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Virus-infected host cells exhibit marked increases in glutamine utilization and metabolism. Glutamine metabolism generates ATP and precursors for the synthesis of macromolecules to assemble progeny viruses. Some compounds derived from glutamine are used in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines. These latter compounds are precursors for the synthesis of nucleotides. Inhibitors of glutamine transport and metabolism are potential candidate antiviral drugs. Glutamine is also an essential nutrient for the functions of leukocytes (lymphocyte, macrophage, and neutrophil), including those in virus-infected patients. The increased glutamine requirement for immune cell functions occurs concomitantly with the high glutamine utilization by host cells in virus-infected patients. The development of antiviral drugs that target glutamine metabolism must then be specifically directed at virus-infected host cells to avoid negative effects on immune functions. Therefore, the aim of this review was to describe the landscape of cellular glutamine metabolism to search for potential candidates to inhibit glutamine transport or glutamine metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20201042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,23]],"date-time":"2021-01-23T13:21:07Z","timestamp":1611408067000},"page":"305-325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Host cell glutamine metabolism as a potential antiviral target"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Sandro\u00a0Massao","family":"Hirabara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Program of Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Galv\u00e3oBueno, 868, Liberdade, 01506-000, S\u00e3oPaulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, 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