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Termed \u2018immunometabolism\u2019, this interdisciplinary field explores paradigms of both immunology and metabolism to provided unique insights into different disease pathogenic processes, and the identification of new potential therapeutic targets. Similar to other inflammatory conditions, the atherosclerotic inflammatory process in the artery has been associated with a local dysregulated metabolic response. Thus, recent studies show that metabolites are more than just fuels in their metabolic pathways, and they can act as modulators of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. In this review article, we describe the most common immunometabolic pathways characterised in innate and adaptive immune cells, and discuss how macrophages\u2019 and T cells\u2019 metabolism may influence phenotypic changes in the plaque. Moreover, we discuss the potential of targeting immunometabolism to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20201293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T09:45:55Z","timestamp":1650966355000},"page":"435-454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Metabolism in atherosclerotic plaques: immunoregulatory mechanisms in the arterial wall"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4907-4783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria\u00a0J.","family":"Forteza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0087-116X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel\u00a0F.J.","family":"Ketelhuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022042609453314300_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0106-z","article-title":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Libby","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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