Bei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2024","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001672","article-title":"Moderate Exercise Enhances Endothelial Progenitor Cell Exosomes Release and Function","volume":"50","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.314635","article-title":"Longterm Exercise-Derived Exosomal miR-342-5p: A Novel Exerkine for Cardioprotection","volume":"124","author":"Hou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H425","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00438.2014","article-title":"Shear stress-induced mitochondrial biogenesis decreases the release of microparticles from endothelial cells","volume":"309","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. - Hear Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep24316","article-title":"Low-density lipoprotein mimics blood plasma-derived exosomes and microvesicles during isolation and detection","volume":"6","author":"S\u00f3dar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145686","article-title":"Isolation of exosomes from blood plasma: Qualitative and quantitative comparison of ultracentrifugation and size exclusion chromatography methods","volume":"10","author":"Baranyai","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23430","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v3.23430","article-title":"Single-step isolation of extracellular vesicles by size-exclusion chromatography","volume":"3","author":"B\u00f6ing","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Extracell Vesicles."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-57497-7","article-title":"A comparison of methods for the isolation and separation of extracellular vesicles from protein and lipid particles in human serum","volume":"10","author":"Brennan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2210","article-title":"MicroRNAs are transported in plasma and delivered to recipient cells by high-density lipoproteins","volume":"13","author":"Vickers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo9110259","article-title":"Lipid profile characterization and lipoprotein comparison of extracellular vesicles from human plasma and serum","volume":"9","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695.e13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.09.005","article-title":"An Endothelial-to-Adipocyte Extracellular Vesicle Axis Governed by Metabolic State","volume":"175","author":"Crewe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NR08360B","article-title":"Technical challenges of working with extracellular vesicles","volume":"10","author":"Ramirez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1080\/14789450.2019.1650645","article-title":"Deepening our understanding of HDL proteome","volume":"16","author":"Ronsein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Rev. Proteomics"},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.7b00816","article-title":"Rapid Affinity Enrichment of Human Apolipoprotein A-I Associated Lipoproteins for Proteome Analysis","volume":"17","author":"Collier","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.309417","article-title":"Methodological guidelines to study extracellular vesicles","volume":"120","author":"Coumans","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7493","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b05675","article-title":"High-efficiency separation of Extracellular Vesicles from Lipoproteins in Plasma by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis","volume":"92","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal Chem."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2000.013","article-title":"Markers of endothelial dysfunction","volume":"38","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2015.10.010","article-title":"Therapeutic applications of reconstituted HDL: When structure meets function","volume":"157","author":"Darabi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"2021113011173328400_B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-018-1004-9","article-title":"HDL Mimetics Infusion and Regression of Atherosclerosis: Is It Still Considered a Valid Therapeutic Option?","volume":"20","author":"Karalis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rep."}],"container-title":["Clinical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/clinsci\/article-pdf\/134\/22\/2977\/897627\/cs-2020-0892.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/clinsci\/article-pdf\/134\/22\/2977\/897627\/cs-2020-0892.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]],"date-time":"2024-08-17T17:38:11Z","timestamp":1723916291000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/portlandpress.com\/clinsci\/article\/134\/22\/2977\/226993\/High-density-lipoprotein-s-vascular-protective"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/cs20200892","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-5221","1470-8736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-5221","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-8736","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}}}