{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T13:23:17Z","timestamp":1775913797623,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Portland Press Ltd.","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]],"date-time":"2022-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["portlandpress.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Exposure to low temperatures has been associated with increased gastroesophageal variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of environmental temperature reduction on portal hypertension and the role of adrenergic signaling pathways in this phenomenon. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent common bile duct ligation or partial portal vein ligation to induce liver cirrhosis and\/or portal hypertension. The impacts of acute or chronic changes in environmental temperature were surveyed. The results showed that acute cooling from 25 to 15\u00b0C and 5\u00b0C increased the portal pressure by 10.6% and 15.5% in cirrhotic rats, and by 22.2% and 36.1% in portal hypertensive rats, respectively. The transient portal pressure surge started shortly after cooling, reached a peak within 5 min and returned to baseline after 10 min. Systemic vascular resistance, mean arterial pressure and splanchnic blood flow increased significantly at the same time. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations, phospholipase C, protein kinase C activity and myosin phosphorylation of peripheral arteries increased significantly in response to cooling. Phentolamine (an \u03b1-blocker) but not propranolol (a non-selective \u03b2-blocker) dose-dependently inhibited the transient portal pressure surge and aforementioned molecular changes. In conclusion, environmental temperature reduction induced peripheral vasoconstriction via \u03b1-adrenergic pathways, and redistribution of blood flow to the splanchnic system led to a surge in transient portal pressure. Treatment with \u03b1-adrenergic receptor antagonists may exert additional benefits in controlling portal hypertension, especially on exposure to low temperatures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20220290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]],"date-time":"2022-10-07T08:36:56Z","timestamp":1665131816000},"page":"1449-1466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["\u03b1-Adrenergic blockade prevented environmental temperature reduction-induced transient portal pressure surge in cirrhotic and portal hypertensive rats"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Hui-Chun","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"2Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"3Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ching-Chih","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"3Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chon\u00a0Kit","family":"Pun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"2Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Hung","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Division of Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiao-Lin","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"3Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4884-634X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shao-Jung","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"2Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Hsiang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"2Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Chih","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"2Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fa-Yauh","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"2Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022102613582355000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0901512","article-title":"Management of varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis","volume":"362","author":"Garcia-Tsao","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. 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