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The present study aimed to explore the effects of Gal-3 inhibition on periodontal inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) with or without Gal-3 knockdown were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and a ligation-induced mouse periodontitis model treated with a Gal-3 inhibitor was established. Hematoxylin\u2013eosin (H&amp;E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were used to evaluate Gal-3 levels in gingival tissues. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect Gal-3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) expression. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to detect NF-\u03baB and ERK signaling pathway activation. Micro-computed tomography was used to analyse the degree of bone loss. Results: Gal-3 was significantly up-regulated in inflamed gingival tissues and LPS-induced HGFs. Gal-3 knockdown markedly decreased LPS-induced IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2 expression and blocked NF-\u03baB and ERK signaling pathway activation in HGFs. In the mouse periodontitis model, Gal-3 inhibition significantly alleviated IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6 infiltration in gingival tissue and mitigated periodontal bone loss. Conclusions: Gal-3 inhibition notably alleviated periodontal inflammation partly through blocking NF-\u03baB and ERK signaling pathway activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20240036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T06:14:12Z","timestamp":1717654452000},"page":"725-739","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Galectin-3 inhibition alleviated LPS-induced periodontal inflammation in gingival fibroblasts and experimental periodontitis mice"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Song","family":"Wenjing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China"},{"name":"2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Mengmeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shang","family":"Lingling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7527-7512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kang","family":"Wenyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Shaohua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024061808562478500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0498","article-title":"Well-maintained patients with a history of periodontitis still harbor a more dysbiotic microbiome than health","volume":"91","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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